Variety Development and Implications for Australian Wheat Classes. Dr Bertus Jacobs LongReach Plant Breeders AGIC Asia 1 March 2016

Transcription

1 Variety Development and Implications for Australian Wheat Classes Dr Bertus Jacobs LongReach Plant Breeders AGIC Asia 1 March 2016

2 Introduction LongReach Plant Breeders Wheat Quality across the supply chain Wheat Classes in Australia and what is driving their functionality How do we know what to breed for Breeding for a specific wheat class

3 LongReach Plant Breeders LongReach Plant Breeders is a commercial wheat breeding business. Established in 2002 is currently a joint venture between Advanta and Syngenta. Develop wheat varieties for Australian domestic and export market. Target all production zones in the Australian wheat belt. LongReach understands the need for breeding programs to respond quickly to market signals. Use advanced technologies to meet market requirements.

4 Wheat Quality Across the Supply Chain

5 1. End Users & Customers Use supplied wheat Feedback about quality requirements

6 2. Market Information Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC) Collect information on grain quality, processing, market innovation Feedback to breeders

7 3. Breeders Develop new varieties Incorporate grower and enduser quality attributes Submit for Classification

8 4. Classification of varieties Wheat Quality Australia Asses new varieties against biological controls Classification based on end use functionality

9 5. Growers Deliver grain to receival centres Declare identity of variety on truck

10 6. Bulk Handlers Variety checked against the Variety Master list Each load tested for receival quality Segregated in relevant grades

11 7. Traders & Exporters Establish contract specifications according to GTA Wheat Standards Perform pre-shipment quality testing Sample and test shipment to contract specifications

12 Australian Wheat Classes Premium Hard Wheats Australian Prime Hard (APH) Australian Hard (AH) Australian Premium White APW) Multi-Purpose Wheats Australian Standard White (ASW) Speciality Wheats Australian Premium Durum (ADR) Australian Soft (ASFT) Australian Standard Noodle (ANW) Australian Premium Noodle (APNW)

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14 How do we know what to breed for? Guidelines are governed By Wheat Quality Australia Guidelines are set by Wheat Classification Council Classification given by Wheat Classification Panel

15 Breeding for a specific wheat class 7 step process Takes 6 years and longer Completed when a Final Classification is awarded

16 Year 1. Defining the Target Select parents Address all requirements for a successful variety, including yield, disease, agronomy and quality Quality gene combinations considered include: milling quality, protein and lipid composition Make the crosses - about 250 crosses annually

17 Year 2. Population Development Generate 15 to new breeding lines annually Use two systems: Doubled Haploid and Single Seed Descent Lines

18 Year 3. Field Observations & Quality All material planted in the field - about rows Selections based on Agronomy and Molecular markers First round of quality testing Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) NIR

19 Year 3. Field Observations & Quality MATID PPO TW GW Prot PSI MY L(Fl) b(fl) WA DDT EX RM 14LB LB LB LR LB LR LB LB LR LB LR LR LR LR LR LR LR LR

20 Year 4. First Year Yield and Quality Plant 5000 selections in single rep trials at 6 locations Asses for Yield, Agronomy, Disease Quality testing include Grain Milling (Quadromat) Flour Dough (Rheomixer)

21 Year 4. First Year Yield and Quality RI- RI- SAMPLE TW Scr GnWt FN PSI GP FP MY L(Fl) a(fl) b(fl) RI-WA RI-DDT Stability RI-Ex Rmax RI-Area TROJAN LPB LPB LPB LPB LPB LPB LPB LPB LPB LPB LPB SUNTOP

22 Year 5. Second Year Yield & Quality Plant 450 selections in replicated trials at 26 locations Asses for Yield, Agronomy, Disease Quality testing include Grain Milling (Buhler) Flour Dough End Products (3XBaking and YAN) Generate first year Classification Data

23 Year 6. Third Year Yield & Quality Plant 70 selections in replicated trials at 35 locations Asses for Yield, Agronomy, Disease Quality testing include Grain Milling (Buhler) Flour Dough End Products (3XBaking and YAN) Generate Second year Classification Data Submit for Preliminary Classification

24 Year 7. Fourth Year Yield and Quality Plant 25 selections in replicated trials at 35 locations Asses for Yield, Agronomy, Disease Quality testing include Grain Milling (Buhler) Flour Dough End Products (3XBaking and YAN) Generate Third year Classification Data Submit for Final Classification

25 Grain and Flour Data LINCD GREGORY JANZ LANG SUNTOP SUNVALE Physical Grain Test weight (kg/hl) Grain Weight (g) Hardness Grain Protein (11%mb) Falling Number (sec) Screenings (% by wt) Flour Flour Extraction (% by wt) Protein (14% mb) (%) Flour Ash (14% mb) (%) KJ Agtron brightness 546 nm % Agtron yellowness 436 nm % Flour Colour L Flour Colour a Flour Colour b Starch Damage Flour moisture Flour PasteViscosity RVA-PasteViscosity Visco Amylograph Flour swelling Volume ml/g

26 Dough & End-Products (Noodles) LINCD GREGORY JANZ LANG SUNTOP SUNVALE Dough Farinograph Farinograph Water Absorption Farinograph Dough Development Tim Farinograph Stability Farinograph Dough Break Down Extensograph Extensograph Extensibility (45min) Extensograph Maximum Resistance ( Extensograph Area (45min) End Products Yellow Alkaline Noodle YAN 0hr YAN 0hr YAN 0hr YAN 24hr YAN 24hr YAN 24hr YAN 24-0hr YAN 24-0hr YAN 24-0hr

27 End-products - Baking LINCD GREGORY JANZ LANG SUNTOP SUNVALE Straight Dough Mix Time (min.sec) Water absorption Loaf Vol Texture Structure Ext App Crumb Col L (Crumb) a (Crumb) b (Crumb) Total Score Rapid Dough Mix Time (min.sec) Water absorption Baking water absorption % Oven Spring Oven Spring Score Loaf Vol Avg Loaf Score (/30) External Appearance / Crumb Colour / Cell Distribution & Structure / Softness & Resilience / Crumb Crumb Crumb Total Score Sponge and Dough Baking Mix Time (min.sec) Water absorption Loaf Vol Avg Volume Score / Appearance / Texture Score / Crumb colour / Crumb Crumb Crumb Total Score /

28 Conclusion End Result is a Variety Release in Year 8 Very long and cumbersome process All start for us with feedback from Customer AEGIC WQA Classification Guidelines Breeders