ENVELOPE MATERIALITY: LIGHT AND HEAVY IN WINERIES.

Transcription

1 ENVELOPE MATERIALITY: LIGHT AND HEAVY IN WINERIES. THE CASE OF SANTA ANA WINERY IN MENDOZA, ARGENTINA. CAROLINA GANEM Y HELENA COCH Architecture Energy and Environment Group, School of Architecture of Barcelona, UPC, Barcelona, Spain Human Environment and Housing Laboratory INCIHUSA CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina

2 Primitive wineries were caves, that is, an emptiness found or made in the compact solid ground.

3 When first on-the-ground wineries were built, the problem of interior temperature variations in wine production appeared.

4 As a consequence, energy consuming systems like serpentine pipes inside tanks control temperature during fermentation.

5 Santa Ana winery is located in the Province of Mendoza, Argentina, near the Andes Mountains (32º52 SL, 68º51 WL, 750m)

6 HEAVY WALL LIGHT WALL Earth Adobe Galvanized Steel Concrete Slabs r = Density (Kg/m 3 ) Cr = Specific Heat (J/Kg.K) l = Thermal Conductivity (W/m.K) e = Thickness(m) R = Thermal Resistance (m 2.K/W) U or Heat Transmittance (W/m 2.K) Two types of envelope materiality: one heavy and one light.

7 Therefore, the purpose of this work is to evaluate the existent envelope and to make recommendations to achieve a light/heavy equilibrium of the envelope, that could serve its purpose with a response from low energy architecture.

8 Interior exterior heat flux exchange Fouriers Law Equation Q = U * S * (Te Ti) Assumions: S = 100 m2 and DT (Te Ti) = 10 K Tendency: Heavy walls: Q = 1,630 W Heavy roofs: Q = 2,000 W Light walls: Q = 10,000,000 W Light roofs: Q = 700 W

9 Thermal inertia Eduardo Torroja Institut Equations (1) and (2) I = R*S 24 (1) and S 24 = 8.48*10-3 * (l *r *Cr) (2) Heavy Walls: Earth (1m thickness) I = Adobe (0.50 m thickness) I = Heavy Roofs: Arundo donax /earth (0.5 m thickness) I = Tile (0.05 m thickness) I = 6.32 Light Walls: Concrete Slabs (0.10 m thickness) I = 9.23 Galvanized Steel (0.005 thickness) I = 0.12 Light Roofs: Polyurethane Foam (0.03 m thickness) I = 4.59 Galvanized Steel (0.005 thickness) I = 0.12

10 Grape reception Unloading Conservation Breeding Critical control point 3 Milling Pneumatic press Critical control point 1 Preparation for bottling Reception tank Lees separation (pouring ) Filtration Lung tank Decanting Fermentation Decanting Critical control point 2 Filling - Coating Storage Critical control point 4 Critical control point 5 Malolactic Fermentation Labelling Flux diagram of the industrial process. Detection of environmental and energetic critical control points.

11 Critical control point 1: Grapes mean temperature at arrival: 26ºC Grapes temperature has to drop to 8ºC Milling / Pneumatic press mean air Tº: 31.5ºC Exterior mean air Tº: 35ºC

12 Critical control point 2: Grape s temperature has to be stabilized at: -5ºC Fermentation Metallic Tanks mean air Tº: 25ºC Exterior mean air Tº: 35ºC

13 Critical control point 3: Breeding Oak Barrels mean air Tº : 25ºC Exterior mean air Tº: 35ºC Mean air Tº needs to be 12ºC to 16ºC

14 Critical control point 3: Breeding Metallic Tanks mean air Tº: 26.5ºC Exterior: 35ºC Mean air Tº needs to be: 12ºC to 16ºC

15 Critical control point 4: Bottling (filling/coating) mean air Tº: 32ºC Exterior mean air Tº: 35ºC Without auxiliary energy use

16 Critical control point 5: Storage mean air Tº: 30ºC Exterior mean air Tº: 35ºC Without auxiliary energy use

17 Auxiliary energy requirements. All year: Breeding and bottling: B.T.U./hr 4 months: Fermentation ( l): B.T.U/hr

18 Envelope materiality: light and heavy in wineries. The case of Santa Ana winery, in Mendoza, Argentina. Heavy envelope: 8.5ºC to 10ºC bellow outside Tº Light envelope: 3ºC to 5ºC below outside Tº Neither respond to climatic regulations needs for wine production: Main air Tº needs to be 10ºC bellow the best measured temperature! ( B.T.U/hr per year).

19 Envelope materiality: light and heavy in wineries. The case of Santa Ana winery, in Mendoza, Argentina. Heavy envelope construction: to diminish undesired infiltration by windows and doors, as they are made from old wood and leave important renovations per hour.

20 Light envelope: continue building the concrete base (wider and longer) to increase thermal inertia. The light galvanized iron walls must be insulated as the roof to reduce energy flux exchanges. Human Environment and Housing Laboratory INCIHUSA CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina