Today in Astronomy 106: apes to modern humans
|
|
|
- Randolf Burns
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Today in Astronomy 106: apes to modern humans Meet the hominids. Brains, diet and toolmaking: going where natural selection fears to tread. Genetic diversity in Africa, the Saharan bottleneck, and the spread of humanity. The spread of languages. Selections from The Dawn of Man, in 2001: A Space Odyssey, by Stanley Kubrick (1968). 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
2 Monkeys to hominids Once bipedal hominids began to appear in newly-drier East Africa, many gene mutations were naturally selected which accelerated the differences between them and the apes. Distinct process from steady rate of increased difference in junk DNA. Most evident in parts of genes called human accelerated regions (HARs), of which 55 have been noted. Evans June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
3 Monkeys to hominids (continued) HARs were discovered in 2006 by Katie Pollard (UCSF), as one of the first huge achievements of the new science of genomics. HAR1, chromosome 20, for example: Present in reptiles onward. Base-pair difference between chimpanzees and chickens: 2. Base-pair difference between chimpanzees and humans: June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
4 Africa s Hominidae All bipedal and tail-less: Ardepithecus: several species known mostly by femurs. Australopithecus afarensis (e.g. Lucy), africanus, robustus, bosei. Evolved toward bigger teeth. Homo rudolfensis, habilis/ergaster, erectus, heidelbergensis, neanderthalensis, sapiens. Evolved toward bigger brains. Ardepithecus Australopithecus (or Paranthropus) Homo Genetic difference (schematic) 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer Myr ago
5 Evolution of diet 6 As they walked from tree to tree, hominids gradually were selected for eating more than fruit and leave, this also allowed for growth of larger brains: A. afarensis: grasses and meat as well (e.g. Sponheimer and Lee-Thorp 1999). H. habilis: even more meat. H. erectus: wider variety of meat. H. sapiens: as much meat as they could get. A. afarensis H. habilis H. erectus H. sapiens Genetic difference (schematic) 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer Myr ago
6 Evolution of brains Cranial capacity increases dramatically along the Homo branch of the hominids. A. afarensis, at an average of 440 cc, would fit comfortably in the chimpanzee range ( cc). Capacity about the same for all posterectus species Cranial volume (cc = cm -3 ) Genetic difference (schematic) Myr ago 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
7 Evolution of tools H. Habilis ( handy man ) was the first hominid to make tools: stone hand-axes and scrapers that go with scraped animal femurs, both found with habilis remains Myr ago 1 0 U. Arizona Genetic difference (schematic) 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
8 Tools (continued) H. erectus chipped both sides of the stone, symmetrically, to produce much better hand axes. This biface toolmaking tradition is called Acheulean, after finds in the suburb of Amiens (France) from which the tools were first characterized. Genetic difference (schematic) Myr ago 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
9 Tools (continued) Incomplete Acheulean tools show that H. erectus was about 85% right handed, as we are (e.g. Toth 1985) H. habilis showed no preference for right or left in toolmaking. Handedness is a sign of brain lateralization (hemisphere specialization). Brain lateralization is closely connected with speech. H. erectus might, therefore, have invented language. Genetic difference (schematic) Myr ago 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
10 Tools (continued) By 0.3 Myr ago, H. heid. and H. neand. had mastered stone toolmaking by flaking, including the making of points (Mousterian industry.) learned to make fire, and probably to cook. could live in harsh climates (ice ages and the Arctic), and thus had invented clothing. Genetic difference (schematic) Myr ago 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
11 Early Evolution of Communication Raw meat is very difficult, time consuming and energetically expensive to eat and on top of that not all of it can be digested. H. erectus s smaller teeth and gut point to the development of using fire to cook meat Gathering around a fire for protection, warmth and cooking was a natural place for the growth of language, social skills and relationships Wikimedia Commons 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
12 Mid-lecture Break Homework #4 due Thursday. Recitation tomorrow. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
13 Genetic diversity of Africa From H. erectus and onward, the adaptability and organizational skills permitted by larger brain size especially tool- and speech-making capabilities allowed hominids to spread past the bounds of their East African homeland. Indeed, they had to, for dietary reasons. Grasslands spread and where prey go predators follow Big herbivores like gorillas and chimps can live (in forests) at population densities of about 1 per km 2. But hominids, who preferred meat, could no longer digest leaves and grasses, and weren t so efficient at hunting yet, could only live at densities no greater than about 0.1 per km June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
14 Genetic diversity of Africa (continued) Thus competition among the hominids more advanced ones forced less advanced ones to inhospitable places, or killed them off and ate them. and their overspreading of temperate Africa south of the Sahara and the Sudd, a huge swamp along the Nile. By roughly 100,000 years ago, H. sapiens had occupied all of this part of Africa and eliminated its competition, leaving the apes and monkeys to their trees. Still dominating the hominid gene pool and having Myr of differentiation, this process led to a notable diversity of races among H. sapiens that remains the greatest, even now that the species is worldwide. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
15 Genetic diversity of Africa (continued) The four main branches of African humanity, the differences among which are as great as the differences with the rest of the world. West Africans (Niger- Congolese language group) Nilo-Saharans Pygmys San (or Khoisan) Desert WA All were originally also language groups, though the Pygmys now speak West African (spec. Bantu) languages. P NS The Sudd S 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
16 Out of Africa Of course, there was some leakage from the African gene pool, as hominids explored for better food sources. Presumably the best exit has always been to endure the passage of the Sudd and follow the Nile; this is consistent with the ages of archaic human fossils, which tend to be older the closer they are to the isthmus of Suez. There have been at least three escapes: by H. erectus., by H. heidelbergensis/neanderthalensis, and by H sapiens. A small band of H. erectus escaped Africa somewhere around 1 Myr ago, rather early in the life of the species. This band multiplied rapidly and spread throughout the temperate regions of Africa, Europe and Asia. Thus Java man and Peking man. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
17 Range of H. erectus Dmanisi Peking Man Java Man Ice-age drops in sea level enabled H. erectus to walk to Java and Britain. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
18 Out of Africa (continued) About 130,000 years ago, near the beginning of the most recent ice age (Wisconsin-Weichsel-Wurm), a small band of H. neanderthalensis left Africa and flourished by hunting iceage megafauna, such as mastodons and mammoths, on the treeless tundra south of the ice sheets. They seem quickly to have displaced H. erectus in Europe and the Near East. Their remains, and the products of the Mousterian industry, comprise oldest finds of the Old Stone Age, or lower Paleolithic Age, in Europe. This distinction means less to the rest of the world than it does to Europe, of course. Things in back home in Africa were developing more smoothly. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
19 Ranges of H. neanderthalensis and (W) ice sheets 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
20 Out of Africa (continued) Then, about 80,000 years ago, with the W ice age still in progress, a small group of H. sapiens left Africa via the Nile valley, and similarly to its predecessors began to reproduce, flourish, and expand all over the world. Also like its predecessors, this group represented a tiny selection of the gene pool, and reproduced very rapidly as it soon took over all the habitats. Since its numbers grew large so much faster than the time over which H. sapiens had evolved, the Out Of Africa portion of the species is genetically very homogeneous. Norwegians, Chinese and Australian Aborigines are very close genetically, and all are distinctively different from all of the remaining African races. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
21 The Middle Paleolithic H. sapiens brought with them many new improvements, for which the remains grace the Eurasian Middle Paleolithic: even better tools (the Aurignacian industry), including composite structures made of wood or bone and pebbles sharpened to an edge. Neanderthals tried to follow suit here (the Chatelperronian industry), but it was too little too late. new ideas, like boats. With these, H. sapiens colonized Australia about 40,000 years ago. (subprimate) animal friends. Dogs begin to appear around the campfires in the middle paleolithic. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
22 The beginnings of the Upper Paleolithic By about the end of the W ice age 18,000 years ago, H. sapiens had done away with H. neanderthalensis and H. erectus. Despite many claims that these species interbred, especially in East Asia, this appears to be a dubious proposition. There is essentially no genetic legacy from H. neanderthalensis and H. erectus that H. sapiens didn t have when they left Africa. H. sapiens began to leave the first remains of cultural development, in the form of the famous cave paintings of such locations as Lascaux (France, at right) and Altamira (Spain). 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
23 What was H. sapiens brain-size advantage over H. erectus? A. No advantage: brains roughly the same size. B. H. sapiens brains are 50% larger than H. erectus. C. H. sapiens brains are about twice the size of H. erectus. D. H. sapiens brains are five times larger than H. erectus. 14 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
24 What was H. sapiens brain-size advantage over H. neanderthalensis? A. No advantage: brains roughly the same size. B. H. sapiens brains are 50% larger than Neanderthals. C. H. sapiens brains are about twice the size of Neanderthals. D. H. sapiens brains are five times larger than Neanderthals. 14 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
25 The beginnings of the Upper Paleolithic Within the next few thousand years they occupied and adapted to all of the habitable land of Europe, Asia and Australia, and followed the edges of the ice sheets as they retreated north. The adaptation in various climes, and the lack of communication over large distances, led during this time to differentiation of habits of culture as well as habits of dining. The most notable of these is the origin of the basic families of language, since those left the most indelible mark. 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
26 The language groups West Mediterranian Afro-Asiatic Indo-European WA NS Lapp Uralic Eurasiatic Sino-Tibetan Austric Indo-Pacific P S Sumerian Australian Elamo- Dravidian 13 June 2011 Astronomy 106, Summer
NAME: DATE: PER: Paleolithic People: The Paleolithic Age. Making A Connection
Mr. Curzan Roots Of Civ. NAME: DATE: PER: Paleolithic People: The Paleolithic Age Key Terms: Define each term from the readings on the next few pages prehistory - civilization - migrate bands - home territory
Who s Who on the Family Tree
Name Time Period Characteristics: Skull: Brain: Physical size and type: Walked upright: Environment type: Social interaction: Technology: Diet: Australopithecus afarensis Meaning: 'Southern Ape of Afar'
the scientific name for us as a species Homo sapiens
Stone Age Test Study Guide Test: Tuesday, October 23 Format: Matching, Multiple Choice, Free Response Notes: Early Humans, Evolution, Lower Paleolithic Era, Human Migration, Upper Paleolithic Era, Agricultural
The Stone Ages and Early Cultures 5,000,000 years ago 5,000 years ago
The Stone Ages and Early Cultures 5,000,000 years ago 5,000 years ago Section 1 P. 28-34 Prehistory - the time before writing Archaeologists & anthropologists do the research Hominids - early ancestors
Chapter 2 Section 1. Paleolithic Age
Chapter 2 Section 1 Paleolithic Age Paleolithic Age - second part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC Stone Age
Omo- oldest known AMH found at Omo site in Ethiopia date ~ 195,000ya. Same morphology as noted above.
Test 3 Study Guide ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMANS- earliest fossils found in Africa dated to about 200,000 years ago, well-rounded rear of skull (no occipital bun), high skull (doesn t slope), small brow ridges
Prehistoric Technology
Prehistoric Technology Human History Prehistory generally associated with artifacts 2 million years ago to 5,000 years ago History generally associated with the emergence of written records 5,000 years
The First People. The Big Idea Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language.
The First People The Big Idea Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language. Main Ideas Scientists study the remains of early humans to
KEY. Chapter 2: The Stone Age and Early Cultures Section 1: The First People
KEY Chapter 2: The Stone Age and Early Cultures Section 1: The First People Big Idea Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language. Scientists
The Genus Homo Overview
The Genus Homo Overview There are five subspecies of hominids in the genus Homo: Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens neanderthalenis and Homo sapiens sapiens. Between 2.5 and 2 million
Chapter 2: Early Hominids
Chapter 2: Early Hominids 2.1 Introduction (p.13) o Hominids: prehistoric humans o Paleoanthropologists: specialize in studying the earliest hominids (paleo means ancient ) o (1974) Donald Johanson, an
Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution. Lecture 17 & 18: Homo sapiens. Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier
Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution Lecture 17 & 18: Homo sapiens Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier While Neanderthals were evolving in Europe, hominins in Africa were becoming more like us 300-200 kya, fragmentary
Evolutionary Microbiology. Chapter 12. Human Apex of All Life?
Evolutionary Microbiology Chapter 12. Human Apex of All Life? Jong-Soon Choi Chungnam National Univ. GRAST University of Science and Technology Korea Basic Science Institute 247 Human vs. Human Being Human
Chapter 1. The Peopling of the World, Prehistory 2500 B.C.
Chapter 1 The Peopling of the World, Prehistory 2500 B.C. Time Line 4,000,000 B.C. First hominids appear in Africa. 1,600,000 B.C. Homo erectus appears. 8000 B.C. Neolithic Age begins; first agriculture
World History: Patterns of Interaction
The Peopling of the World Prehistory 2500 B.C. Humans migrate throughout much of the world and begin to develop tools, art, agriculture and cities. The Peopling of the World Prehistory 2500 B.C. SECTION
The Pleistocene Epoch 1
The Pleistocene Epoch 1 Tuesday - Recall the big deal about the hominins Hominins - groups us and our bipedal ape-like ancestors Four evolutionary trends ~ 7 mya divergence from apes Adopted the following
The First People 5 million-5,000 years ago. Picture source: humanorigins.si.edu
The First People 5 million-5,000 years ago Picture source: humanorigins.si.edu Terms to Know Prehistory Hominid Ancestor Tool Paleolithic Era Society Hunter-gatherers GROUP 1 STARTS HERE What you will
PLANET OF THE APES. Can you imagine a world like this? Can you imagine a world like this?
P a l e o l I t h I c P e o p l e s PLANET OF THE APES While humans are the only ones still alive today, there were once many different hominin (formerly called hominid) species living in our world. In
Prehistory Evolution of Man. AP World History Chapter 1a
Prehistory Evolution of Man AP World History Chapter 1a Development of Hominids Animals adapt themselves to environment Hominids adapt environment to themselves Use of tools Language Complex cooperative
People of the Old Stone Age
1 People of the Old Stone Age Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons Mr. Graver Old World Cultures Name Period Notebook Number 2 Neanderthal People Learned Basic Skills Imagine, if you can, a muscular group of people
THE ORIGIN AND SPREAD OF MODERN HUMANS 1. MODERN HUMANS
THE ORIGIN AND SPREAD OF MODERN HUMANS Modern Humans The Advent of Behavioral Modernity Advances in Technology Glacial Retreat Cave Art The Settling of Australia Settling the Americas The Peopling of the
Do Now. Take notes on the article on a separate sheet of paper
Do Now Take notes on the article on a separate sheet of paper Early Humans { Early Humans Historians rely on documents and written records to learn about the past Prehistory is the period before writing
PREHISTORY THE ORIGINS OF LIFE AND HUMANKIND
TASK 1: How do you understand the term Prehistory? What does the prefix pre- mean? When does history start then? THE ORIGINS OF LIFE AND HUMANKIND There are three theories explaining the origins of life
World History I SOL WH1.2 Mr. Driskell
World History I SOL WH1.2 Mr. Driskell A. Modern people are called homosapiens, meaning wise man. B. Homo-sapiens first existed in East Africa, several hundred thousand years ago. C. Home-sapiens spread
Traditions and Encounters A Global Perspective on the Past
PowerPoint Presentation Materials For Instructor s Online Learning Center Traditions and Encounters A Global Perspective on the Past 5th Edition Jerry H. Bentley Herbert F. Ziegler PowerPoint Presentations
Lecture 0. Prehistory before civilization
Lecture 0. Prehistory before civilization Before we ask when did mathematics begin, we may ask the following questions: When did our ancestors begin to have geometric ideas (e.g. painting in caves)? When
THE HUMAN LINEAGE: Features and bilingual activities.
THE HUMAN LINEAGE: Features and bilingual activities. Australopithecus. - 1-5 million years ago - Lived in Africa - Similar to chimpanzees - Walked on two feets - They used bones and branches Homo Habilis.
Early Hominids CHAPTER. 2.1 Introduction
CHAPTER 4 Humans living 2 million years ago shaped stone and animal bones into simple tools. Early Hominids 2.1 Introduction In Chapter 1, you explored cave paintings made by prehistoric humans. Scientists
Water, Life, Humans, and Civilization. The First Organisms. Two energy sources: photoautotrophs. The First Organisms
Water, Life, Humans, and Civilization The First Organisms Must survive in low-oxygen environments Could not eat other organisms for food Assemble complex carbon compounds from simple Carbon compounds (CO
The study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind.
The study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind. Artifacts are those things that people left behind, they can include: Tools and Weapons Pottery Jewelry Art and Sculpture
Archaeologists Archaeologists are a type of They too study the culture and societies of people, only they study people
What is Prehistory? Before we can learn history, first we have to understand Man only learned to write years ago When stuff started to get written down, that s the start of Humans, and their ancestors,
World History: Patterns of Interaction
The Peopling of the World Prehistory 2500 B.C. Humans migrate throughout much of the world and begin to develop tools, art, agriculture and cities. The Peopling of the World Prehistory 2500 B.C. SECTION
Marshall High School Mr. Cline Western Civilization I: Ancient Foundations Unit One BC. What is Civilization?
Marshall High School Mr. Cline Western Civilization I: Ancient Foundations Unit One BC What is Civilization? * In the Beginning. In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth
Chapter 2 Early Hominids. What capabilities helped hominids survive?
2.1. Introduction Chapter 2 Early Hominids What capabilities helped hominids survive? Scientist Donald Johanson displays the partial skeleton, nicknamed Lucy, that he discovered in Africa in 1974. Prehistoric
Early Humans Day 2. Enter Silently Begin Do Now Write HW in planner
Early Humans Day 2 Enter Silently Begin Do Now Write HW in planner Continents/Oceans? Artifacts and Fossils Most of what we know about the earliest humans comes from the things they left behind. Archaeologists
Chapter 2. Early Hominids
Chapter 2 Early Hominids Chapter 2 Early Hominids What capabilities helped hominids survive? 2.1 Introduction Prehistoric humans left clues about their lives in cave paintings. Scientists call these prehistoric
The historical context
The historical context What were our ancestors like? How did they live? How do we know about them, and how reliable is our information? New finds and methods of investigation have recently given us more
Chauvet Cave v=79luyqwznh4. Sunday, May 15, 2011
Chauvet Cave http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=79luyqwznh4 1 2 Last time... What happened in human evolution after 25,000 years ago? How did humans change in the last 25,000 years? Anatomically? Behaviorally?
Chapter 2. Early Hominids. EQ: What capabilities helped hominids survive?
2.1 Introduction Chapter 2 Early Hominids EQ: What capabilities helped hominids survive? Prehistoric humans left clues about their lives in cave paintings. Scientists call these prehistoric humans hominids.
Prehistoric: the time before humans developed written languages to record their history
Prehistoric: the time before humans developed written languages to record their history So how do we form a realistic idea about humans at the Dawn of Time? With information provided by: ARCHEOLOGISTS:
How Did We Get Here?
How Did We Get Here? Where did humans come from? How did we get to where we are now? Where are we going in the future? Studying the migration patterns of humans gives us a glimpse of the development of
WHI.02: Early Humans
WHI.02: Early Humans WHI.2 The student will demonstrate knowledge of early development of humankind from the Paleolithic Era to the agricultural revolution by a) explaining the impact of geographic environment
Today in Astronomy 106: civilization
Today in Astronomy 106: civilization Primacy of H. sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic Age. The Neolithic Age and the Neolithic Revolution. Luck of the draw: distribution of plants, animals, and mineral/metal
Outline. Early Modern Humans. Moderns invade Eurasia. Acheulean hand axe ( mya) Oldowan tools mya
Outline Early Modern Humans Alan R. Rogers February 7, 2018 Archaeology and paleontology Expansion out of Africa Paleolithic Eurasia Mesolithic Eurasia 1 / 71 2 / 71 Moderns invade Eurasia Oldowan tools
TOOLS OF THE STONE AGE
TOOLS OF THE STONE AGE Tool use did not begin with humans, but can be found among even the earliest hominin species. The primary material used for creating tools was stone, which is why the earliest period
Prehistory Overview & Study Guide
Name Prehistory Overview & Study Guide Big Picture: Peopling the Earth: The first big event in this course is the spread of humans across the earth. This is the story of how communities of hunters, foragers,
Assessment: From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers
Name Date Assessment: From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers Mastering the Content Select the letter next to the best answer. 1. What change began the Neolithic Age, about 8000 B.C.E.? A. trading B. hunting
Ch 11 Modern Homo sapiens
Ch 11 Modern Homo sapiens 1 Summary Final redtape Modern human morphology Origins and dispersal Important fossil finds Modern human/upper paleolithic culture 2 Modern humans - morphology and overview Anatomically
Note Taking Study Guide UNDERSTANDING OUR PAST
SECTION Note Taking Study Guide UNDERSTANDING OUR PAST Focus Question: What have scholars learned about the ancestors of humans, and how have they done so? A. As you read Studying the Historical Past and
Paleolithic Era to Mesopotamian City-States
Paleolithic Era to Mesopotamian City-States Before History Prehistory = the period before written records. Archaeological information Archaeology = the study of structures of past societies by analyzing
Human Evolution. by Dana Visalli. Skull shapes & sizes: Chimpanzee, Australopithecus, Homo habilis, H. erectus, H. neanderthalensis, H.
Human Evolution by Dana Visalli Skull shapes & sizes: Chimpanzee, Australopithecus, Homo habilis, H. erectus, H. neanderthalensis, H. sapiens This brief rendition of the story of human evolution attempts
WHI.02: Early Humans
WHI.02: Early Humans In this space, you will create a visual representation of what you have learned in the notes that follow on pages 9-15. You will be graded on your use of space, color and perceived
Chapter 1 Notes 9/15/2015 HUMAN BEGINNINGS
Chapter 1 Notes HUMAN BEGINNINGS Score Discussion Notes 4.0 Student has mastered the learning goal and can fully explain and apply information from the agricultural revolution. 3.0 Student can summarize
Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 25 Modern Homo sapiens Copyright Bruce Owen 2011 This semester I have not discussed the interesting
Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 25 Modern Homo sapiens Copyright Bruce Owen 2011 This semester I have not discussed the interesting side branch of the Neanderthals in Europe please review
1. Introduction enabled
1. Introduction Scientists have identified and studied five important groups of hominids. Like the hominids before them, early modern humans hunted and gathered their food. In this chapter, you'll read
China Before it was China. September 10, 2013
China Before it was China September 10, 2013 Review How do we define Asia? How has geography influenced Asian history? Which religion spread across most of Asia? How much linguistic diversity is there
Historians, archeologists and anthropologists
Historians, archeologists and anthropologists What s the difference? Searching for our Human Ancestors Information taken from Echoes of the Past Senior Author: Garfield Newman McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited,
PRIMITIVE ARCHITECTURE
What is architecture? Architecture is the way through which humans create a shelter to make their life secure and comfortable; but architecture it is also a form of communication, is the physical representation
Class:... School:.. Teacher:..
Contents: 1.- Prehistory: definition 2.- Stone Age 2.1.- Paleolithic Age 2.2.- Neolithic Age 3.- Human evolution: Australopithecus Homo habilis Homo erectus Neanderthals Homo sapiens sapiens Full name:..
The Woolly Mammoth. Edward I. Maxwell
The Wooly Mammoth The Woolly Mammoth Edward I. Maxwell The closest relative of the woolly mammoth is the Asian elephant. The main differencebetweenthetwoisthatthemammothhadanincrediblecoatofouter ruffhairwithinnercurlywool.thelastknowngroupofmammothsdiedoff,or
Human Origins Unit Test
Human Origins Unit Test The following test is over information we have studied from the Human Origins Unit. It assesses student knowledge on the Paleolithic and Neolithic time periods, as well as how we
From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers
From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers ANSWER KEY How did the development of agriculture change daily life in the Neolithic Age? P R E V I E W In the boxes below, create a two-part cartoon strip that shows
Need: Scantron 882-E (big one) and note paper for short answer questions. Topics: End of chapter 8, chapter 9, chapters 10, a little of chapter 11
Class updates Quiz 2 - This Wednesday, May 16 Need: Scantron 882-E (big one) and note paper for short answer questions Topics: End of chapter 8, chapter 9, chapters 10, a little of chapter 11 Short answer
WARM-UP: HUNTER- GATHERERS. What is a hunter-gatherer? Who hunts? Who gathers? What is hunted? What is gathered? How will you get these things?
WARM-UP: HUNTER- GATHERERS What is a hunter-gatherer? Who hunts? Who gathers? What is hunted? What is gathered? How will you get these things? PALEOLITHIC & NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION Societies Begin HOMOSAPIENS
Human Origins in Africa
Name CHAPTER 1 Section 1 (pages 5 13) Human Origins in Africa BEFORE YOU READ In this section, you will read about the earliest humans. AS YOU READ Use the time line below to take notes on the earliest
CHAPTER 11. The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans
CHAPTER 11 The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans Chapter Outline Approaches to Understanding Modern Human Origins The Earliest Discoveries of Modern Humans Something New and Different: The Little People
Chapter 3 From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers. How did the development of agriculture change daily life in the Neolithic Age?
Chapter 3 From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers How did the development of agriculture change daily life in the Neolithic Age? 3.1. Introduction Scientists have identified and studied five important groups
How did the Neolithic Revolution transform human societies?
How did the Neolithic Revolution transform human societies? The history of the universe is greater than the history of humanity. This Cosmic History or Big History dates back to the Big Bang (around13.7
Social Studies Homework: None. Social Studies Warm Up 8: -Write? And answer 1. What is prehistory? 2. What is life like for a nomad?
Social Studies Homework: None Social Studies Warm Up 8: -Write? And answer 1. What is prehistory? 2. What is life like for a nomad? Mankind the Story of All of Us Fire: https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=ygpzm0s_rpq
The Woolly Mammoth. Edward I. Maxwell
The Woolly Mammoth The Woolly Mammoth Edward I. Maxwell The closest relative of the woolly mammoth is the Asian elephant. The main difference between the two is that the mammoth had an incredible coat
Scientific Change. Course Director: Course website: SC/NATS York University Faculty of Science and Engineering Division of Natural Science
Scientific Change SC/NATS 1730.06 York University Faculty of Science and Engineering Division of Natural Science SC/NATS 1730, I Course Director: Professor Byron Wall Office: Room 218, Norman Bethune College
UNIT 3 ANCIENT AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS
Beginnings ANCIENT AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS UNIT 3 Early + Middle Stone Age Late Stone Age in West Africa (15,000 500BC) Development of Agriculture in Ancient Africa Iron Age in Africa Bantu MigraMons Early
11/13/11$ Week 11. Neanderthals/Humans Early humans
Week 11 Neanderthals/Humans Early humans 1$ The world right about now ICE More ICE! ICE AGE series of warm and cold periods (8-10 degrees cooler on average)! Lasts from 1.9 million years ago until 10,000
Kevin Shillington History Of Africa
Kevin Shillington History Of Africa 1 / 6 2 / 6 3 / 6 Kevin Shillington History Of Africa The history of Africa begins with the emergence of hominids, archaic humans and at least 200,000 years ago anatomically
Foundations of World Civilization: Notes 11 Animals, axes, and germs Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 Diamond Ch 9: The Anna Karenina Principle and the
Foundations of World Civilization: Notes 11 Animals, axes, and germs Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 Diamond Ch 9: The Anna Karenina Principle and the domestication of animals A cute phrase to help you remember
Geography Boot Camp Quiz 1
Geography Boot Camp Quiz 1 5 minutes to study, then we begin! You ll have 15 minutes to complete the quiz. Remain seated and quiet until I collect the quiz. There is absolutely NO talking during the quiz,
From Human Prehistory to the Early Civiliza6ons
From Human Prehistory to the Early Civiliza6ons Objec6ves Explore new history concepts Understand the first human civiliza6ons and their development during the Prehistoric Era. Comprehend the differences
Christopher Columbus Didn't Discover the New World; he Rediscovered it
Christopher Columbus Didn't Discover the New World; he Rediscovered it By Encyclopaedia Britannica, adapted by Newsela staff on 06.19.17 Word Count 557 Level 560L Viking Leif Erikson discovers North America
UNIT 5: THE STONE AGE
UNIT 5: THE STONE AGE What is the origin of human beings? What is Prehistory? How many stages are there in Prehistory? What was life like in the Palaeolithic Age? What was life like in the Neolithic Age?
Early Man. Paleolithic and Neolithic Era
Early Man Paleolithic and Neolithic Era Early Humans in the Paleolithic & Neolithic Ages Archaeology is the study of the ancient and recent human past through material remains. It is a subfield of anthropology,
Christopher Columbus Didn't Discover the New World; he Rediscovered it
Christopher Columbus Didn't Discover the New World; he Rediscovered it By Encyclopaedia Britannica, adapted by Newsela staff on 06.20.17 Word Count 808 Level 960L Viking Leif Eriksson discovers North America
Chapter 1 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Early Humans (pages 19 25
Due Date: I. PREHISTORY 1. Define prehistory: A. Archaeology and Anthropology 1. Define archaeology: Chapter 1 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Early Humans (pages 19 25 Name: 2. Define artifacts:
CHAPTER 1. The Beginnings of Civilization
CHAPTER 1 The Beginnings of Civilization The role of Science ANTHROPOLOGY: The study of humanity Different fields lend themselves to the study of Prehistory PREHISTORIC: the vast period of time before
Golden kingdoms of Africa *
OpenStax-CNX module: m22711 1 Golden kingdoms of Africa * Siyavula Uploaders This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 1 SOCIAL SCIENCES: History
7th Grade US History Standard #7H117 Do Now Day #17
Course: US History/Ms. Brown Homeroom: 7th Grade US History Standard #7H117 Do Now Day #17 Aims: SWBAT read and analyze a map locating representative Native American populations SWBAT compare how geography
PISA Style Scientific Literacy Question
PISA Style Scientific Literacy Question The dodo was a large bird, roughly the size of a swan. It has been described as heavily built or even fat. It was flightless, but is believed to have been able to
Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations
Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations 9 CHAPTER 1 : FROM HUMAN PREHISTORY TO EARLY CIVILIZATIONS Overview Prehistory: period before writing History: period after invention of writing,
Early Humans Interactive Notebook
Early Humans Interactive Notebook Contents Included in this resource 1. A Note for the Teacher 2. How to use this resource 3. Photos of every page in use. You are welcome to use them as inspiration for
AP World History-Exam #1
AP World History-Exam #1 Section 1 of this examination contains 35 multiple-choice questions. Therefore, please be careful to fill in only the ovals that are preceded by numbers 1 through 35 on your answer
NAME DATE CLASS. Paleolithic Europe and the Near East. Willendorf GREECE. Crete Cyprus EGYPT
NAM DAT CLASS Lesson 1 Hunter-Gatherers SSNTIAL QUSTION How do people adapt to their environment? GUIDING QUSTIONS 1. What was life like during the Paleolithic Age? 2. How did people adapt to survive during
Early People in the Central American Land Bridge James Folta
Early People in the Central American Land Bridge Early People in the Central American Land Bridge James Folta People have been living in Central and South America for many, many years now. How did ancient
Beginning of Man Stone Age Vocabulary
Beginning of Man Stone Age Vocabulary Paleolithic Era DEF: Old Stone Age CONNECT: Stone Age time tools were poorly made of stone Neolithic Era DEF: New Stone Age CONNECT: time tools were carefully made
NAME DATE CLASS. Paleolithic Sites in Europe and Southwest Asia GREECE. Crete EGYPT
Lesson 1 Hunter-Gatherers ESSENTIAL QUESTION How do people adapt to their environment? GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. What was life like during the Paleolithic Age? 2. How did people adapt to survive during the
CHAPTER ONE From Human Prehistory to the Early Civilizations
CHAPTER ONE From Human Prehistory to the Early Civilizations World Civilizations, The Global Experience AP* Edition, 5th Edition Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert *AP and Advanced Placement are registered
Student Handout #4: Era 3 Societies around the World. The Olmec:
Student Handout #4: Era 3 Societies around the World As you read about four different societies below, think about your claims related to empires from Student Handout #3. What are important features for
The amazing ginger mammoth: Ice Age creature killed by cavemen is found perfectly preserved after 10,000 years
The amazing ginger mammoth: Ice Age creature killed by cavemen is found perfectly preserved after 10,000 years First-ever 'ginger' mammoth Baby beast has wounds that could be from lions - or humans Well-preserved
Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations
Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations HUMAN P REHISTORY TO COMPLEX SOCIETIES ( C. 4 MILLION BCE 3500 BCE) Overview Prehistory: period before writing History: period after invention
100,000 BEFORE R T H N O
4.5 MYA 3000 BCE BEFORE The ancestors of modern humans (Homo sapiens) colonized Africa, Europe, and western Asia. LIFE IN THE FREEZER The last glaciation (colder period) of the Ice Age, when many areas
Hunters and Gatherers 8,000 to 500 B.C.
Archaic Tradition Page 9 Introduction Hunters and Gatherers 8,000 to 500 B.C. The Archaic tradition lasted for a very long time, the longest of any of the periods in Wisconsin. Even though it is the longest
24. Disrupting Homes 05/15/2017
24. Disrupting Homes 05/15/2017 EQ: Ecosystems change over time. How could disrupting an ecosystem affect the biotic and abiotic components in that ecosystem? This will be answered by the end of the lesson!