Mike Waldvogel Department of Entomology North Carolina State University

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1 Mike Waldvogel Department of Entomology North Carolina State University

2 Occasional Invaders P phase 2

3 What are Occasional Invaders? Typical habitat is outdoors and not structural Arrival is unpredictable Problems range from simple nuisance to health or biocontamination to damage P phase 3

4 P phase 4

5 What are Occasional Invaders? Keeping them out is often difficult Getting them out is often more difficult P phase 5

6 Millipedes Most common species that invades buildings is the garden millipede Brownish-black in color and about 1 in length Millipedes have two pair of legs per body segment David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org Gary Alpert, Harvard University, Bugwood.org

7 Millipede Habitats Feed on damp and decaying organic matter Invade structures with hot dry or overly wet weather

8 Millipedes

9 Boxelder Bug Adult: black with red markings on wings and thorax Nymphs: red abdomen Overwinter as adults Emerge in spring Move to maples, boxelders and other hardwoods P phase 10

10 Boxelder Bug Move to maples, boxelders and other hardwoods. Lay eggs on tree trunks, branches, leaves, & siding P phase 11

11 Boxelder Bug Adults seek overwintering sites in the fall P phase 12

12 Boxelder Bugs P phase 13

13 Asian Lady Beetle Harmonia axyridis Adults about ¼ long Elytral pattern varies significantly

14 Introduced species Asian Lady Beetle Adults begin laying eggs on plants in early spring Eggs hatch in 3-5 days Larvae & adults feed on aphids and scale insects Alex Wild Photography

15 Asian Lady Beetle As temperatures decline in the fall, adults search for protected places to overwinter These locations tend to be the sunnier or warmer sides of buildings, or on exposed, light-colored buildings

16 Asian Lady Beetle On warm days, the beetles may become active and move towards light or bright surfaces They are often found on windows, light fixtures and ceilings

17 Asian Lady Beetle Beetles may stain fabric and painted surfaces if squashed Large numbers of beetles may trigger allergies and/or asthmatic reactions

18 Brown Marmorated Stink Bug First reported in PA in 1998 Description Adults slightly larger than ½ Color varies from brown to gray Bugwood.org

19 Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Biology Egg masses laid in midsummer Five nymphal stages New adults emerge late summer

20 Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Habits In the fall, the adults aggregate on and inside houses, sheds and other structures in search of an overwintering site The bugs emit a characteristic odor when crushed or disturbed

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22 Kudzu Bug - Adults 4 to 6 mm long (about 1 /6" - 1 /4 ") Oblong in shape Brown & olive-green speckles Scutellum width is 1.5x length; extends over abdomen Eger et al. (2010)

23 Kudzu Bug & Friends Susan Ellis, bugwood.org Scott Bauer, USDA-ARS, Bugwood.org Eger et al. (2010)

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25 Kudzu Bug Host Plants* Legumes Kudzu Wisteria Soybean Lablab bean Lima bean Mung bean Kidney bean Non-Legumes Composits (aster, daisy) Sweetpotato Cotton Chinese privet Potato Horsenettle Eger et al. 2010

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27 A (kudzu) Bug s Life Overwinter as adults in protected areas John Ruberson, University of Georgia

28 A (kudzu) Bug s Life Emerge in the spring with warmer temperatures and will often aggregate on bright surfaces Daniel R. Suiter, Univ. of Georgia

29 A (kudzu) Bug s Life Seek out host plants begin feeding Gerald Kirby, Supply, NC

30 A (kudzu) Bug s Life Lay eggs on host plants. New generation starts Gerald Kirby, Kirby Pest Control Supply, NC John Ruberson, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org

31 A (kudzu) Bug s Life Egg -> Adult takes 6-8 weeks (mid-june) Succeeding generation feed on kudzu and other hosts including soybeans Phillip Roberts, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org

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33 Medical Importance of Kudzu Bugs Michael Toews, University of Georgia David Goforth, NC Cooperative Extension

34 A (kudzu) Bug s Life Cool fall temperatures send adults searching for overwintering sites. Daniel R. Suiter, University of Georgia They re attracted to white/light colored surfaces

35 Occasional Invader Control Exclusion Targeted applications Tom Nishamura, BASF

36 Occasional Invader Problem Areas Non-residential sites particularly manufacturing

37 Occasional Invader Problem Areas Non-residential sites particularly manufacturing

38 Kudzu Bug Invasions

39 Asian Lady Beetle

40 Kudzu Bug Problem Areas

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43 Exclusion Occasional Invader Control