,**0 ,**/ Kung Boe Havrevoll +33- ; Kung ; Morita +333 ;,*** ,**- ; Maatje +33- ;,**.

Transcription

1 + a *** /++,**0 +,1,** * /.* + /.*..*..* /.*..*,2..+/.* /.*,0.++,.3 /.*..* P*.*+ +..* /.* + +..* 11 (.) :/*3/+.,,**0 +, Kung , Boe Havrevoll +33- ; Kung ; Morita +333 ;,*** Maatje +33- ;,**.,** * /.*,**- ;,**/ +..* /.* + +..* /.* +, 2.. : a 30+2/++ : fax : *,.2,/-32, y*tanimtnlbc.go.jp 11. : /*3/+.,,**0 /*3

2 +0 +..* /.* +, 3 3 m2 m 1* + +/ 1+2, LELY, + * 2,*,* * +,* + + +,* 2 * CP,0 TDN+*,., +,** g CP,+ TDN11 - *./,**0 +..*..* /.* /.* + +..* /..* +/.3 +..* 1* +.* /.* +...* +/,2..* /.*.3 /.*..* 1* +.* +..* 2 /.* +*. 3 0 / t +32* 0,,, +, Table +. Nursing program of this experiment Period Early period Middle period Late period Treatment Days after introduction Nursing period (day) ,* +.,+.+,+., , +. Age (day) +.,2.3 /0 1* Milk replacer () -4/.4*.4*.4*,4*,4* +4* Milk replacer ().4* /4* /4*,4/,4/ +4* 11. : /*3/+.,,**0 /+*

3 +, /.*..*,2 /.*..* P*.*+..* /.*,+,2 -/..* /.* P*.*+..* /.* 2..* * /.*,* ,.-..* /.*,2..+/.*,0.++,.3. Table,. The frequency of human assistance to calves visiting the automatic milk replacer feeding system Treatment Days after introducing +, -,42*43,40*4/ MeanSD. No significance * Total 04*.4* 040.4*, + /.*.1, kg..*.*, kg P*.*+ Hotovy ; Machado,**0 +33/ Purcella Araveb +33+,**0 +,**0 + + Morita ,**- ;,**/ +..* /.* + /.* + Table -. Body weight and daily gain of calves Treatment Birth (kg) Body weight Weaning (kg) Daily gain (kg/day) Male calves,04+14,,/4./ *42+*41 *41.*4++ *413*4*3 Female calves,-42,4+,-41-4* 1*4. / *401*4*1 *40,*4*3 MeanSD. No significance. 11. : /*3/+.,,**0 /++

4 Fig. +. Change of the frequency per calf of rewarded (a), unrewarded (b) and total (ab) visits to automatic milk replacer feeding system. :..*, : /.* *P*.*/. Fig.,. Comparison of the milk replacer consumption. MeanSD., * +,* / * * 11. : /*3/+.,,**0 /+,

5 + /.* +..*..*,2..+/.* /.*,0.++,.3..* /.* /*1* kg, 1 +*,*** 1 1* +*,**0 +..* /.* -..* /.* /.*..* 1 kg, +..* /.* + +..* Boe K, Havrevoll O Cold housing and computer-controlled milk feeding for dairy calves : behaviour and performance. Animal Production, /1 : ,**/ + :,.-+. Hotovy SK, Johnson KA, Johnson DE, Carstens GE, Bourdon RM, Seidel GE Jr Variation among twin beef cattle in maintenance energy requirements. Journal of Animal Science, 03 : 3.* : +2/+22.,**0 2+ :,*,.. Kung L Jr, Demarco S, Siebenson LN, Joyner E, Haenlein GFW, Morris RM An evaluation of two management systems for rearing calves fed milk replacer. Journal of Dairy Science, 2* :,/,3,/--. Maatje K, Verhoe# J, Kremer WDJ, Cruijsen ALM, van den Ingh TS Automated feeding of milk replacer and health control of group-housed veal calves. Veterinary Record, +-- :,00,1*. Machado SA, Reichenbach HD, Weppert M, Wolf E, Goncalves PBD.,**0. The variability of ovum pick-up response and in vitro embryo production from monozygotic twin cows. Theriogenology, 0/ : /1-/2-. Morita S, Sugita S, Yamamoto M, Hoshiba S, Uemura T Behavioral investigation of group rearing calves in automatic milk replacer system. Animal Science Journal, 1* : /.,/.0.,***,/ : +-+1.,***,*** Purcella D, Araveb W Isolation vs. group rearing in monozygous twin heifer calves. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, -+ : +.1+/0.,** * : +*1++*1/. +332,- :,-, ,* : +./+/-.,**0 11 :,./,/+. +33/,2 : 1+3.,**. -3 : +, * : /*3/+.,,**0 /+-

6 Evaluation of Maximum Daily Amount Milk Replacer on Automatic Milk Replacer Feeding System Nursing Program in Identical Twins of Japanese Black Calves Yasuyuki TANIMOTO, Mizuno HADA, Atsushi TANIMURA, Michie ITO, Machi NARITA, Kouichi TSURUTA, Hajime YOSHIOKA + and Shinichi FUJIHARA + National Livestock Breeding Center Miyazaki Station, Kobayashi-shi 220***., Japan + National Livestock Breeding Center, Nishigo-mura, Fukushima-ken 30+2/++, Japan Corresponding : Yasuyuki TANIMOTO (fax : 2+ (*),.2,/-32,, y*tanimtnlbc.go.jp) The objective of this study was to evaluate maximum daily amount milk replacer on automatic milk replacer feeding system nursing programs by their e#ects on identical twins of Japanese Black calves. We designed two groups according to the maximum daily amount milk replacer, the..* group (..* /day) and the /.* group (/.* /day). The frequency of reward visits in the /.* group tended to be higher than that of calves in the..* group during the middle experimental period. The frequency of unrewarded visits to the automatic milk replacer feeding station in the..* group tended to be higher than that of the /.* group in the same period. The frequency of total visits (rewarded unrewarded) was no di#erent between the two groups. The frequency of human assistance to calves visiting the automatic milk replacer feeding station and the body weight at weaning were no di#erent between the groups, either. The consumption of milk replacer in the /.* group was significantly higher than that in the..* group (P*.*/). These results indicate that the nursing program of..* daily amount milk replacer was suitable for high nursing frequency in automatic milk replacer feeding system. Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho, 11 (.) :/*3/+.,,**0 Key words : Artificial nursing, Automatic milk replacer feeding system, Identical twins, Japanese Black calves, Utilization of facilities 11. : /*3/+.,,**0 /+.