Early Summer Wildflowers Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden

Transcription

1 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Yarrow Achillea millefolium Yarrow Leaves fern-like, alternate. Plant 8 to 40 high, astringent aroma. lack ugbane A Actaea racemosa (Cimicifuga racemosa) lack ugbane A Leaf 2-3 compound parts near base of stem, leaflets toothed. Flower stalk very tall. Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Leaves with heart-shaped base, coarse teeth ild Leek Allium tricoccum ild Leek Leaves disappear before flowers open Canada Anemone Anemone canadensis Canada Anemone pper stem leaves stalkless, basal look the same but long stalks. Spreading Dogbane Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane Leaves opposite, stems and stalks reddish in sun. Flowers resemble a bell. ndian Hemp Apocynum cannabinum (AKA American Dogbane) ndian Hemp Flowers at top of tall stem, branching only at top American Spikenard Aralia racemosa American Spikenard Flowers whitish-green. Leaves are twice compound, 2+ feet long and wide. American Spikenard Leaflets oval, heart-shape base, abrupt tip Great ndian Plantain -T Arnoglossum reniforme Great ndian Plantain -T Leaves palmate, large lobes, stem angled & purplish Poke Milkweed Asclepias exaltata 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 1

2 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Poke Milkweed Leaf opposite, dark green, up to 8 inches long. Poke Milkweed Plant tall, unbranched, flowers in drooping umbels from top of stem. horled Milkweed Asclepias verticillata horled Milkweed Leaves linear in whorls of 3 to 6, stalkless, ascending. Flowers in stalked umbel. hite False ndigo -T aptisia alba var. macrophylla (AKA ild hite ndigo) hite False ndigo -T Leaf 3-parted, leaflets not stalked. Flowers on tall spike above the leaves. Hoary Alyssum erteroa incana Hoary Alyssum Stem leaves linear with grayish down, no stalk. Flowers in rounded cluster. Smooth Rockcress -SC oechera laevigata Smooth Rockcress -SC Stem erect, stem leaves long, narrow, curling. asal leaves obovate. ew Jersey Tea* Ceanothus americanus ew Jersey Tea* Leaf elliptical, veins prominent. Flowers tiny, 5- parted, in rounded clusters. uttonbush* Cephalanthus occidentalis uttonbush* Leaves elliptical, smooth edge, abrupt tip, offset lateral veins. Mouse-ear Chickweed Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare Mouse-ear Chickweed Short plant. Leaves opposite, stalkled, fine hair. Flowers - 5 cleft petals. Chicory - hite type Cichorium intybus Chicory - hite type asal leaf long with sharp dentations, stalked. Chicory - hite type Stem leaves short, stalkless, clasping. Enchanter s ightshade Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis (roadleaf Enchanter s ) 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 2

3 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Enchanter s ightshade Leaves opposite, long stalks, shallow teeth. Flowers - long stalks, small, on tall spike. Virgin's ower Clematis virginiana (A sprawling vine) Virgin's ower Leaves 3-parted, opposite, leaf stalks twining. Flowers perfect or dioecious. astard Toadflax Comandra umbellata astard Toadflax Plant short, erect. Flowers in flattened clusters. Leaves alternate, smooth. Lily of Valley Convallaria majalis Dogwood - Gray* Cornus racemosa (Prefers less moist areas) Dogwood - Gray* Multi-stemmed shrub. Leaves opposite, no teeth, pale green underside. Dogwood - Red Osier* L Cornus sericea (Stems red Fall to Spring.) Dogwood - Red Osier* L Leaves opposite, entire, whitish beneath, fine hair on top. hite Prairie Clover Dalea candida hite Prairie Clover Leaves pinnate, 5-9 short leaflets, gland dots on underside ild Yamroot Dioscorea villosa ild Yamroot Twining stems, tiny dioecious flowers. pper stem leaves long-stalked. Fleabane - Annual Daisy Erigeron annuus (AKA Eastern Daisy Fleabane) Fleabane - Annual Daisy Leaf toothed, not clasping, stem hair standing out Fleabane - Annual Daisy Phyllaries in 2 to 3 series, sparsely hairy, sometimes glandular ray florets. Fleabane - Philadelphia Erigeron philadelphicus (AKA Common Fleabane) Fleabane - Philadelphia pper leaves clasping stem, stem hairy Fleabane - Philadelphia Phyllaries - 2 to 3 series, with or without fine hair, sometimes glandular ray florets Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 3

4 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Fleabane - Lesser Daisy Erigeron strigosus (AKA Prairie Fleabane) Fleabane - Lesser Daisy Phyllaries in 2 to 4 series with or without fine hair ray florets. Fleabane - Lesser Daisy leaf- few teeth, not clasping, stem hair close to stem Fringed lack indweed Fallopia cilinodis (Polygonum cilinoide) Fringed lack indweed Leaf well spaced, heartshape base, underside fine hair, long slender stalk Queen of the Meadow L Filipendula ulmaria Queen of the Meadow L Leaf pair of lateral leaflets, terminal leaflet has 3-7 lobes Strawberry - oodland Fragaria vesca Strawberry - oodland Flower stalk above leaves. Leaflets often stalkless. Tip tooth broad Strawberry - oodland Fragaria vesca (Seeds raised on the surface) Strawberry - Virginia Fragaria virginiana Strawberry - Virginia Virginia: Flower stalk shorter than leaves. Leaflets stalked. Tip tooth shorter Strawberry - Virginia Fragaria virginiana (Seeds embedded in pits) Galax Galax urceolata (AKA eetleweed) A Cleavers Galium aparine (AKA Stickywilly) Cleavers eak stems, few branches, fine hooks, flowers in leaf axils. Leaves whorl of 6 edstraw - Rough L Galium asprellum edstraw - Rough L Stem prickly on angles. Leaves whorl of 6, rough. Flw. cluster branched edstraw - orthern Galium boreale edstraw - orthern Many branches, flowers in showy branched terminal cluster. Leaves whorls of Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 4

5 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special edstraw - Shining Galium concinnum edstraw - Shining Leaves whorls of 6, rough edged, sharply pointed, many branches, sprawling edstraw - Threepetal L Galium trifidum (3 petals, leaves whorl of 4) edstraw - Fragrant Galium triflorum edstraw - Fragrant Leaves whorls of 6, vanilla odor, 3-flowered clusters. Stem nodes smooth hite Avens Geum canadense hite Avens Lower leaf 3 to 5 toothed leaflets. pper smaller, 3 leaflets or just 3 lobes Cow Parsnip L Heracleum maximum Cow Parsnip L Leaf 3-parted, toothed leaflets, forming a sheath at the base. Dame s Rocket - hite Hesperis matronalis (AKA Sweet Rocket) Dame s Rocket - hite Leaves alternate, lance shape, toothed. Flowers in loose terminal cluster. L interberry* lex verticillata (AKA lack Alder) interberry* L Leaves toothed, deep green, hairy under. Small flowers cluster in leaf axils. Cream Pea Lathyrus ochroleucus Cream Pea Leaf- 3 to 5+ pairs leaflets, tendril at tip, green before flowering Oxeye Daisy Leucanthemum vulgare ater Horehound L Lycopus americanus ater Horehound L Flowers in verticillasters on upper stem. Leaves opposite, deeply cut. L ugleweed Lycopus uniflorus ugleweed L Leaves elliptic, opposite, rotated 90 degrees. Flowers in verticillasters on stem Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 5

6 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special hite Sweet Clover Melilotus alba hite Sweet Clover Plants can be 1 to 5 feet tall, much branched hite Sweet Clover Leaf stalked, 3-parted, leaflets stalked, serrate edges, stipules at base. Canada Moonseed Menispermum canadense (AKA Common Moonseed) Canada Moonseed Leaf large, broad, ovate, shallowly lobed. Flowers small, bell-shaped. L ild Mint Mentha arvensis ild Mint L Leaves opposite, stalked, toothed. Flowers pink to white in verticillasters. ild Mint L Flowers vary from pink to white, long white hair in base of corolla throat. Partridge erry Mitchella repens Partridge erry Mitchella repens (Low growing plant. hite flowers seldom seen in the Garden) Twoleaf Miterwort L Mitella diphylla (AKA ishop's Cap) Twoleaf Miterwort L Leaves mid-stem, 1 pair, almost stalkless, 3 to 5 lobes lunt-leaved Sandwort Moehringia lateriflora lunt-leaved Sandwort Leaf - oblong, blunt tip, no stalk, < 1 long, fine hair Glade Mallow apaea dioica -T Glade Mallow -T Lower leaves have deeply cut lobes land Sweet Cicely Osmorhiza claytonii (AKA Hairy Sweet Cicely) land Sweet Cicely Leaf 2x divided, plant hairy, 4-7 flowers per umbel, styles shorter than petals Anise Root Osmorhiza longistylis (AKA Long-styled Sweet Cicely) Anise Root Leaf 2x pinnately divided, minor hair, 6-16 flowers per umbel, styles > petals 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 6

7 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Grass of Parnassus L Parnassia glauca Grass of Parnassus L Leaves all basal. Petals with green veins, sepals small and hidden ild Quinine -E Parthenium integrifolium (AKA American Feverfew) ild Quinine -E Tall plant, flowers in flattopped clusters. 5 tiny ray florets around center disc. ild Quinine -E pper leaves lance-shaped, alternate, toothed, stalkless. Lower stalked. Foxglove eardtongue A Penstemon digitalis (AKA Talus Slope Penstemon) Foxglove eardtongue A Leaf lance-shaped, fine teeth, shiny, stalkless; outer corolla and calyx with hair. Dotted Smartweed L Persicaria punctata (Polygonum punctatum) Dotted Smartweed L Erect to sprawling, leaves 8x long as wide, flowers in separated fascicles. inebark* L Physocarpus opulifolius (AKA Prairie inebark) inebark* L Leaf resembles maple leaf; lower ones have 3-5 lobes, upper more rounded Virginia Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia Mountain Mint Plant is 1-3 feet tall, small opposite lance-shaped leaves, sweetly aromatic Allegheny lackberry* Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny lackberry* Lower leaves - 5 longstalked leaflets. Glandular hair on leaf & flower stalks Dewberry* Rubus flagellaris (AKA orthern Dewberry) Dewberry* Short upland plant, usually prostrate, small stem prickles, leaf-3-parted. ild Red Raspberry* Rubus idaeus ild Red Raspberry* Leaf on new canes 5-7 lobed, on old canes 3-5 lobes. ew stems with fine glandular prickles. lack Raspberry* Rubus occidentalis 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 7

8 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special lack Raspberry* Leaf 3-parted on flowering stems, 5-part on new canes. o glandular hair anywhere Dwarf Red Raspberry L Rubus pubescens Dwarf Red Raspberry L Leaf with 3 parts, sharp teeth, long stalk. Short plant in moist areas Swamp lackberry L Rubus semisetosus (possibly R. setosus) Canada Elderberry* Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (AKA American lack Elderberry) Canada Elderberry* Leaf - 5 to 9 leaflets, serrate edge; flower cluster flattopped ouncing et - hite Saponaria officinalis (AKA Soapwort) ouncing et Leaves opposite, elongated ovals, smooth, wavy, 3-5 prominent veins lack ightshade Solanum nigrum lack ightshade Leaves ovate to diamond shape, dull, a few teeth that resemble lobes L Meadowsweet* Spiraea alba (AKA arrow-leaf Meadowsweet) Meadowsweet* L Top section of shrub, leaves lanceolate, toothed Long-leaved Chickweed Stellaria longifolia (AKA ater Chickweed) Long-leaved Chickweed Leaf and plant section olfberry* Symphoricarpos occidentalis olfberry* Leaf smooth, wavy edge, short green stalk, underside blue-green Foamflower A Tiarella cordifolia (AKA Heartleaf Foamflower) Foamflower A Leaves all basal, heartshape base, 5 to 7 lobes, stalks have glandular hair hite Clover Trifolium repens hite Clover Leaves 3-parted on long stalks. Light-color chevron may not be always visible 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 8

9 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Garden Valerian Valeriana officinalis Garden Valerian Leaves opposite, 7 to 25 leaflets, aromatic hite Vervain Verbena urticifolia hite Vervain Flowers tiny on spreading branches. Leaf lance-like, toothed, fine vein pattern Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's Root Leaves in a whorl of 3 to 7, widely spaced, usually hairless. Southern Arrowwood* A Viburnum dentatum Southern Arrowwood* A Leaves opposite, sharp coarse teeth, stalked, tips pointed to rounded. Swamp eggartick L idens connata (AKA Purple-stem eggartick) Swamp eggartick L Leaf toothed, lance-like some with winged stalks; lower may be 3-cleft Devil s eggartick L idens frondosa Devil s eggartick L Leaf in 3 to 5 lance-like leaflets, coarsely toothed; upper may be undivided Stiff Tickseed Coreopsis palmata (AKA Stiff Coreopsis) Stiff Tickseed -leaf Stem stiff; leaves opposite, stalkless, 3 elongated lobes that divide above the base arrowleaf Hawksbeard Crepis tectorum arrowleaf Hawksbeard Phyllaries , whitish pointed tips, bases keeled, hairy. arrowleaf Hawksbeard Stems angled, leaves narrow with auricles & teeth. asal long, narrow, with crenations. ush Honeysuckle* Diervilla lonicera (AKA orthern ush Honeysuckle) ush Honeysuckle* Leaves opposite, flowers in small panicle at stem tip. Some flowers pink Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 9

10 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Yellow Avens Geum aleppicum Yellow Avens Lower leaf with 2-6 pairs leaflets, sparsely hairy; upper smaller, fewer leaflets Stiff Sunflower Helianthus pauciflorus Stiff Sunflower Leaves opposite, lanceolate, ascending, widely spaced on stem. Disc florets reddish Stiff Sunflower Phyllaries 25-35, pointed, not spreading, margins with fine hair Smooth Oxeye Heliopsis helianthoides var. scraba Smooth Oxeye Stalked flowers from axils of stalked toothed leaves having rough surface hair Smooth Oxeye Phyllaries - 2 series, outer longer, inner broader, usually with fine hair Yellow Day Lily Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus St. Johnswort - Common Hypericum perforatum St. Johnswort - Common Shrubby branching stems, narrow leaves with dots, flower with 3 styles St. Johnswort - Great Hypericum pyramidatum St. Johnswort - Great Erect, 2-5 tall, flowers 1.5 to 2.3 wide, long stalked and usually solitary Yellow Flag ris L ris pseudacorus (AKA Pale Yellow ris) ild Lettuce Lactuca canadensis ild Lettuce Leaves vary from entire, toothed, to pinnately divided, but edges OT spiny Prickly Lettuce Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Leaf -prickles on edge and under on midrib, auricles clasping to stem Canada Lily Lilium canadense A Canada Lily A Flowers pendant on branched array. Leaves in whorls Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 10

11 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Fringed Loosestrife Lysimachia ciliata Fringed Loosestrife Leaves opposite - not in a whorl, lanceolate, fine hair on stem leaf node Moneywort Lysimachia nummularia (AKA Creeping Jenny) Moneywort Creeping plant. Flowers solitary from leaf axil. Leaves like twopence, horled Loosestrife -SC Lysimachia quadrifolia horled Loosestrife -SC Leaves in a whorl of 4 or 5. Fleshy red nectary in corolla Swamp Candles L Lysimachia terrestis (AKA Yellow Loosestrife) Swamp Candles L Leaf mostly stalkless, smooth, dotted Tufted Loosestrife L Lysimachia thyrsiflora Tufted Loosestrife L Flowers in thyrses, leaves opposite, surfaces dotted. etland plant. lack Medic Medicago lupulina Yellow Sweet Clover Meliotus officinalis Yellow Sweet Clover Leaf 3 parted, middle leaflet on longer stalk. Same leaf as hite Sweet Clover Prairie Sundrops A Oenothera pilosella (AKA Meadow Evening Primrose) Prairie Sundrops A Leaves opposite, short stalks, hairy both sides and margins Common Yellow Oxalis Oxalis stricta (Oxalis dillenii similar looking) Prairie Ragwort Packera plattensis Prairie Ragwort pland plant. Leaves with lobes or crenations. pper much smaller. Clammy Ground Cherry Physalis heterophylla Clammy Ground Cherry Leaves large, ovate, wavy margin teeth or entire. Densely hairy Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 11

12 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Cinquefoil - Silver Potentilla argentea Cinquefoil - Silver Flower petals same size as sepals. Leaf underside silvery from fine hairs. Cinquefoil - Rough-fruited Potentilla recta Cinquefoil - Rough-fruited ase leaves of 5-7 leaflets, upper 3 leaflets. Flowers pale yellow. Cinquefoil - Common Potentilla simplex Cinquefoil - Common asal leaf. Short plant, with decumbent stems which are reddish with age. Tall uttercup Ranunculus acris Tall uttercup Lower leaves divided into 3 to 7 parts with deep clefts. Skin irritant. Swamp uttercup L Ranunculus hispidus var. nitidus (AKA Hispid uttercup) Swamp uttercup L asal leaf the largest, 3 parts, each part divided. pper leaves more simple Long-headed Coneflower Ratibida columnifera (AKA Prairie Coneflower) Long-headed Coneflower Leaves alternate, stalked, 3 to 14 lobes, gland dotted. pper smaller. lack-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta lack-eyed Susan Leaf linear to spatula shape, rough white bristly hair, stalkless near top of stem lack-eyed Susan Phyllaries - 2 series, linear, quite long, very hairy, outer ones reflex Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium (AKA holeleaf Rosinweed) A Rosinweed A Leaves opposite, not surrounding the stem, upper & lower same size Rosinweed A Phyllaries in 2-3 series, pointed spreading tips, smooth or hairy. Common Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Common Dandelion Leaves all basal, long, pinnately divided, terminal lobe larger, stalk with wings 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 12

13 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Meadow Goatsbeard Tragopogon pratensis (Tragopogon lamottei) (AKA Yellow Goatsbeard) Meadow Goatsbeard The distinctive Tragopogon seed cluster Meadow Goatsbeard Leaves - upper short, clasping, lower long, backward curving. Meadow Goatsbeard Flower solitary, long stem, base at stem not enlarged prior to seeding. Common Mullein Verbascum thapsus Common Mullein Tall plant. Leaves velvety, arranged in spiral pattern; hooked hair on underside. Golden Alexanders Zizia aurea (AKA Golden Zizia) Golden Alexanders Leaves basal & stem, basal 2 or 3 times divided, long stalks. Thimbleweed Anemone cylindrica (o secondary bracts on flower stalk) Thimbleweed oth Thimbleweeds has similar basal and stem leaves. Thimbleweed -Tall Anemone virginiana (Secondary bracts on flower stalk) Thimbleweed -Tall Tall Thimbleweed has secondary bracts midway up on flower stalk ild Sarsaparilla Aralia nudicaulis ild Sarsaparilla sually 3 leaves of 3-5 leaflets each, flower stem separate from base ild Sarsaparilla Flowers in rounded umbels, usually 3, on separate leafless stem from the root. Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit 3-parted leaf, facing upward. Flower stalk separate beneath leaves. Canadian Milk Vetch Astragalus canadensis Canadian Milk Vetch Leaf compound, leaflets, smooth edges, pointed tips on leaflets Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 13

14 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Climbing ittersweet* Celastrus scandens (AKA American ittersweet) Climbing ittersweet* Leaves oval, smooth, sharp teeth Common Dodder Cuscuta gronovii (Parasitic - no leaves, several look-alike species) ater Horsetail L Equisetum fluviatile ater Horsetail L Ancient plant - sporeproducing strobilus atop an unbranched stem Leafy Spurge Euphorbia esula Leafy Spurge Leaves mostly linear to lanecolate; whorl of leaves under flower head Alumroot A Heuchera americana var. hirsuticaulius Alumroot A Tall plant. Stalked basal leaves only. Garden plant is a cross with H. richardsonii. ood ettle Laportea canadensis (AKA Canadian ood ettle) ood ettle Leaf alternate, long stalk, oval, coarse teeth, upper surface crinkled dark grn Common Plantain Plantago major Common Plantain Flowers tiny on spike. Leaves all basal in a rosette, some with red stalks, others green. Great Solomon s Seal Polygonatum biflorum (AKA Smooth Solomon s Seal) Great Solomon s Seal Stems arching, unbranched, flowers pendant, leaves stalkless. Sumac - Fragrant* A Rhus aromatica Sumac - Fragrant* A Leaf has 3 stalked leaflets, variable in shape, aromatic when crushed Sumac - Smooth* Rhus glabra Sumac - Smooth* Leaf - 11 to 31 leaflets, toothed edges; leaf rachis without hair Sumac - Smooth* Twigs smooth & spotted Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 14

15 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Sumac - Staghorn* Rhus hirta Sumac - Staghorn* Leaf leaflets, toothed edge, leaf rachis with hair Sumac - Staghorn* Twig with dense fine hair, not spotted. Thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus (AKA Flowering Raspberry) Thimbleberry o prickles, leaves large and maple-like Curly Dock Rumex crispus Curly Dock Leaves lance-shape, curly but smooth edge, dull green. roadleaf urweed L Sparganium eurycarpum Tall Meadow Rue Thalictrum dasycarpum (AKA Purple Meadow Rue) Tall Meadow Rue 3 to 5 tall, plant dioecious, flowers in compound panicle. Tall Meadow Rue Stem leaves sparse, stalkless, Hairy beneath, longer than wide. estern Poison vy Toxicodendron rydbergii (AKA Poison vy) estern Poison vy Leaf -3 leaflets, shiny dark green, bronze when new, leaves of 3, leave them be Hyssop - lue Giant Agastache foeniculum (AKA Anise Hyssop) Hyssop - lue Giant Leaf opposite, triangular; upper leaves more narrow. Anise scent when crushed Leadplant Amorpha canescens Leadplant Leaves pinnate, pairs leaflets with gray hair on underside. Eastern luestar A Amsonia tabernaemontana (AKA illow Amsonia) Eastern luestar A Leaves narrow and pointed, deep green Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 15

16 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special False lue ndigo A aptisia australis (AKA lue ild ndigo) False lue ndigo A Leaf tri-foliate, leaflets with blunt tip, smooth edges. Downy ood Mint A lephilia cilata Downy ood Mint A Leaf -upper lance-like, lower ovate, coarse teeth, hair on edge & under, aromatic Hairy ood Mint lephilia hirsuta (AKA Hoary ood Mint) Hairy ood Mint Leaf - More egg-shaped, few coarse teeth, hairy, long hair on stem ristly ellflower Campanula cervicaria (AKA ristly luebells) ristly ellflower Flowers in separated clusters, stem hairy; leaf narrow, wavy, hairy European ellflower Campanula rapunculoides (AKA Rampion ellflower) European ellflower Lower leaves heart-shaped, coarse teeth. pper leaves more lance-shape. Tall ellflower Campanulastrum americanum (AKA American ellflower) Tall ellflower pper leaves lance-shape, lower egg shape (shown); toothed edges, alternate, all below flowers. Chicory - lue Type Cichorium intybus Chicory - lue type asal leaf long with sharp dentations, stalked. Chicory - lue type Stem leaves short, stalkless, clasping. Fringed illowherb L Epilobium ciliatum ssp. glandulosum (American illowherb - leaves oval to lance-like) illowherb L Epilobium coloratum (Purpleleaf illowherb) illowherb L Leaf oblong, toothed edges, sometimes purplish in Autumn. Virginia aterleaf Hydrophyllum virginianum (AKA Eastern aterleaf) Virginia aterleaf Leaves stalked, 3-7 lobes, larger have tip and base lobes separated Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 16

17 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special L lue Flag ris ris versicolor ild Lupine Lupinus perennis ild Lupine Leaves divided into 7-11 leaflets, smooth edges, fine hair True Forget-me-not L Myosotis scorpioides True Forget-me-not L Leaves alternate, stalkless, one center vein, hair on margins. Silvery Scurf Pea Pediomelum argophyllum Silvery Scurf Pea Leaf -3 to 5 leaflets with whitish appressed hair ild lue Phlox Phlox divaricata ild lue Phlox Leaves opposite, sparse, clasping, fine hair, no teeth. Jacob's-ladder Polemonium reptans (AKA Greek Valerian) Jacob's-ladder Plant under 20 inches high, frequently reclining. Leaf: 7-17 leaflets, smooth edges Marsh Skullcap L Scutellaria galericulata Marsh Skullcap L Flowers mostly solidary from leaf axils. Leaves barely stalked Mad-dog Skullcap L Scutellaria lateriflora (lue Skullcap) Leaves Stalked. luejacket Tradescantia ohiensis (AKA Ohio Spiderwort) luejacket Plant erect, usually branched, leaves flat, sheath at stem lue Vervain Verbena hastata (AKA Swamp Vervain) lue Vervain Leaf lance-like, coarse teeth, underside with hair; lower have basal lobes Prairie irdsfoot Violet Viola pedatifida Prairie irdsfoot Violet Leaf pinnately divided. Flower has white patch in throat of lower petal 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 17

18 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special ild Garlic Allium canadense ild Garlic Flowering begins when pale sheath opens. ot all bulbils will flower. ild Garlic Leaves rise from stem base, are flat with a keel. ild Ginger Asarum canadense (AKA Canadian ild Ginger) ild Ginger Leaves - 2 per plant, up to 6 wide, hairy stalks and underside; stem prostrate Swamp Milkweed L Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed L Leaves stalkless to clasping, smooth. Flower umbels erect. Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed Leaves opposite, ovate, hairy under, prominent yellow center rib. mbels pendant. Spotted Knapweed Centaurea stoebe Fireweed Chamerion angustifolium Fireweed Stem erect, tall, leaves 5x long as wide, smooth, almost stalkless. Fireweed Leaf -lateral veins join a loop vein on leaf margin Thistle - Canada Cirsium arvense (Flower head to 1/2 wide) Thistle - Canada Deep indentations on leaf, hard needle-like prickles on margins Showy Lady's Slipper L Cypripedium reginae Showy Lady's Slipper L Flowers 1 to 3 on hairy stems. Leaves clasp stem - skin irritant. Purple Prairie Clover Dalea purpurea Purple Prairie Clover Leaves compound, odd # of leaflets, 3 to 9, smooth, gland dots Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 18

19 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Ticktrefoil-Point d-leaved Desmodium glutinosum Ticktrefoil-Point d-leaved Leaves in cluster on upper stem, 3-parted, leaflets oval, with pointed tip. ush Honeysuckle* Diervilla lonicera (Pink flowers occassionally) ush Honeysuckle* Leaves opposite, flowers in small panicle at stem tip. Most flowers yellow. Grecian Foxglove Digitalis lanata Grecian Foxglove Leaves linear, with hair near stem. Stem purplish. Queen of the Prairie L A Filipendula rubra Queen of the Prairie L A p to 7 separated lobed leaflets, reddish stem, tip leaflet with 7-9 lobes ild Geranium Geranium maculatum (AKA Spotted Geranium) ild Geranium asal leaves palmately divided, 5-7 lobes. Pair small leaves on flower stem. Dame's Rocket -pink Hesperis matronalis (AKA Sweet Rocket) Dame s Rocket - pink Leaves alternate, lance shape, toothed. Flowers in loose terminal cluster. Veiny Pea Lathyrus venosus (AKA Veiny Vetchling) Veiny Pea 2-lobed arrow-shaped stipule clasps stem Veiny Pea Leaf leaflets, subopposite position, with tendril at tip. Motherwort Leonurus cardiaca Motherwort Top section of plant, flowers in verticillasters with interspaced bracts. Motherwort Leaves- lower 5-lobed, middle 3-lobed, upper entire. Dark Green. L ild Mint Mentha arvensis ild Mint L Leaves opposite, stalked, toothed. Flowers pink to white in verticillasters Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 19

20 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special ild Four O'clock Mirabilis nyctaginea (AKA Heart-leaved Four O'clock) ild Four O'clock Leaves paired, oval, heartshape base; flowers above a star-shaped cup Purple ergamot A Monarda media Showy eardtongue Penstemon grandiflorus (AKA Large-flowered eardtongue) Showy eardtongue Leaves opposite, stalkless to clasping, thick, fleshy, bluishgreen waxy look. Downy Phlox Phlox pilosa Downy Phlox Leaves less than 1/2 wide, stems with fine whitish hair, flowers in branched clusters Prickly Rose* Rosa acicularlis Prickly Rose* Stems branched, densely prickled near base, fewer prickles on new growth. Prickly Rose* Flowers solitary on prior year side branches. Leaflets 5-8, may be stalked. Stipule w/2 turned teeth. Prairie ild Rose* Rosa arkansana Prairie ild Rose* 1-3 flowers on new growth in clusters, 9-11 leaflets, may be stalked. Stipule w/2 outward turned teeth. Prairie ild Rose* Multiple short stems, many lower stem prickles, little branching. Smooth Rose* Rosa blanda Smooth Rose* Flowers on new wood, solitary or 2 to 3; leaves 5-9 leaflets (usually 7 & stalked). Smooth Rose* Few stem prickles exc at base of old stems. Stipules w/elongated pointed teeth. Pasture Rose* Rosa carolina (AKA Carolina Rose) A Pasture Rose* A Glandular hair on sepals and flower stalks. Flowers solitary. Stems erect, not branched. Pasture Rose* A Leaflets 5 to 7(or 9), lateral leaflets not stalked. A few prickles at stem nodes. Climbing Rose* Rosa setigera (AKA llinois Rose) A 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 20

21 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Climbing Rose* A Flowers in clusters on new wood. Leaf of 3 shiny leaflets (sometimes 5). Climbing Rose* A Stems arching, vine-like, a few short stubby curved prickles, stipules reddish. ood s Rose* Rosa woodsii ood s Rose* Tallest wild rose, stems reddish, curved prickles (not dense). Flowers single or cluster of 2-3. ood s Rose* Leaflets 5-9 with or without stalks. Stipules very wide with toothed edge. ouncing et - Pink Saponaria officinalis (AKA Soapwort- Pink Flower) ouncing et Leaves opposite, elongated ovals, smooth, wavy, 3-5 prominent veins Climbing ightshade Solanum dulcamara (AKA ittersweet ightshade) Climbing ightshade Leaf: 1 large terminal lobe and 2 to 4 smaller lobes. Stalk forms a small wing. Climbing stem. Snowberry* Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry* Leaves opposite, simple, oval, blunt ends; flowers in cluster at twig tip racted Spiderwort Tradescantia bracteata racted Spiderwort 2 long green leaf-like bracts spread horizontal under flowers. Red clover Trifolium pratense Red clover Leaf 3-parted, blunt oval shape, hairy edges, lighter color chevron, large stipule Hoary Vervain Verbena stricta Hoary Vervain Leaf: sharp coarse teeth, short stalk, underside with fine whitish hair American Vetch Vicia americana American Vetch Leaf stipule pairs pointed with 3 sharp teeth in middle of each American Vetch Leaf leaflets, 1 to 3 branching tendrils at leaf tip Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 21

22 ildflowers Eloise utler ildflower Garden n bloom June 1st and mid-july. ot all bloom at same time. Alternate common names for plants are shown in ( ). oody plants have an *. After the scientific name is a code for Garden Location = pland, = oodland, = oth areas, L = etland. ext is a code for native status. = present in Minnesota at time of European settlement. A = native in other parts of orth America but not Minnesota. = introduced after European Settlement. SC = Minnesota special Eastern ahoo* Euonymus atropurpureus Eastern ahoo* Leggy shrub, flower clusters tiny, rising from the leaf axils; leaf oblong, fine teeth Lanceleaf Figwort Scrophularia lanceolata Lanceleaf Figwort Stems with flat sides, erect, flowers in open widely branched panicle. Lanceleaf Figwort Leaves stalked, lanceshaped, dbl-tooth margins, base never heart-shaped. ild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis (AKA Red Columbine) ild Columbine Leaves divided into 3-leaflet groups, each leaflet cleft at tips. ood Lily Lilium philadelphicum Horse Gentian Triosteum perfoliatum (AKA Late Horse Gentian) Horse Gentian Leaves egg shape, appear connected at stem. Flowers in leaf axils. Orange Day Lily Hemerocallis fulva Orange Hawkweed Hieracium aurantiacum Orange Hawkweed Leaves all basal, elongated, no lobes or teeth, very hairy. Flame Azalea* Rhododendron calendulaceum A Flame Azalea* Leaves elliptical, thick, leathery, dark green. A 2018 Friends of the ild Flower Garden, nc. Page 22