Maryland. "Fatti maschii, Parole femine" The United States of America. (Strong deeds, gentle words) Carol A. Haberkern. Annapolis

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1 Maryland "Fatti maschii, Parole femine" (Strong deeds, gentle words) The United States of America Carol A. Haberkern Annapolis I Save A Tree Electronic Books C 2003 I Save A Tree Inc. ISBN# X

2 Table of Contents Location 5 History before statehood 7 History since statehood 9 State government 11 State flag 13 Current facts 15 Industry today 17 State landmarks 19 Weather and land 21 Animals in Maryland 23 State bird 25 State tree 27 State flower 29 Famous people from Maryland 31 Things to do in Maryland 33 Popular sports in Maryland 35 Fast facts 37 Glossary 39 Web sites / books for information 41 Index 43 Credits 45

3 Location Maryland is a mid-atlantic state. It is bordered on the north by the state of Pennsylvania. Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean lie to the east. West Virginia and Virginia form Maryland s southern border. The Chesapeake Bay separates Maryland into two parts. Annapolis is the capital. It is located on the Chesapeake Bay. Annapolis 6

4 History Before Statehood British infantry Over the centuries, many Native Americans hunted in the region. When the English arrived in the 1600s, they encountered several Indian tribes. Cecil Calvert started a colony there in He was a Roman Catholic and was not allowed to worship in England. He welcomed people of all Christian religions. Calvert was called Lord Baltimore. The colonies fought against England in the Revolutionary War ( ). They won their independence and formed the United States of America. Cecil Calvert 8

5 History Since Statehood Union troops Maryland became a state in After the Revolutionary War, Annapolis became the capital of the new nation. In 1791, Maryland gave land to the U.S. government for a permanent capital city. The city is Washington, D.C. Many free African- Americans made their home in Maryland. When the Civil War ( ) began, Maryland did not join the Union against slavery.. Later, Baltimore became a major port on the Chesapeake Bay. White House, Washington, D.C. 10

6 Government Statecapitolbuilding The state government of Maryland is divided into three branches. GovernorBobEhrlichis headoftheexecutivebranch. This branch is in charge of carrying out thelaws. The legislative branch is called the General Assembly. Itmakes the laws. The General Assembly has two parts, the Senate and the House of Delegates. The third branch is the judicialbranch. Thisbranchinterprets the laws. Marylandhas23counties. Each county has a local government. Governor Bob Ehrlich 12

7 State Flag The state flag of Maryland was adopted in The flag is divided into four parts. The crests of the Crossland and Calvert families are on Maryland's flag. Maryland was founded as an English colony in 1634 by Cecil Calvert. The black-and-gold design belong to the Calvert family. The red-andwhite design belongs to the Crossland family. 14

8 Current Facts Goddard Flight Center Over 5,296,486 people live in Maryland. The state is ranked the 19th largest state for the number of people living in it. Maryland covers 9,775 square miles. It ranks 42nd in total area. The state has 3,190 miles of coastline along the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. Today, many government offices are located in Maryland including The National Institutes of Health, The Goddard Space Flight Center and the Social Security headquarters. Baltimore 16

9 Industry Today Maryland is famous for blue claw crabs. Crabs, clams and oysters caught in the Chesapeake Bay are a big industry. Canneries pack seafood and vegetables. Soybeans, corn and tomatoes are important crops. Chickens are raised on farms, and dairy cattle produce milk. Many people work in the service industries. These include jobs in hotels, stores and government offices. Blue claw crabs Chicken 18

10 Landmarks Wild pony Assateague Island National Seashore is home to the wild ponies. This landmark is popular with adults and children alike. Each year many of these ponies are sold at auction. Fort McHenry National Monument is another famous landmark. It is the birthplace of our National Anthem, The Star Spangled Banner. Francis Scott Key composed the song during the War of Artillery at Fort McHenry 20

11 Weather & Land Winter in Baltimore Maryland has a humid climate. Summers are usually warm and the winters are mild. Average temperatures range from 33 in the winter to a high of 75 Fahrenheit in the summer.the average yearly precipitation is 43 inches. Maryland has flat land, rolling hills and mountains. Many rivers run through the state. Maryland coastline 22

12 Animals In Maryland Falcon The wild ponies are Maryland s most famous animals. They live on Assateague Island. Many other types of animals also live in Maryland. Black bears live in the mountains. White-tail deer, foxes, raccoons, and squirrels live in the forests. Many birds live in Maryland, including the bald eagle and peregrine falcon. These birds are endangered. Wild pony 24

13 State Bird Oriole The Baltimore oriole (Icterus baltimore) was named the state bird of Maryland in The male oriole has a bright orange chest, a black hood and black wings and tail. The female is not as colorful. The female builds a nest shaped like a pouch. This pretty songbird was named after the first Lord Baltimore. Oriole 26

14 State Tree Oak bark White oak The white oak (Quercus alba) was named the state tree in The wood of the white oak was famous for making barrels. It was also used to build ships. Its glossy, bright green leaves have rounded lobes, five to seven per leaf. In the fall, they turn a lovely red color. The acorns provide food for many animals. Native Americans ground acorns into flour, a secret that they shared with early European settlers. 28

15 State Flower Black-eyed Susan The black-eyed Susan (Rudbeck ia hirta) was named the state flower in At one time this flower only grew in the western states. The black-eyed Susan made its way east mixed with clover seeds. This pretty, yellow flower blooms from May to September. The center of the black-eyed Susan is black and the petals are yellow. Black-eyed Susan 30

16 Famous People Harriet Tubman Francis Scott Key, the author of The Star Spangled Banner, was born in Maryland in Edgar Allan Poe, the author of many scary stories, wrote and died in Baltimore. Many famous African- Americans like Benjamin Banneker, Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglas came from Maryland. John Wilkes Booth, the man who killed President Abraham Lincoln, was also a Marylander. Edgar Allan Poe 32

17 Things to Do In Maryland Naval Academy graduation Maryland has many historical sites to visit. Annapolis is the oldest capital in the nation. Maryland has many historical sites to visit. Annapolis is also home to the U.S. Naval Academy. Visitors are invited to tour the museum and grounds. In Baltimore, visitors can see the birthplace of Babe Ruth, the National Aquarium and the Inner Harbor. There are numerous state and national parks to visit in Maryland. Young Babe Ruth 34

18 Sports Lacrosse In Maryland Football and baseball are enjoyed by Maryland s fans. Two professional sports teams call Baltimore home. They are the Baltimore Orioles and the Baltimore Ravens. The Army and Navy football game is played each November between the cadets of Annapolis and West Point. College sports include football, basketball, baseball, lacrosse and jousting. In the western part of the state, white-water rafting is popular on the Savage and Youghiogheny Rivers. Navy football 36

19 Baltimore Fast Facts Governor: Bob Ehrlich Capital: Annapolis Size: 9,775, square miles, 42nd in the U.S. Population: 5,296,486 people, 19th in the U.S. Major cities: Baltimore, Fredrick, Gaithersburg, Annapolis Nickname: Old Line State State bird: Baltimore oriole State animal: none State tree: white oak State flower: black-eyed Susan State song: Maryland, My Maryland State motto, Fatti maschii, Parole Femine (Strong deeds, gentle words) Bald eagle 38

20 Glossary auction, a public sale at which goods or property are sold to the highest bidder. bald eagle, the national bird of the United States. canneries, factories where food is put into cans. century, one hundred years. headquarters, center of operations. jousting, a fight between two people on horses using a long pole. lacrosse, a game played using a ball and a pole with a net on the end of it. Roman Catholic, a Christian religion that has a Pope in charge. service, work that helps people. U.S. Naval Academy, a school in which people learn to become military officers. 40

21 Links & Books For more information Link1 Link2 Link3 TITLE: Maryland Facts and Symbols AUTHOR: Muriel L. Dubois PUBLISHER: Capstone Press COPYRIGHT: 1999 TITLE: Maryland AUTHOR: Paul Joseph PUBLISHER: ABDO & Daughers COPYRIGHT: 1998 TITLE: Maryland AUTHOR: Patricia K. Kummer PUBLISHER: Capstone Press COPYRIGHT: 1998 Visit our 42

22 Index Annapolis, 5, 9, 33, 34, 35 Baltimore, 8, 10, 25, 26, 31, 34, 35 Booth, John Wilkes, 32 Chesapeake Bay, 5, 10, 16, 17 Civil War, 10 Douglas, Fredrick, 32 E hrlich, Bob, 11 Lincoln, Abraham, 32 mid-atlantic, 5 Native American, 7 oak, white, 27 oriole, 25, 35 Revolutionary War, 8, 9 Roman Catholic, 7 Star Spangled Banner," 20, 31 Susan, black-eyed, 29, 30 Tubman, Harriet, 32 Washington, D.C., 9 44

23 Credits Written by Carol A. Haberkern Edited by Linda Coyner Produced by Robert Rance Technologies Doug Meyers Design Dan Mader Photo credits Maryland Department of Natural Resources I Save A Tree Inc. reserves the right to remove or exchange any photo/illustration at any time without notice. 46