Class: Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest MHs39

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1 Variety or Subspecies SOUTHERN MESIC MAPLE-BASSWOOD FOREST Species Author Variety or Subspecies Author 2 Rarity Status 3 Freq 4 Abund 5 Index Genus Species Common Name Canopy Trees (>10 m) Acer saccharum Marsh. Sugar maple Tilia americana L. Basswood Quercus rubra L. Northern red oak Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery elm Ulmus americana L. American elm Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch Ironwood Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Black ash Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K. Koch Bitternut hickory Pinus strobus L. White pine Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur oak Celtis occidentalis L. Hackberry Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Green ash Quercus alba L. White oak Acer negundo L. Box elder Prunus serotina Ehrh. Black cherry Juglans nigra L. Black walnut Understory Trees Acer saccharum Marsh. Sugar maple Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch Ironwood Tilia americana L. Basswood Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K. Koch Bitternut hickory Ulmus rubra Muhl. Slippery elm Celtis occidentalis L. Hackberry Ulmus americana L. American elm Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Black ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Green ash Quercus rubra L. Northern red oak Carpinus caroliniana ssp. virginiana Walt. (Marsh.) Furlow Blue beech Acer negundo L. Box elder

2 Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur oak Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking aspen Shrubs Ribes cynosbati L. Prickly gooseberry Sambucus racemosa L. Red-berried Elder Prunus virginiana L. Chokecherry Zanthoxylum americanum Mill. Prickly ash Cornus alternifolia L. f. Pagoda dogwood Ribes missouriense Nutt. Missouri gooseberry Staphylea trifolia L. Bladdernut Dirca palustris L. Leatherwood Prunus americana Marsh. Wild plum Sambucus canadensis L. Common Elder Ribes americanum Mill. Wild black currant Viburnum rafinesquianum Schultes Downy arrow-wood Viburnum lentago L. Nannyberry Cornus racemosa Lam. Gray dogwood Vines Parthenocissus spp. Virginia creeper Menispermum canadense L. Canada moonseed Vitis riparia Michx. Wild grape Smilax hispida Torr. Green-briar Celastrus scandens L. Climbing bittersweet Forbs Laportea canadensis (L.) Wedd. Wood-nettle Hydrophyllum virginianum L. Virginia waterleaf Erythronium albidum Nutt. White trout-lily Asarum canadense L. Wild ginger Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) Clarke Clayton's sweet cicely Galium aparine L. Cleavers Viola cm4 Violet Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. Dutchman's-breeches Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. Blue cohosh Thalictrum dioicum L. Early meadow-rue Anemone acutiloba (D.C.)Lawson Sharp-lobed hepatica

3 Uvularia grandiflora Sm. Yellow bellwort Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) O. Schwarz Cut-leaved toothwort Solidago flexicaulis L. Zig-zag goldenrod Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis L. (L.) Asch. & Magnus Canada enchanter's nightshade Allium tricoccum Ait. Wild leek Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf. Racemose false Solomon's-seal Phlox divaricata ssp. laphamii L. (Wood) Wherry Blue phlox Anemone quinquefolia var. bifolia L. Farw. Wood-anemone Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott Jack-in-the-pulpit Enemion biternatum (Raf.) False rue-anemone Phryma leptostachya L. Lopseed Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. Honewort Pilea spp. Clearweed Anemone americana (DC.)Hara Round-lobed hepatica Impatiens spp. Spotted touch-me-not Viola cm1 Violet Aplectrum hyemale (Willd.) Torr. Putty-root Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) Elliott Giant Solomon's-seal Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb. Large-flowered trillium Ranunculus abortivus L. Kidney-leaf buttercup Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh Hairy Solomon's-seal Smilax cmx. Carrion-flower Geum canadense Jacq. White avens Galium triflorum Michx. Three-flowered bedstraw Trillium cernuum L. Nodding trillium Sanicula gregaria Bickn. Gregarious black snakeroot Geranium maculatum L. Wild geranium Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. Hog-peanut Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. Anise-root Trillium flexipes Raf. Drooping trillium Mitella diphylla L. Two-leaved miterwort Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. Red baneberry Orchis spectabilis L. Showy orchis Sanicula marilandica L. Mariland black snakeroot

4 Claytonia virginica L. Virginia spring-beauty Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild sarsaparilla Aralia racemosa L. American spikenard Aster cordifolius L. Heart-leaved aster Prenanthes alba L. White rattlesnake-root Rudbeckia laciniata L. Goldenglow Ranunculus hispidus Michx. Hispid buttercup Cypripedium calceolus L. Yellow lady-slipper Galium concinnum T. & G. Elegant bedstraw Eupatorium rugosum Houtt. Common snakeroot Hackelia spp. Stickseed Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis L. (Ait.) Selander Stinging nettle Aquilegia canadensis L. Columbine Corallorhiza spp. Coralroot Sicyos angulatus L. Bur-cucumber Helianthus hirsutus Raf. Woodland sunflower Sanicula canadensis L. Canadian black snakeroot Geum aleppicum var. strictum Jacq. (Ait.) Fern. Yellow avens Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada mayflower Allium tricoccum var. burdickii Aiton Hanes. Burdick's leek Uvularia sessilifolia L. Pale bellwort Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wood Pointed-leaved tick-trefoil Campanula americana L. Tall bellflower Oxalis cmx. Wood-sorrel Monotropa uniflora L. Indian pipe Grasses, Rushes and Sedges Carex pedunculata Muhl. ex Willd. Long-stalked sedge Carex radiata (Wahlenb.) Small Stellate sedge Carex pensylvanica Lam. Pennsylvania sedge Carex blanda Dewey Charming sedge Carex sprengelii Spreng. Sprengel's sedge Carex hirtifolia Mack. Hairy-leaved sedge Carex albursina Sheld. White bear-sedge Elymus hystrix L. Bottlebrush grass

5 Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) Beauv. Bearded shorthusk Oryzopsis racemosa (Smith) Ricker Black-fruited rice-grass Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) E. Alexeev. Nodding fescue Carex amphibola var. turgida Steud. Fern. Ambiguous sedge Carex intumescens var. fernaldii Rudge Bailey Bladder sedge Carex peckii Howe Peck's sedge Carex deweyana Schwein. Dewey's sedge Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx. Mountain rice-grass Carex gracilescens Steudel. Necklace-sedge Carex gracillima Schwein. Graceful sedge Carex leptonervia Fern. Fine-nerved sedge Carex hitchcockiana Dewey Hitchcock's sedge Elymus villosus Muhl. Downy wild rye Ferns and Fern Allies Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. Rattlesnakefern Athyrium filix-femina var. angustum (L.) Roth Lady-fern Adiantum pedatum L. Maidenhair fern Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica (L.) Todaro (Willd.) Morton Ostrich-fern Botrychium multifidum (S. G. Gmel.) Rupr. Leathery grapefern Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. Bulblet bladder-fern Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. Fragile bladder-fern Cystopteris tenuis (Michx.) Desv. Macey's brittle fern Exotic Invasive Species - Do Not Plant Rhamnus cathartica L. Common buckthorn Taraxacum spp. Common dandelion Lonicera tatarica L. Tartarian honeysuckle Poa pratensis L. Kentucky bluegrass Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. Common burdock Leonurus cardiaca L. Lion's ear

6 State-Listed Rare Species - Do Not Plant Without a Permit Erythronium propullans Gray Minnesota dwarf trout lily E Juglans cinerea L. Butternut SC Panax quinquefolium L. American ginseng SC Trillium nivale Riddell Snow trillium SC See the report Species Lists for Terrestrial and Palustrine Native Plant Communities in East-central Minnesota for instructions for using these species lists 2 Rarity Status: State-listed rare species. E - Endangered, T - Threatened, SC - Special Concern 3 Frequency: Number of releve plots in which species occurs divided by total number of releve plots, multiplied by Abundance: Average percent cover of species within the community. It is most appropriate to interpret each value as a cover class similar to those used for original data collection (see text of report for more details) 5 Index of Commonness: Frequency multiplied by Abundance 57

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