Spring Wildflowers Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden

Transcription

1 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden aneberry - hite Actaea pachypoda (Flower cluster pyramidal, thick flower & fruit stalks) Amelanchier alnifolia Hepatica Flowers the same, some may be pinkish or bluish - the leaves are different Field Pussytoes aneberry-red Actaea rubra (Flower cluster rounded, flower and fruit stalks thin) Serviceberry-Saskatoon* sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Stems prostrate, erect only in flower, leaves wooly, flowers dioecious. Serviceberry-Saskatoon* Leaf teeth in the upper half, no hair at flowering, rounded tip Hepatica - Round-lobed Anemone americana L ild Calla Calla palustris (AKA ater Arum) aneberry-red Leaf of red & white baneberry similar. Flower clusters & fruit different Serviceberry - Downy* Amelanchier arborea (AKA Juneberry*-Downy) ood Anemone Anemone quinquefolia Toothwort - Cut-leaved Cardamine concatenata Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata Serviceberry - Downy* Leaf has fine teeth, bronze and hairy at flowering time, pointed tip ood Anemone Some flowers can be double with greener leaves Toothwort - Cut-leaved Stem leaf - 3 deep-lobed leaflets, appear to be 5 lobed 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Garlic Mustard Leaves with heart-shaped base, coarse teeth Hepatica - Sharp-lobed Anemone acutiloba Field Pussytoes Antennaria neglecta Toothwort - Two-leaved A Cardamine diphylla (AKA Crinkleroot) Page 1

2 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden Toothwort - Two-leaved A Stems have 2 leaves, opposite, 3 lobes, not deeply cut Dogwood - Red Osier* L Cornus sericea (Stems red Fall to Spring.) False Rue Anemone Flowers rise from leaf axils. Leaves 2-3 parted. Early Spring bloom. Strawberry - Virginia Virginia: Flower stalk shorter than leaves. Leaflets stalked. Tip tooth shorter sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Pennsylvania itter-cress Pennsylvania itter-cress L Cardamine pensylvanica L Terminal leaflet largest. Stem leaf shown. Lower leaf has wider leaflets. Dogwood - Red Osier* L Leaves opposite, entire, whitish beneath, fine hair on top. hite Trout Lily Erythronium albidum (AKA-hite Fawn Lily) Dame s Rocket - hite Hesperis matronalis (AKA Sweet Rocket) Dutchman s reeches Dicentra cucullaria Strawberry - oodland Fragaria vesca Dame s Rocket - hite Leaves alternate, lance shape, toothed. Flowers in loose terminal cluster. Virginia Spring eauty Claytonia virginica Dutchman s reeches Leaves basal, yellow-green, pinnately divided. Flowering scape above leaves. Strawberry - oodland Flower stalk above leaves. Leaflets often stalkless. Tip tooth broad Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. -SC Virginia Spring eauty Flowers in loose cluster. asal leaves long & narrow. One pair stem leaves. False Rue Anemone Enemion biternatum Strawberry - Virginia Fragaria virginiana Twinleaf -SC Leaf basal, long stalk, 2 opposite leaflets. Flowers on leafless scape. Page 2

3 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden Mountain Laurel* A Mountain Laurel* -plant Kalmia latifolia False Solomon s Seal ild Plum* Prunus americana (American Plum) Red Elderberry* A Kalmia latifolia Top section of plant, flowers at stem tip sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Flower cluster domed, leaf 5 7 leaflets, serrate. Leafs out before flowers open. L Twoleaf Miterwort Tatarian Honeysuckle* Lepidium densiflorum Mitella diphylla (AKA ishop's Cap) ild Plum* Leaves alternate, tapering tip, sharply toothed, sometimes double toothed. loodroot Pepper Grass Sanguinaria canadensis Twoleaf Miterwort Chokecherry* Prunus virginiana American laddernut* Staphylea trifolia Maianthemum racemosum Leaf - oblong, blunt tip, no stalk, < 1 long, fine hair Lonicera tatarica (Flowers white to pink) L Leaves mid-stem, 1 pair, almost stalkless, 3 to 5 lobes lunt-leaved Sandwort Moehringia lateriflora Chokecherry* Leaf oval, fine teeth, pale under, small glands on leaf stalk American laddernut* Leaf - 3 ovate shiny leaflets, fine teeth, lateral leaflets not stalked 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. False Solomon s Seal lunt-leaved Sandwort Red Elderberry* Sambucus racemosa Foamflower A Tiarella cordifolia (AKA Heartleaf Foamflower) Page 3

4 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden Foamflower A Leaves all basal, heart-shape base, 5 to 7 lobes, stalks have glandular hair Trillium -Large-flowered Trillium grandiflorum (AKA hite Trillium) annyberry* Canada Violet Trillium - odding Trillium cernuum Trillium -Large-flowered Largest flower of white trilliums, erect, facing outward. Pink with age. Leaf egg shaped, fine teeth, in opposite pairs, stalks reddish with small wings sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Viola canadensis (Yellow tinting at petal base) Highbush Cranberry* L Viburnum opulus var. americanum (AKA American Cranberrybush) Canada Violet Leaves basal & stem, heart shape base, veins patterned. asal on long stalks. Trillium - odding Flower nods beneath the 3 bracts. Green sepals reflexed backward. Trillium - Snow -SC Trillium nivale (Dwarf Trillium) Highbush Cranberry* L Leaf 3-lobed, coarse teeth, small stalked glands on leaf stalk Trillium - Drooping Trillium flexipes (AKA odding akerobin) Trillium - Snow -SC Smallest Trillium, sepals with purplish tones, bracts small and more narrow. European Cranberry* Trillium - Drooping Flower droops but remains above bracts. Green sepals partly reflexed. annyberry* Viburnum lentago European Cranberry* Viburnum opulus var. opulus Leaf 3-lobed, a few coarse (Flowers same as Highbush) teeth, small unstalked glands on leaf stalk L Marsh Marigold 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Caltha palustris (AKA Cowslip) Marsh Marigold L Leaves basal & stem, heart shaped, basal on long stalks. Soft hair under. Page 4

5 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden Eastern Leatherwood* Dirca palustris Kidneyleaf uttercup L Stem leaves have 3 to 5 lobes, usually stalkless. ood Poppy A Stylophorum diphyllum (AKA Celandine Poppy) Large-flowered ellwort Leaves pierced by stem, flower stem nods downward. Tepals twisted. sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Eastern Leatherwood* Yellow Trout Lily Leaves elliptic, alternate, short stalks, unfold after flowering. Erythronium americanum (AKA Dogtooth Violet) Swamp uttercup Swamp uttercup L L Ranunculus hispidus var. asal leaf the largest, 3 parts, nitidus each part divided. pper (AKA Hispid uttercup) leaves more simple ood Poppy A Leaves - rounded lobes, deeply divided, pinnatifid, most basal. Downy Yellow Violet Viola pubescens Trillium - Yellow A Trillium luteum (AKA Yellow akerobin) Downy Yellow Violet Flower solitary from upper leaf axil. Leaves basal and stem. Kidneyleaf uttercup L Ranunculus abortivus (AKA Littleleaf uttercup) Hooked Crowfoot L Ranunculus recurvatus (AKA listerwort) Trillium - Yellow Golden Alexanders Zizia aurea (AKA Golden Zizia) 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. L Hooked Crowfoot Lower Stem leaf A Flower pale yellow, stalkless, slight twist to petals, sepals reflex. Kidneyleaf uttercup L nique basal leaf. Kidney shape, long stalk. Large-flowered ellwort vularia grandiflora Golden Alexanders Leaves basal & stem, basal 2 or 3 times divided, long stalks. Page 5

6 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit 3-parted leaf, facing upward. Flower stalk separate beneath leaves. Sweet Fern* Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern* Leaves long, narrow lobed, gland dotted, plant monoecious. Female flower shown. Swamp Saxifrage L Micranthes pensylvanica (AKA Eastern Swamp Saxifrage) Swamp Saxifrage L Hairy lance-shaped leaves all basal. Flower stalk w/ glandular hair, to 3 ft. Common uckthorn* Rhamnus cathartica Common uckthorn* Leaf has marginal teeth. Flowers not stalked, in tight cluster Sumac - Fragrant* Rhus aromatica A Sumac - Fragrant* A Leaf has 3 stalked leaflets, variable in shape, aromatic when crushed American lack Currant* Ribes americanum (AKA ild lack Currant) American lack Currant* Leaf toothed lobes, main veins from base, underside with yellow glands Garden Currant* Ribes rubrum pright Carrion Flower Smilax ecirrata pright Carrion Flower Erect, no prickles, flowers in ball-like umbel from bracts on stem below leaves pright Carrion Flower Leaves on upper 1/2 to 2/3rds of stem, widely oval. Common Carrion Flower Smilax lasioneura Common Carrion Flower Flowers in long-stalked umbels from the leaf axils. erries same as pright. Common Carrion Flower Vining, no prickles, tendrils, leaves evenly distributed on stem Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 6

7 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden Early Meadow Rue Thalictrum dioicum (Flower anthers more yellowish) sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Veiny Meadow Rue Thalictrum venulosum (Flower anthers more purplish) Prickly-ash* Virginia aterleaf Leaves stalked, 3-7 lobes, larger have tip and base lobes separated. Jacob's-ladder Polemonium reptans (AKA Greek Valerian) Veiny Meadow Rue Leaves similar to Early Meadow Rue; consult reference for detail Caulophyllum thalictroides Virginia luebells Mertensia virginica (some plants have white flowers) Jacob's-ladder Plant under 20 inches high, frequently reclining. Leaf: 7-17 leaflets, smooth edges Virginia luebells lue Squill Scilla siberica lue Cohosh A Leaf -3 or 4 3-parted sections, each section with 3 parts (27 leaflets per leaf) Leaves basal & stem, elliptical, smooth, basal larger & floppy. Trillium - Yellow Trillium luteum (Some flowers more yellowgreen) lue Cohosh Leaves pinnate, 5-11 leaflets, twigs aromatic with prickles. ild lue Phlox Common Periwinkle Vinca minor (AKA Running Myrtle) 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Virginia aterleaf Hydrophyllum virginianum (AKA Eastern aterleaf) ild lue Phlox Leaves opposite, sparse, clasping, fine hair, no teeth. Creeping stems, leaves glossy, evergreen, flowers solitary. Phlox divaricata Prickly-ash* Zanthoxylum americanum (Thorns on twigs, seed capsules red) Common Periwinkle Page 7

8 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden Common lue Violet Viola sororia Asparagus Asparagus officinalis Shooting Star -E Flowering scape held above basal rosette of oblong leaves. Dame s Rocket - pink Leaves alternate, lance shape, toothed. Flowers in loose terminal cluster. sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Common lue Violet Leaves ovate to heart shape, rise from root on long stalks, form rosette. Flowers on separate sem. Asparagus Erythronium propullans (5 tepals only not 6) Foamy ells xheucherella tiarelloides Fumewort A Corydalis solida -E ild Geranium Geranium maculatum (AKA Spotted Geranium) Asarum canadense (AKA Canadian ild Ginger) Stem erect, branched, pseudo-leaves (cladophylis) tiny sticks on side branches. M Dwarf Trout Lily ild Ginger Foamy ells Garden hybrid with Foam Flower; more pinkish color; leaves all basal in a clump. Fumewort A Leaf pinnate, deeply cleft, dense, terminal lobe with crenations ild Geranium ild Ginger Leaves - 2 per plant, up to 6 wide, hairy stalks and underside; stem prostrate Climbing Honeysuckle* Lonicera dioica (AKA - Limber Honeysuckle) 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. -E Dodecatheon meadia (AKA Pride of Ohio) asal leaves palmately divided, 5-7 lobes. Pair small leaves on flower stem. Shooting Star Dame's Rocket -pink Hesperis matronalis (AKA Sweet Rocket) Rue Anemone Thalictrum thalictroides Page 8

9 Spring ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden Rue Anemone Flowers rise from stem, not from leaf axils. Leaf-like bracts directly under flowers. Trillium - Sweet etsy A Trillium cuneatum (Leaflet to 6 wide, flower to 3 high) Trillium - Prairie A Flower erect, petals not spreading, green sepals hang dowward. ild Columbine Leaves divided into 3-leaflet groups, each leaflet cleft at tips. sually blooming April & early May. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. Spring flowering time varies yearly. After the name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special ild Oats vularia sessilifolia (AKA Sissileleaf ellwort) Trillium: Sweet etsy A Sweet etsy & Toadshade have similar but different size leaves, no leaf stalks Trillium - Toadshade L A Trillium sessile (Leaflet to 3 wide, flower to 1.5 high) Prairie Smoke Geum triflorum (AKA Old Man s hiskers) ild Oats Leaves clasp, but don t pierce stem. Flower solitary, drooping, tepals flare at tip. Purple Trillium A Trillium erectum Skunk Cabbage L Symplocarpus foetidus (Early before leaf-out) A Flower facing outward, color variable, petals & sepals of equal length. Trillium - Toadshade L A Sweet etsy & Toadshade have similar but different size leaves, no leaf stalks. Prairie Smoke Purple Trillium Skunk Cabbage L Symplocarpus foetidus (During leaf-out) Trillium - Prairie A Trillium recurvatum ild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis (AKA Red Columbine) Geum triflorum (Seed head stage; flowers nodding before seeding) 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 9