Some Aspects of Informal Food Economy in Nairobi City, Kenya

Transcription

1 Some Aspects of Informal Food Economy in Nairobi City, Kenya SAMUEL OWUOR Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of Nairobi International Conference on Urbanization, Food Systems and Sustainability in the Global South Waterloo Canada, 3-5 July, 8

2 1. Cape Town (South Africa) 2. Maputo (Mozambique) 3. Nairobi (Kenya) 4. Bangalore (India) 5. Nanjing (China) 6. Kingston (Jamaica) 7. Mexico City (Mexico) Random sample of 1,414 households In 24 administrative sub- Locations Spread over the 8 administrative Divisions April, 16

3 Normal (small) shops/grocer Supermarket Kiosk/corner store Designated CCN markets Street sellers/traders Rural agriculture Restaurants Designated fast food outlets Provided at school Shared meal with neighbours Relatives in other towns Provided at work Provided by neighbours Urban relatives Urban agriculture Livestock Online shopping Borrow food Food donation Household Food Sources Definition of informal food economy? % of households

4 Purchased Food Sources and Patronage Own Food Sources and Patronage Source of daily needs? Seasonality matters? At least five days a week At least once a At least once a At least once At least once a week month in six months year At least five days a week At least once a At least once a week month At least once in six months At least once a year Supermarket (n=1) Kiosk/Corner Store (n=971) Street Vendors (n=63) Own livestock (n=4) Own rural farm (n=42) Own urban farm (n=43) Given Food Sources and Patronage Donated Food Sources and Patronage 5 4 Social capital? 5 4 The last option? 3 3 At least five days a week At least once a At least once a At least once At least once a week month in six months year At least five days a week At least once a At least once a week month At least once in six months At least once a year Nairobi relatives (n=49) Relatives in other towns (n=5) Nairobi neighbour/friend (n=72) Church/organization (n=) Shared with neighbour (n=132) Borrowing (n=)

5 Household Food Purchases by Source Chips/French fries Sweets/chocolate Sour milk Fresh milk Eggs Pies/samosa Cooked fish Fresh fish Cooked chicken Fresh chicken Offal Cooked meat Fresh fruit Fresh/cooked vegetables Brown bread White bread % % % 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% % How diversified? Supermarket Informal market Kiosk Street trader

6 What does it mean when households depend on informal food sources?

7 Normal (small) shops/grocer Supermarket Kiosk/corner store Designated CCN markets Street sellers/traders Rural agriculture Restaurants Designated fast food outlets Provided at school Shared meal with neighbours Relatives in other towns Provided at work Provided by neighbours Urban relatives Urban agriculture Livestock Online shopping Borrow food Food donation A comparison of informal food sourcing and noninformal food sourcing households for lack of a better operationalization! % of households

8 Household Income (Last Month Excluding Loans) 3 <=,,1-19, 19,1-34, 34,1-75, 75,1+ Informal Food Sourcing Hhs (n=377) Non-Informal Food Food Sourcing Hhs (454) Household Food Insecurity Access Prevalence (HFIAP) Food secure Mildly food insecure access Moderately food insecure access Severely food insecure access Informal Food Sourcing Hhs (n=637) Non-Informal Food Food Sourcing Hhs (765)

9 Household Experiences of Inconsistent Access to Food Never Just once or twice Several times Many times Always Informal Food Sourcing Hhs (n=626) Non-Informal Food Food Sourcing Hhs (n=745) Going Without Certain Food Types Because of Food Price Never About once a month About once a week More than once a week but less than everyday of the week Informal Food Sourcing Hhs (n=638) Non-Informal Food Food Sourcing Hhs (759) Every day

10 Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning (MAHFP) Scores Number of months in a year that hhs reported no food shortages MAHFP Scores Informal Food Sourcing Hhs (n=638) Non-Informal Food Food Sourcing Hhs (776) Household Dietary Diversity (HDD) Scores No. of food groups Number of different food groups consumed Informal Food Sourcing Hhs (n=638) Non-Informal Food Food Sourcing Hhs (776)

11 THE CHOICE MAY DEPEND ON. Affordability? Variety? Flexibility? Nearness? Convenience? Credit facilities? Health risks? Freshness? Quality?

12 CONCLUSION These questions call for a detailed food retail survey in Nairobi