40. Hirtella punctillata Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 268 (1922)

Transcription

1 CHRYSOBALANACEAE (Hirtella) 39. Hirtella adderleyi Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 296 (1972) T: Venezuela: Amazonas, Río Orinoco, Sabana de Moyo, J.J.Wurdack & L.S.Adderley 43716; holo: NY; iso: US. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 311 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 227 (1989). Shrub, small. Branches tomentose when young. Leaves with stipules linear, to 5 mm long, pubescent, eglandular, persistent; petioles 1 2 mm long, tomentose, terete, eglandular; lamina elliptic, coriaceous, cm, bluntly acuminate at apex with acumen 2 4 mm long, rounded to subcordate at base, subconduplicate, with sparse appressed hairs beneath; midrib prominent on both surfaces, hirsute beneath; primary veins pairs, slightly prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescences terminal panicles 4 7 cm long; rachis and branches tomentose or puberulous. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, ovate, tomentose, persistent, with numerous stipitate glands. Receptacle campanulate, tomentose on exterior, glabrous within; pedicels c. 0.5 mm long. Calyx lobes acute, tomentose on exterior, puberulous within, eglandular or with glands on margins. Petals 5, pink, glabrous. Stamens 4 5, unilateral, with tooth-like staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far exserted. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Style glabrous except at base. Fruit ellipsoid; exocarp smooth, glabrous; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, hirsute within. Venezuela (Upper Orinoco region). 82: VEN. Savannas. Flowering June July. Map VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Dept. Atures, Río Ventuari, Cuberío Canaripó, O.Huber 2439 (NY, VEN); Amazonas, Dept. Atabapo, 10 km E of Carmelitas, Río Ventuari, O.Huber 3253 (NY, VEN); Amazonas, foot of Cerro Duida, O.Huber 6155 (VEN); Bolívar, Distr. Cedeño, E slopes of Cerro Calentura, J.Jangoux 1011 (NY). 40. Hirtella punctillata Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 268 (1922) T: Brazil North: Pará, Rio Xingu, Porto de Moz, A.Ducke MG16663; holo: MG; iso: K, NY, RB15044, US. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Venez. Guayana 4: 221 (1998). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 250 (1989). Tree to 20 m tall or shrub. Branches puberulous when young, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves with stipules c. 1 mm long, lanceolate, glabrous, eglandular, persistent; petioles 1 2 mm long, terete, eglandular, sparsely puberulous when young; lamina orbicular to oblong, coriaceous, cm, retuse to rounded or minutely mucronate at apex, rounded to subcordate at base; lower surface glabrous with frequent palisade glands; primary veins 5 7 pairs, prominulous on both surfaces; midrib prominulous above, prominent and sparsely appressedpubescent beneath. Inflorescences short terminal corymbose panicles 1 4 cm long; rachis and branches tomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, deltoid, acute, tomentellous, persistent, eglandular. Flowers 5 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, sparsely tomentellous on exterior, glabrous within except for retrorse hairs at throat; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes acute, sparsely tomentellous on exterior, grey-puberulous within. Petals 5, glabrous, pink. Stamens 5 6, unilateral with small filamentous staminodes opposite. Style hirsute up to 1 /3 its length. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, tomentose. Fruit ellipsoid; epicarp smooth, glabrous; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, densely hirsute within. Venezuela, Guianas, Colombia and E Amazonian Brazil. 82: GUY, SUR, VEN. 84: BZE (MA), BZN (AM, PA, RR). Common species of the Guayana Highland and the Upper Rio Negro in sandy savannas, open and low forest in sandstone areas, and open river margins. Flowering Aug. Nov. in the Guianas and Mar. Aug. in Amazonia. Map GUYANA: Sayaraimada Savanna, B.Maguire & D.B.Fanshawe (NY). SURINAME: Tafelberg, B.Maguire (A, F, K, NY, US). VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Dept. Atabapo, S of Río Matakuni, 50 km NE of confluence with Río Orinoco, O.Huber (K, MYF); Bolívar, Distr. Heres, Río Trueno, 20 km NE of Cerro Guaiquinima, O.Huber (MYF, NY). 84. BRAZIL NORTH: Amazonas, Mun. São Gabriel da Cachoeira, road to Cucuí, Serra de Maturacá, H.C. de Lima et al (K); Amazonas, Serra Aracá, G.T.Prance et al (INPA, NY); Amapá, Macapá, R.L.Fróes & G.Black (IAN); Pará, Tucuruí, F.E.Miranda et al. 407 (INPA); Roraima, Serra Tepequem, B.G.S.Ribeiro s.n. (IAN15278). BRAZIL NORTHEAST: Maranhão, Ribeirão Urupuchete, Fazenda Madeira, J.A.Ratter et al (E, K). 131

2 SPECIES PLANTARUM FLORA OF THE WORLD (2003) 41. Hirtella corymbosa Cham. & Schltdl., Linnaea 2: 545 (1827) T: Brazil: without locality, F.Sellow s.n.; holo: LE; iso: (fragments): BM (numbered 856), CGE, K, P. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 234 (1989). Shrub, low. Branches tomentellous when young, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves with stipules c. 1 mm long, ovate, tomentellous, eglandular, caducous; petioles mm long, terete, eglandular, sparsely tomentellous; lamina elliptic, coriaceous, cm, acute at apex, rounded to subcordate at base, glabrous beneath, with a few palisade glands towards base; primary veins 7 8 pairs, prominulous on both surfaces; midrib prominent on both surfaces, appressed-pubescent beneath. Inflorescences short terminal corymbose panicles to 3 mm long; rachis and branches sparsely tomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles 1 2 mm long, oblong-triangular, acute, puberulous, persistent, eglandular. Flowers 4 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, puberulous on exterior, glabrous within except for retrorse hairs at throat. Calyx lobes rounded to acute, puberulous on both surfaces. Petals 5, glabrous. Stamens 3 or 4, unilateral. Style glabrous except at base only. Ovary inserted near mouth of receptacle, pilose. Fruit ellipsoid (young fruit only seen); epicarp smooth, glabrous; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, bony, hirsute within. Eastern Brazil. 84: BZE (BA), BZL (ES). Open restinga with savannas. Map BRAZIL NORTHEAST: Bahia, Mun. de Nova Viçosa, Costa Atlântica, G.Hatschbach (MBM, NY); Bahia, Mun. de Mucurí, 7 km NW of Mucurí, S.A.Mori et al (CEPEC, NY). BRAZIL SOUTHEAST: Espírito Santo, Mun. de Linhares, Reserva CVRD, Estrada Paraju, D.Araújo 9509 (GUA), D.A.Folli 576 (K); Espírito Santo, Mun. de Conceição da Barra, Itaúnas, H.C. de Lima 2965 (K, RB). 42. Hirtella pendula Sol. ex Lam., Encycl. 3: 134 (1789) T: Antilles, A.Thouin, par W.Aiton s.n.; holo: P-JUSS; iso: W. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 248 (1989). Tree to 12 m tall. Branches tomentellous when young, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves with stipules linear, 2 4 mm long, puberulous, persistent, eglandular; petioles 2 4 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous; lamina oblong, membranous-chartaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 2 15 mm long, subcordate at base; lower surface glabrous or with a few appressed hairs when young, markedly papillose, with a few palisade glands towards base; primary veins 9 11 pairs, prominulous on both surfaces; midrib prominulous above, prominent and hirsute beneath. Inflorescences long, pendulous, sparsely branched terminal panicles cm long, with a long central rachis bearing small lateral branches; rachis and branches tomentellous to sparsely puberulous. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, lanceolate, tomentellous, subpersistent, eglandular. Flowers 5 7 mm long. Receptacle obliquely campanulate, short-tomentellous on exterior, glabrous within except at throat; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes rounded, tomentellous on both surfaces. Petals 5, glabrous. Stamens 3, unilateral with small teeth opposite; filaments glabrous, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute up to 1 /3 its length. Ovary inserted near mouth of receptacle, pilose. Fruit ellipsoid; epicarp smooth, glabrescent; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, fibrous, hirsute within. Lesser Antilles from Guadeloupe to St. Lucia. 81: LEE, WIN. Primary forest. Flowering Apr. July. Map LEEWARD ISLANDS: Guadeloupe, Bois de Sofaya de Deshaies, A.Duss 3255 (C, F, NY, US). WINDWARD ISLANDS: Martinique, A.Duss 1904 (NY, US); St. Lucia, Forestière, P.S.Beard 150 (GH, S, US); St. Lucia, Piton Flor, G.L.Webster et al (MICH). Fresh fruit are used as ear pendants for adornment in St. Lucia. 43. Hirtella barrosoi Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 298 (1972) T: Brazil Southeast: Rio de Janeiro, near Horto Florestal, Horto Florestal Rio de Janeiro RB136922; holo: NY; iso: RB. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 299 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 229 (1989). 132

3 CHRYSOBALANACEAE (Hirtella) Tree, small. Branches glabrous when young, lenticellate. Leaves with stipules c. 1.5 mm long, linear, eglandular, caducous; petioles 2 3 mm long, terete, eglandular, with sparse appressed pubescence; lamina lanceolate, coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 8 20 mm long, cuneate at base, with sparse appressed hairs beneath and few palisade glands; midrib prominulous above, glabrescent; primary veins pairs, slightly prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescences terminal and axillary panicles 3 6 mm long; rachis and branches sparsely pubescent. Bracts and bracteoles 1 2 mm long, acute, ovate, eglandular, persistent. Receptacle campanulate, sparsely puberulous on exterior, glabrous within except around throat; pedicels 1 2 mm long. Calyx lobes acute, sparsely puberulous on exterior, puberulous within. Stamens 3, unilateral; filaments glabrous, far exserted. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Style glabrous except at base. Fruit globose, cm diam.; exocarp smooth, glabrous; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, tomentellous within. Brazil, around Rio de Janeiro; known only from 2 collections. 84: BZL (RJ). Coastal forest. Flowering May, fruiting August. Map BRAZIL SOUTHEAST: Rio de Janeiro, Horto Florestal, Vitório s.n. (NY, RB136919). 44. Hirtella leonotis Pittier, Arb. Arbust. Venez.: 23 (1923) T: Venezuela: Distrito Federal, El Limón, A.Jahn 459; holo: VEN; iso: GH, NY, US. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 243 (1989). Shrub or small tree. Branches hispid when young, glabrescent. Leaves with stipules linear, tomentellous, 6 10 mm long, persistent, eglandular; petioles 3 5 mm long, terete, eglandular, hispid; lamina oblong, subcoriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 7 12 mm long, rounded at base, sparsely appressed-pubescent on venation beneath with palisade glands rare, papillose; primary veins pairs, plane above, prominulous beneath; midrib prominulous above, prominent and hirsute beneath. Inflorescences terminal and subterminal scarcely branched panicles or simply racemes, cm long; rachis and branches hispid-hirsute. Bracts and bracteoles 3 5 mm long, oblong, acute, hispid, persistent; margins bearing few sessile glands or eglandular. Flowers 7 8 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, hirsute on exterior, glabrous within except at throat; pedicels 3 6 mm long. Calyx lobes rounded to acute, hirsute on exterior, grey-puberulous within. Petals 5, glabrous. Stamens 3, unilateral, with small teeth opposite them; filaments glabrous, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute at base only. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, densely pilose. Fruit ovoid, c. 2 cm in diam.; exocarp densely tomentellous. Northern Colombia and Venezuela. 82: VEN. 83: CLM. Lowland rainforest and gallery forest. Map VENEZUELA: Distrito Federal, Cordillera de la Costa, NE of Guatire, W.Meier 3435 (K, VEN); Miranda, Cerros de Bachiller, above Quebrada Corozal, S of Santa Cruz, J.A.Steyermark & G.Davidse (VEN). 83. COLOMBIA: Antióquia, Mun. de Tarazá, 210 km NE of Medellín, R.Callejas & A.J.Bronstein (K, MO); Buenos Aires, 4 km from Providencio, Mun. de Anorí, D.D.Soejarto et al (MO). 45. Hirtella beckii Prance, Kew Bull. 54: 112 (1999) T: Bolivia: La Paz, Prov. Nor Yungas, Valley of Río Huarinillas, Juncupi, S.G.Beck 22624; holo: LPB; iso: K. Illustration: G.T.Prance, loc.cit.: 113. Map: G.T.Prance, loc.cit.: 106. Shrub 5 m tall. Branches tomentose when young. Leaves with stipules to 5 mm long, linear, caducous, axillary; petioles 4 5 mm long, terete, tomentose; lamina oblong, coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 5 10 mm long, subcuneate at base, glabrous above except midrib, sparsely hirsute beneath especially on venation; midrib plane and tomentellous above, prominent and tomentose beneath; primary veins pairs, plane above, prominulous beneath. Inflorescence of terminal and axillary scarcely branched panicles 8 13 cm long; rachis and branches brown-tomentose. Bracts and bracteoles 1 3 mm long, lanceolate, tomentose, persistent, eglandular or with few sessile glands obscured by pubescence. Flowers c. 5 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, tomentose on exterior, glabrous within except for 133

4 SPECIES PLANTARUM FLORA OF THE WORLD (2003) deflexed hairs at throat; pedicels 3 4 mm long, with 2 bracteoles, articulate. Calyx lobes rounded, tomentose on exterior, grey-puberulous within. Petals 5, glabrous, white. Stamens 3, unilateral with small toothed staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, purple, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute on lower 1 /2. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, densely pilose. Fruit not seen. Bolivia; known only from the type collection. 83: BOL. Beside a river in montane forest at 1400 m altitude. Map Hirtella mutisii Killip & Cuatrec., Fieldiana, Bot. 27(2): 112 (1951) T: Colombia: without locality, J.C.Mutis 3554; holo: US. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 246 (1989). Tree to 20 m tall. Branches tomentellous when young. Leaves with stipules linear, to 4 mm long, tomentellous, persistent, eglandular; petioles mm long, terete, tomentellous, eglandular; lamina oblong to oblong-ovate, subcoriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 5 10 mm long, rounded at base; lower surface papillose, sparsely hirsute, with a few palisade glands towards base; primary veins 9 13 pairs, plane above, prominulous beneath; midrib prominulous above, prominent beneath, tomentellous on both surfaces. Inflorescences scarcely branched panicles 3 8 cm long, with most branches bearing a single flower and 1 pair of bracts at junction of branch and pedicel (inflorescence thus appearing racemose), but a few branches bearing 2 flowers; rachis and branches hirsutuloustomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, oblong, acute, tomentellous, glabrous within except at throat; pedicels 2 5 mm long. Calyx lobes rounded, tomentellous on exterior, grey-puberulous within. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 3, unilateral, with short toothed staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute up to 1 /3 its length. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle. Fruit ovoid, c cm; exocarp yellow-brown tomentose. Central and S Colombia and in Ecuador. 83: CLM, ECU, PER. Primary forest. Flowering throughout the year. Map COLOMBIA: Chocó, Ríosucio, Río Truando, A.Arciria 103 (COL); Antióquia, Mun. de Turbo, Tapón del Darién, sector Río León-Lomas Aisladas, J.Brand & J.Lozano 821 (JAUM, MO); Mun. de San Luís, Parque Ecologico del Río Claro, A.Cogollo 783 (COL); Valle, Bajo Calima, Lijal-Gasolina, SSW of San Isidro, A.Gentry et al (K, MO); Nariño, Mun. de La Espriella, Estación Conif., Río Mira, H.León et al (NY, U). ECUADOR: Esmeraldas, San Lorenzo Cantón, Res. Etnica Awá, Centro Ricaurte, G.Tipaz et al (K, MO); El Oro, La Vega Rivera, SSE of Quebrada Don Bonavides, X.Cornejo & C.Bonifaz 3596 (GUAY, K); Los Ríos, Hacienda Clementina, Cerro Guineales, X.Cornejo & C.Bonifaz 4899 (GUAY, K); Guayas, 5 km S of Naranjal, G.Harling & L.Andersson (GB). PERU: Junín, San Ramon-La Provisora, T.D.Pennington & A.Daza (K). 47. Hirtella triandra Sw., Prodr. 51 (1788) Chrysobalanus triandra (Sw.) Morales, Anales Acad. Ci. Med. Habana 23: 390 (1887). T: West Indies, Herb. Swartz s.n.; holo S; iso: M. Tree to 15 m tall, usually smaller, or shrub. Branches pilose-tomentellous to puberulous when young, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves with stipules linear, 2 6 mm long, tomentellous, persistent, eglandular; petioles 1 3 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous to puberulous; lamina oblong to elliptic, subcoriaceous to membranous, cm, acuminate (very rarely acute) at apex with acumen 1 18 mm long, rounded to cuneate at base, papillose beneath, with a few stiff appressed hairs with few palisade glands; primary veins 5 13 pairs, plane or prominulous above; midrib prominulous above, prominent and hirsute beneath. Inflorescences terminal and axillary panicles, cm long, with most branches bearing more than 1 flower and more than 1 pair of bracts; rachis and branches usually shorttomentellous, less frequently shortly pilose-hispid. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, lanceolate to ovate, acute, persistent, eglandular, sometimes with numerous bracts along inflorescence branches. Receptacle campanulate, tomentellous on exterior, glabrous within except at throat; pedicels 1 3 mm long. Calyx lobes acute, puberulous on both surfaces. Petals 5, glabrous. Stamens 3, unilateral, with teeth or short filamentous staminodes 134

5 CHRYSOBALANACEAE (Hirtella) opposite; filaments glabrous, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute up to 1 /2 its length. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose-tomentose. Fruit ellipsoid; epicarp glabrescent or puberulous, less frequently tomentose, slightly longitudinally canaliculate when dry; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, hirsute within. Central Mexico through Central America and the Antilles to northern South America and SE Brazil. 1 Leaves with acumen 5 20 mm long; lamina 4 15 cm long, subcoriaceous; primary veins 9 13 pairs 1: Leaves with acumen 0.4 mm long; lamina cm long, often thickcoriaceous, most frequently with acute apices; primary veins 5 9 pairs 2 Leaves thick-coriaceous, with abrupt acumen; primary veins 7 9 pairs; inflorescence with a central rachis and small lateral branches 2: Leaves subcoriaceous, with acute apex; primary veins 5 7 pairs; inflorescence small, compact, and much branched 47a. Hirtella triandra Sw. subsp. triandra 47a. subsp. triandra 47b. subsp. punctulata 47c. subsp. media Hirtella americana Jacq., Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist.: 8, t. 8. (1763), nom. illeg. non L. (1753). T: Martinique: not seen. Hirtella cosmibuena Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 4(2): 114 (1797) ["1793"]; Hirtella peruviana Pers., Syn. Pl. 1: 250 (1805), nom. superfl. illeg.; Sphenista peruviana (Pers.) Raf., Sylva Tellur. 91 (1838), nom. superfl. illeg. T: Ecuador or Peru, J.Pavon s.n.; holo: not traced; iso: BM, F, MA; photo US. Hirtella racemosa Ruiz & Pavon, Fl. Peruv. 3: 5, t. 227 (1802), nom. illeg., non Lam. (1789). T: without locality, J.Pavon s.n.; holo: Zamzela racemosa Raf., Sylva Tellur. 90 (1838). T: Jamaica, Herb. Swartz s.n., not located. Hirtella paniculata Lam., Encycl. 3: 133 (1789), nom. illeg., non Sw. (1788). T: Antilles, Dupuis s.n.; holo: P-LAM. Hirtella castanea DC., Prodr. 2: 528 (1825). T: without locality, Plate 304 in A.L.P.P. de Candolle, Calques Fl. Mexique (1874). (accession number in the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation). Hirtella bracteata Mart. & Zucc., Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer Akad. Wiss. 1: 384 (1832). T: Brazil: Pará, C.F.P.Martius s.n.; holo: M; iso: BR, K. Hirtella jamaicensis Urb., Symb. Antill. 5: 355 (1908). T: Jamaica: Whitfield Hall Estate, W.Harris 5604, holo: B, destroyed; lecto: BM, designated here; isolecto: A, F, NY, US, Z. Hirtella multiflora Urb., Symb. Antill. 5: 356 (1908). T: Jamaica: Spanish River, W.Harris 5317; holo: B, destroyed; lecto: BM, designated here; isolecto: C, NY, P. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 258 (1989). Leaf lamina 4 15 cm long, subcoriaceous, with acumen 5 20 mm long; primary veins 9 13 pairs. Inflorescence little- to much branched. Central Mexico through Central America, the Greater and Lesser Antilles and N and W South America to Bolivia and Amazonian Brazil. 79: MXG, MXS, MXT. 80: BLZ, COS, GUA, NIC, PAN. 81: DOM, LEE, NLA, PUE, WIN. 82: FRG, GUY, SUR, VEN. 83: BOL, CLM, ECU, PER. 84: BZE (BA), BZL (ES, MG, RJ), BZN (AC, AM, PA, RO, RR). Occurring in a wide range of habitats, but most common in open forest, river margins, sea shores, and wooded slopes. Map MEXICO TROPICAL: Chiapas, near El Ocote, F.Miranda 7736 (MEXU, US). 80. BELIZE: Toledo, S Maya Mts., Bladen Nature Reserve, G.Davidse et al (K, MO). COSTA RICA: Puntarenas, Res. Biol. Carara, Estación Quebrada Bonita, E.Bello 2279 (INB, K, MO). 81. LEEWARD IS: Guadeloupe, above Bains Jaunes, R.A. & E.S.Howard (BM, NY). 82. VENEZUELA: Zúlia, Dept. Bolívar, between El Pensado and Las Tres Marías, G.S.Bunting 8725 (NY). 83. BOLIVIA: Dept. Santa Cruz, El Encanto Camp, near El Encanto Waterfall, A.Gentry & B.Mostacedo (K, MO). ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe, Nangaritza Cantón, Miazi, Rio Nangaritza, W.Palacios et al (K, MO, QCNE). 84. BRAZIL NORTH: Amazonas, Ilha Aramaçá, opposite Tabatinga, G.T.Prance et al (INPA, NY); Rondônia, Mun. de Costa Marques, Chapada dos Parecís, road P56, C.A. Cid Ferreira et al (BISH, INPA, NY). BRAZIL NORTHEAST: Bahia, Mun. de Ilhéus, Km 22 Ilhéus-Itabuna, J.L.Hage 564 (CEPEC, NY). 135

6 SPECIES PLANTARUM FLORA OF THE WORLD (2003) 47b. Hirtella triandra subsp. punctulata (Miq.) Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 306 (1972) Hirtella punctulata Miq., Linnaea 19: 439 (1847). T: Brazil Southeast: Rio de Janeiro, P.Claussen 2056; holo: G; iso: W, Z. Hirtella hevanda Mart. ex Colla, Herb. Pedem. 2: 289 (1834). T: Brazil, C.F.P.Martius s.n.; holo: TO; iso: BM. Hirtella elliptica C.Presl, Symb. Bot. 2: 23 (1834). T: Brazil Southeast: Rio de Janeiro, Herb. Presl s.n.; holo: PRC. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 259 (1989). Leaf lamina cm long, thickly coriaceous, with a short abrupt acumen 1 4 mm long; primary veins 7 9 pairs. Inflorescence with a central rachis bearing small lateral branches. Eastern Brazil. 84: BZE (BA), BZL (ES, MG, RJ). Wooded slopes and coastal forest. Flowering July Jan. Map BRAZIL NORTHEAST: Bahia, Km 10 road Nova Viçosa Posto da Mata, R.S.Pinheiro 2120 (NY). BRAZIL SOUTHEAST: Espírito Santo, Reserva Soretama, D.Sucre 5730 (RB); Rio de Janeiro, Grumari, R.C.Affonso 3 (GUA, K); Rio de Janeiro, Mun. de Campos, Estrada São João Lagoa de Campelo, D.Araújo 4536 (GUA, NY, US); Rio de Janeiro, Restinga de Jacarepaguá, Léo s.n. (GUA8557, K); Rio de Janeiro, Bom Jesus de Itabapoana, near Carabuçu, M.Rosa 74 (NY); Minas Gerais, without locality, G.H. von Langsdorff s.n. (C). 47c. Hirtella triandra subsp. media (Standl.) Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 307 (1972) Hirtella media Standl., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 9 (1943). Wispernini Camp, C. & W. von Hagen 1378; holo: F; iso: NY. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 259 (1989). T: Honduras: Colon, Guarunta, Leaf lamina cm long, subcoriaceous, acute at apex; primary veins 5 7 pairs. Inflorescence small, compact, and much branched. Southern Mexico to Panama. 79: MXC, MXG, MXS, MXT. 80: COS, HON, NIC, PAN. Primary forest. Map MEXICO CENTRAL: Puebla, Mun. de Hueytamalco, Puente de Palo, F.Ventura A (WIS). MEXICO TROPICAL: Tabasco, Km 31, Huimaguillo-Colonia Agricola El Aguila, Chavelas P. et al. ES2144 (ENCB). MEXICO GULF: Veracruz, Mun. de Soteapan, Sierra de Santa Marta near Ocotal Chico, J.H.Beaman 6263 (F, NY). 80. COSTA RICA: Heredia, P. N. Braulio Carrillo, Estación Magsasy, Sarapiquí, R.Aguilar 131 (K, MO); Limón, Res. Indigena Talamanca, between Amubri and Cachabri, A.Chacón 4 (CR, K, MO). NICARAGUA: Zelaya, S of Río Wawa, 60 km NW of Puerto Cabezas, E.L.Little (MO); Rio San Juan, 2 km NW of Río Santa Cruz, La Palma, R.P.Moreno (MO, NY). PANAMA: Bocas del Toro, La Fortuna, B.Hammel et al (MO). 48. Hirtella bahiensis Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 307 (1972) T: Brazil Northeast: Bahia, Santa Cruz Cabrália, R.P.Belém & R.S.Pinheiro 2756; holo: NY; iso: RB, UB. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 241 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 229 (1989). Tree, medium sized. Branches puberulous when young, glabrescent, lenticellate. Leaves with stipules c. 1 mm long, puberulous, persistent, eglandular; petioles 1 2 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous when young, soon becoming glabrous; lamina oblong to oblong-elliptic, cm, rounded or acute at apex, cuneate at base, glabrous above, glabrous or with few appressed hairs beneath; midrib prominent above, prominent and glabrescent beneath; primary veins 4 7 pairs, plane above, slightly prominent beneath. Inflorescences terminal and axillary panicles 5 10 cm long; rachis and branches sparsely tomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, ovate, acute, persistent, tomentellous, with stipitate glands on margin. Receptacle campanulate, tomentellous on exterior, glabrous within towards base; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes acute, puberulous on both surfaces, eglandular. Petals 5, glabrous. Stamens 3, unilateral with 4 5 staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far exserted. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Style hirsute. Fruit ellipsoid; exocarp puberulous soon becoming glabrous; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, longitudinally canaliculate, hirsute within. 136

7 CHRYSOBALANACEAE (Hirtella) Eastern Brazil. 84: BZE (BA), BZL (ES). Coastal forests. Flowering Oct. Feb. Map BRAZIL NORTHEAST: Bahia, Cairú, Ilha Morro de São Paulo, R.M.Harley (HUEFS, K); Bahia, Caitité, L.R.Noblick & Clodoaldo 3773 (CEPEC, K); Bahia, Santa Cruz de Cabrália, S.A.Mori et al (CEPEC, NY, RB); Bahia, Mun. de Porto Seguro, km 6 7 Arraial D'Ajuda-Trancoso, S.C.Sant'Ana 84 (CEPEC, K, NY). BRAZIL SOUTHEAST: Espírito Santo, R. F. Linhares, I.A.Silva 30 (INPA). 49. Hirtella latifolia Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 308 (1972) T: Panama: Prov. Panama, Cerro Jefe, J.A.Duke 8012; holo: MO; iso: MICH. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 282 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 243 (1989). Tree, medium sized. Branches tomentellous when young, glabrescent. Leaves with stipules lanceolate, eglandular, persistent, puberulous; petioles 2 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous; lamina ovate-elliptic, coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 3 6 mm long, rounded at base, hirsute on midrib and venation beneath; midrib prominulous and tomentellous above, prominent beneath; primary veins pairs, plane above, prominent beneath. Inflorescences terminal panicles 6 12 cm long; rachis and branches tomentellous, with rachis thick. Bracts and bracteoles ovate, numerous, persistent, tomentellous, eglandular. Flowers c. 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, tomentellous on exterior, glabrous towards base within; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes acute or rounded, tomentellous on both surfaces. Petals 5, glabrous. Stamens 3, unilateral; filaments glabrous, far exserted. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Style hirsute on basal part. Fruit ellipsoid, cm, sericeous. Panama, Colombia and Ecuador. 80: PAN. 83: CLM, ECU. Terra firme forest. Map PANAMA: Colón, 15 km E of Colón, R.L.Dressler & W.H.Lewis 3736 (BM, MO, NY); Panamá, Cerro Jefe, La Eneida, R.L.Dressler 3322 (MO); San Blas, Río Diablo below Sitio Sorgog, H.Herrera et al (K, MO). 83. COLOMBIA: Chocó, Quebrada Sansoré, C.Barbosa 6546 (K, MO); Chocó, Mun. de Pizarro, km Pié de Pepé Puerto Meluk, J.Espina 1883 (K, MO). ECUADOR: Esmeraldas, San Lorenzo Cantón, Ricaurte, Res. Indígena Awá, G.Tipaz et al (K, MO, QCNE); Mataje, Awá Reserve, A.Ortiz 42 (K, MO). 50. Hirtella suffulta Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 308 (1972) T: Brazil North: Pará, Pirelli Forest near Belém, J.M.Pires 6943; holo: IAN; iso: NY, UB. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 299 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 256 (1989). Tree, medium to large-sized. Branches puberulous when young, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves with stipules deltoid, 2 3 mm long, persistent, eglandular; petioles 6 10 mm long, terete, eglandular, sparsely appressed-pubescent; lamina subcoriaceous, oblong, cm, abruptly acuminate at apex with acumen 2 10 mm long, subcuneate to cuneate at base, glabrous beneath or with a few stiff appressed hairs only, eglandular; primary vein prominulous above, prominent and with stiff appressed hairs beneath; primary veins 8 or 9 pairs, plane above, prominent beneath. Inflorescences terminal and subterminal panicles; branches short and with densely crowded flowers; rachis and branches sparsely puberulous. Bracts and bracteoles 3 6 mm long, persistent, enclosing buds in small groups, membranous, sparsely pubescent, eglandular or with apex terminating in a single gland; pedicels c. 0.5 mm long. Flowers 5 6 mm long; receptacle campanulate, puberulous outside, glabrous within except for deflexed hairs at throat; calyx lobes acute, eglandular, sparsely puberulous outside, tomentellous within. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 5 6, unilateral; filaments glabrous, far exserted; ovary pilose; style hirsute. Fruit when young ellipsoid; exocarp smooth and glabrous; mesocarp fleshy, thin; endocarp thin, hard, bony, hirsute within. French Guiana and N Brazil. 82: FRG. 84: BZN (AM, PA). Non-flooded forest. Flowering July. Map FRENCH GUIANA: R. Approuague, Arataye, S.Barrier 3863 (B, COL, IAN, K, MO, NY, US); Monts La Fumée, Saül, S.A.Mori & B.Boom (CAY, NY). 84. BRAZIL NORTH: Amazonas, N of Manaus, Distrito Agropecuário, Reserva 1501, S.A.Mori et al (INPA, K, NY); Pará, Mun. de Oriximiná, Rio Mapuera, near Cachoeira Marçal, C.A. Cid Ferrreira et al (INPA, K, NY); Pará, Belém, Pirelli Forest, J.M.Pires 6813 (IAN). 137

8 SPECIES PLANTARUM FLORA OF THE WORLD (2003) 51. Hirtella elongata Mart. & Zucc., Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 384 (1832) T: Brazil North: Amazonas, Rio Solimões, near Tefé or Coari, C.F.P.Martius s.n.; holo: M; iso: BR, K, M. Illustration: J.D.Hooker, in C.F.P. Martius, Fl. Bras. 14(2), t. 11(2) (1867). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 236 (1989). Tree to 12 m tall or shrub. Branches puberulous when young, becoming glabrous and lenticellate with age. Leaves with stipules linear-lanceolate, to 7 mm long, caducous, eglandular; petioles 3 4 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous; lamina elliptic to oblong-elliptic, subcoriaceous, cm, abruptly acuminate at apex with acumen 3 15 mm long, usually subcordate at base, less frequently rounded, hirsute beneath along principal venation only, with a few palisade glands towards base; primary veins pairs, plane above, prominent beneath; midrib plane or nearly so and pubescent above, prominent and hirsute beneath. Inflorescences terminal panicles, cm long, with a long central rachis and many short few-flowered lateral branches; rachis and branches short-puberulous to glabrescent. Bracts and bracteoles 2 5 mm long, often numerous on lateral branches, lanceolate to deltoid, persistent, eglandular, puberulous. Flowers 5 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, puberulous on exterior, glabrous within except at throat. Calyx lobes acute, puberulous on both surfaces. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 6 7, unilateral; filaments far exceeding calyx lobes, glabrous. Style glabrous except at base. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose-tomentose. Fruit oblong; epicarp smooth, glabrous; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, hirsutulous within. Venezuela and W Amazonia. 82: VEN. 83: CLM, ECU, PER. 84: BZN (AC, AM). River banks and riverine forest. Flowering throughout the year. Map VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Dept. Atures, Río Cataniapo, near San Pedro de Cataniapo, F.Guanchez 409 (MYF, NY); Apure, Distr. Pedro Camejo, E side of Galeras de Cinaruco, 53 km NE of Puerto Páez, G.Davidse & A.C.González (MO, NY). 83. COLOMBIA: Vaupés, La Jirisa, alto Río Vaupés, G.Gutiérrez & R.E.Schultes 560A (COL); Vichada, 3 km SE of Masaguaro, F.J.Hermann (US); Guaviare, Mun. de San José del Guaviare, confluence of Caño Perdido & Río Losada, O.Maralanda & S.Márquez 1867 (MO). ECUADOR: Napo, Aguarico Cantón, Res. Faunística Cuyabeno, Laguna Zancudo Cocha, W.Palacios et al (K, MO, QCNE); Sucumbios, Lago Agrio Cantón, Río Lagarto, W.Palacios et al (K, MO, QCNE). PERU: Loreto, Prov. Maynas, Indiana, Yanamomo-Explorama Lodge, R.Vásquez & N.Jaramillo 9142 (K, MO). 84. BRAZIL NORTH: Acre, Porangaba, Rio Juruá-mirim, P.J.M.Maas et al (INPA, NY); Amazonas, Tefé, Vila Nogueira, Lago Tefé, I.L.Amaral et al. 39 (INPA, NY). 52. Hirtella magnifolia Prance, Acta Amazon. 8: 585 (1979) T: Brazil North: Amazonas, Rio Javari, Estirão do Ecuador, G.T.Prance, R.J.Hill, T.D.Pennington & J.M.Ramos ; holo: INPA; iso: FHO, MG, MO, NY, US. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Acta Amazon. 8: 586 (1979). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 245 (1989). Tree to 10 m tall. Branches shortly tomentellous when young, becoming glabrous and conspicuously lenticellate with age. Leaves with stipules early caducous (not seen); petioles 5 9 mm long, mm thick, tomentellous, eglandular, terete; lamina oblong-elliptic, chartaceous, cm, rounded at base, abruptly acuminate at apex with acumen 7 13 mm long, curved, glabrous above, with a few stiff appressed hairs beneath on venation, with 2 glands at junction of upper surface of lamina and the petioles; primary veins pairs, prominent beneath, prominulous above; midrib prominent beneath, prominulous above, tomentellous on both surfaces. Inflorescences terminal panicles with a long central rachis cm long and many short few-flowered lateral primary branches; rachis and branches rufous-tomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles ovate, persistent, grey-brown-tomentellous on both surfaces, eglandular. Flowers 5 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, tomentellous on exterior, glabrous within except for sparsely pilose area around throat; pedicels 1 2 mm long, tomentellous. Calyx lobes 5, acute, grey-tomentellous on both surfaces. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 5 7, unilateral with toothed portion of ring opposite; filaments far exceeding calyx lobes. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Style glabrous. Fruit not seen. 138

9 CHRYSOBALANACEAE (Hirtella) Peru and Brazil. 83: PER. 84: BZN (AM). Upland forest on terra firme; understorey in open clearings. Map PERU: Loreto, Requena, Jenaro Herrera, R.Vásquez & N.Jaramillo 9561 (K, MO). 53. Hirtella rodriguesii Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 310 (1972) T: Brazil North: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Ducke, W.A.Rodrigues & O.P.Monteiro 6735; holo: NY; iso: INPA Illustrations: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 311 (1972); G.T.Prance, Fl. Colomb. Monogr. 19: 101 (2001). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 254 (1989). Tree to 20 m tall. Branches hispid when young. Leaves with stipules linear, c. 2 mm long, hispid, persistent; petioles 1 3 mm long, terete, eglandular, hirsute when young; lamina oblong to ovate-elliptic, membranous, cm, glabrous beneath except for midrib, glandular; apex acuminate with acumen 3 9 mm long; base rounded to subcuneate; midrib slightly prominent above, prominent and sparsely hirsute beneath; primary veins 6 9 pairs, plane above, prominulous beneath. Inflorescence terminal and axillary panicles or racemes, cm long; rachis and branches sparsely hispid. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, lanceolate, puberulous, persistent, eglandular or with sparse sessile glands on margins. Flowers 4 5 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, hispid on exterior, glabrous within at base; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes acute, sparsely hispid on exterior, sparsely puberulous within. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 4 or 5, unilateral; filaments glabrous, far exserted, connate at base. Ovary pilose. Style hirsute. Fruit unknown. Peru and C Amazonian Brazil. 83: PER. 84: BZN (AC, AM). Non-flooded forest. Flowering June Sept. Map PERU: Loreto, Prov. Maynas, Puerto Almendras, R.Vásquez & N.Jaramillo 7622 (MO, NY); Loreto, Río Ucayali, Jenaro Herrera, R.Spichiger & F.Encarnación 1004 (NY); Huánuco, Prov. Pachitea, region of Pucallpa, km SE of Puerto Inca, W.Morawetz & B.Wallnöfer (K, W); Pasco, Faja No. 1, Shiringamazu, A.Gentry et al (K, MO). 84. BRAZIL NORTH: Amazonas, Rio Javari above Paumari, G.T.Prance et al (INPA, NY); Amazonas, foothills of Serra Curicuriari, G.T.Prance et al (FHO, INPA, K, NY, S); Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Ducke, A.Vicentini 1053 (INPA, K, SP). 54. Hirtella obidensis Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 267 (1922) T: Brazil North: Pará, between Rios Ubim & Cedro, near Óbidos, A.Ducke RB17113; holo: RB. Hirtella lanceolata Kleinhoonte, Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 22: 388 (1925). T: Suriname: Cottica River, B.W. 5338; holo: U. Hirtella coppenamensis Kleinhoonte, Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 30: 180 (1933). T: Suriname: Coppename R., Raleigh Falls, B.W. 6167; holo U; iso: A, C, IAN, K, NY. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 247 (1989). Tree to 25 m tall. Branches tomentose when young, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves with stipules c. 2 mm long, subulate, tomentose, eglandular, persistent; petioles 1 3 mm long, tomentose, terete, eglandular; lamina oblong-lanceolate to elliptic, thickly coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 2 9 mm long, rounded to subcuneate at base, hirsutulous on venation beneath; venation of upper surface impressed; primary veins 9 12 pairs, impressed above, prominent beneath; midrib plane or nearly so above, prominent beneath; tomentose on both surfaces. Inflorescences short, terminal and subterminal, fewbranched panicles 4 11 cm long; rachis and branches rufous-tomentose. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, oblong to ovate, persistent, tomentose, with few sessile glands which are usually obscured by the pubescence. Receptacle campanulate, tomentose on exterior, glabrous within except at throat; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes acute, rufoustomentose on exterior, grey-pubescent within. Petals 5, glabrous. Stamens 5 7, unilateral with short filamentous staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute up to 1 /2 its length. Ovary inserted near mouth of receptacle, pilose. Fruit oblong-rotund; epicarp tomentellous when young becoming smooth and glabrous with age; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp very thin, hard, bony, tomentellous within. 139

10 SPECIES PLANTARUM FLORA OF THE WORLD (2003) Guianas and E Amazonian Brazil. 82: GUY, SUR. 84: BZN (AM, AP, PA). Non-flooded forest. Map GUYANA: U. Takutu-U. Region, Essequibo, Marudi Mt., T.W.Henkel 2932 (K, US). SURINAME: Fallawatra, H.Jiménez-Sáa 1572 (LBB, NY). 84. BRAZIL NORTH: Amazonas, Mun. de Manaus, 90 km N of Manaus, Distrito Agropecuário, E.Palheta s.n. tree 4619 (K, NY); Amapá, Res. Genética de Felipe, Projeto Florestal Jarí, B.V.Rabelo et al (K, MG, NY); Pará, Km 55 Oriximiná Óbidos, G.Martinelli 6789 (INPA, NY); Pará, Tucuruí, Km 15 of BR-263, M.G.Silva 5528 (MG). 55. Hirtella cowanii Prance & Maguire, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 312 (1972) T: Venezuela: Amazonas, Serranía Parú, Río Ventuari, R.S.Cowan & J.J.Wurdack 31237; holo: NY. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 314 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 234 (1989). Shrub. Branches tomentellous when young, soon becoming glabrous and lenticellate. Leaves with stipules c. 1.5 mm long, subulate, tomentose, eglandular, subpersistent; petioles mm long, tomentose, terete, eglandular; lamina ovate to oblong-ovate, coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 1 5 mm long, rounded at base, densely appressed pubescent beneath, glabrous above except on midrib, reticulate; midrib prominulous above, prominent beneath, tomentellous on both surfaces; primary veins 6 9 pairs, prominulous on both surfaces, anastomosing near margins. Inflorescences of short fasciculate panicles cm long; rachis and branches ferrugineous-tomentose. Bracts and bracteoles c. 2 mm long, oblong, acute, tomentose, eglandular, persistent. Flowers 4 5 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, subsessile, tomentose on exterior, glabrous within except around throat. Calyx lobes acute, tomentose on both surfaces, eglandular. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 7, unilateral with filamentous staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, only shortly exceeding calyx lobes. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose-tomentose. Style hirsute on lower portion. Fruit rounded-oblong; exocarp tomentellous when young; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, hirsute within. Venezuela (Río Ventuari region). 82: VEN. One of the few species of the family growing at higher altitudes ( m), in open rocky places on the summits of Cerros Paru and Duida. Flowering Feb. Apr. Map VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Dept. Atabapo, Plateau of Duida above Culebra, R.L.Liesner & G.Morillo (MO, NY); Amazonas, Cerro Parú summit, K.D.Phelps & C.B.Hitchcock 511 (NY), R.S.Cowan & J.J.Wurdack (NY). 56. Hirtella orbicularis Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 312 (1972) T: Venezuela: Amazonas, Cerro Duida, Río Cunucunuma, B.Maguire, R.S.Cowan & J.J.Wurdack 29622; holo: NY; iso: P, US. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 314 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 247 (1989). Shrub or small tree. Branches tomentellous when young, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves with stipules small, lanceolate, to 2 mm long, eglandular; petioles 1 2 mm long, tomentellous, terete, eglandular; lamina orbicular to ovate, coriaceous, cm, retuse, mucronate or shortly acuminate at apex, subcordate or rarely rounded at base, appressed-pubescent beneath, with palisade glands; midrib prominulous above, prominent beneath, hirsute on both surfaces; primary veins 7 9 pairs, prominulous on both surfaces. Inflorescences panicles 2 4 cm long; rachis and branches rufous-tomentose. Bracts and bracteoles 1 3 mm long, ovate, acute, persistent, tomentellous, eglandular. Flowers 5 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, tomentellous on exterior, glabrous towards base and pubescent beneath throat within; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes acute, tomentellous on exterior, puberulous within. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 5, unilateral with tooth-like staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far exserted. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Style hirsute. Fruit oblong; exocarp sparsely tomentellous when young, glabrescent; mesocarp thin, fleshy; endocarp thin, hard, bony, hirsute within. 140

11 CHRYSOBALANACEAE (Hirtella) Venezuela (known only from Cerro Duida). 82: VEN. A high altitude endemic, growing on slopes and open places, m altitude. Flowering in November. Map VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Caño Negro Basin, Cerro Duida, Río Cunucunuma, B.Maguire et al & (NY). 57. Hirtella guyanensis (Fritsch) Sandwith, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 377 (1931) Parinari guyanensis Fritsch, Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 5: 14 (1890), as Parinarium guyanense. R. & R.Schomburgk 168; holo: W; iso: BM, K, P. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 240 (1989). T: Guyana, Tree to 30 m tall. Branches tomentellous when young, soon becoming glabrous and lenticellate. Leaves with stipules c. 4 mm long, lanceolate, pubescent, eglandular, caducous; petioles 3 5 mm long, tomentellous when young, terete, eglandular; lamina oblong to ovateorbicular, coriaceous, cm, abruptly acuminate at apex with acumen 2 10 cm long, subcordate, rounded, or subcuneate at base, usually with an appressed pubescence beneath, rarely glabrous; primary veins 7 9 pairs, prominulous above, prominent beneath; midrib prominulous above, prominent and pubescent beneath. Inflorescences terminal and subterminal panicles 4 7 cm long; rachis and branches tomentose. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, numerous, ovate, tomentose, persistent, eglandular. Flowers 7 10 mm long. Receptacle cylindrical-campanulate, subsessile, tomentose on exterior, glabrous within except at throat and beneath style. Calyx lobes acute, tomentose on both surfaces. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 6 8, unilateral, with short filamentous staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, slightly exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute up to 1 /3 its length. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Fruit not seen. Eastern Venezuela and Guyana. 82: GUY, VEN. Primary forest on high ground. Flowering Aug. Feb. Map GUYANA: Upper Demerara-Berbice Region, Macouria R., 5 10 km above mouth, T.W.Henkel 1692 (K, US); Motokuru Creek, Essequibo R., D.B.Fanshawe 306 (FD3042, K, NY, US). VENEZUELA: Bolívar, Km 88 road to El Dorado, L.Aristeguieta 3739 (VEN); Bolívar, Km 109 El Dorado Santa Elena, L.Bernardi 7321 (NY, VEN). 58. Hirtella lightioides Rusby, Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 350 (1907) T: Bolivia: Yungas, Coroico, M.Bang 2418; holo; NY; iso: BM, C, F, LE, M, S, US, W. Hirtella acuminata Rusby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 248 (1927). T: Bolivia: Bopi River Valley, H.H.Rusby 652; holo: NY; iso: GH, K, US. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 244 (1989). Shrub or small tree. Branches tomentellous when young, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves with stipules 3 5 mm long, linear, persistent, pubescent, eglandular; petioles 3 5 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous; lamina elliptic, subcoriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 5 10 mm long, rounded to subcuneate at base, sparsely hirsute beneath, with a few palisade glands; primary veins pairs, plane above, prominent beneath; midrib prominulous above, prominent beneath, tomentellous on both surfaces. Inflorescences terminal and axillary panicles 7 11 cm long; rachis and branches hirsutulous-tomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles 2 4 mm long, linear to oblong, tomentellous, persistent, eglandular. Flowers 6 8 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, tomentellous on exterior, glabrous within except at throat; pedicels 2 5 mm long. Calyx lobes acute, tomentellous on exterior, puberulous within. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 4 6, unilateral with a few short filamentous staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute up to 1 /2 its length. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, villous. Fruit not seen. Bolivia and Peru. 83: BOL, PER. Primary forest. Map BOLIVIA: Beni, Prov. Vaca Diez, Alto Ivon, B.M.Boom 4167 (NY); Dept. La Paz, Prov. Nor Yungas, Río Huarinilla, J.C.Solomon 8502 (MO, NY); Dept. La Paz, Prov. Nor Yungas, Río Huarinilla, J.C.Solomon 9393 (MO, NY). PERU: Madre de Dios, Cocha Cashu Biol. Station, Manu N. P., A.Gentry (MO, NY). 141

12 SPECIES PLANTARUM FLORA OF THE WORLD (2003) 59. Hirtella aramangensis Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 315 (1972) T: Peru: Amazonas, Aramango, F.Woytkowski 5625; holo: S; iso: GH, R, US. Illustration: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9: 317 (1972). Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 228 (1989). Tree. Branches tomentellous when young, soon becoming glabrous. Leaves with stipules small, linear, tomentellous, eglandular, caducous; petioles 7 8 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous; lamina elliptic, coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 3 10 mm long, rounded at base, appressed-pubescent beneath, with few palisade glands, not papillate; midrib prominulous above, prominent beneath, tomentellous on both surfaces; primary veins pairs, prominulous on both surfaces. Inflorescences subcorymbose panicles cm long; rachis and branches tomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles ovate, tomentellous, persistent, with few sessile glands. Flowers c. 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, tomentellous on exterior, glabrous within except beneath throat; pedicels c. 0.5 mm long. Calyx lobes acute, tomentellous on exterior, grey-puberulous within. Petals 5, glabrous, white. Stamens 6, unilateral with short filamentous staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far-exserted. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, pilose. Style hirsute on basal portion. Fruit oblong; exocarp shortly tomentose; mesocarp thin; endocarp thin, hard, fibrous, sparsely hirsute within. Peru; known only from the type collection. 83: PER. Forest. Flowering in April. Map Hirtella rasa Standl., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17(3): 252 (1937) T: Peru: San Martín, Juan Jui, Alto Río Huallaga, G.Klug 4249; holo: F; iso: A, BM, K, NY, S, US. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 253 (1989). Tree to 25 m tall. Branches puberulous when young, soon becoming glabrous and lenticellate. Leaves with stipules c. 3 mm long, linear, puberulous, caducous, eglandular; petioles 4 5 mm long, terete, eglandular, glabrescent; lamina elliptic, coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 2 7 mm long, subcuneate at base, papillose and bearing only stiff appressed hairs beneath, with many palisade glands towards base; primary veins 8 10 pairs, prominulous on both surfaces; midrib plane to prominulous above, prominent beneath, puberulous to glabrescent on both surfaces. Inflorescences terminal lax panicles 7 19 cm long; rachis and branches sparsely puberulous. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, ovate, puberulous, eglandular, caducous. Flowers c. 6 mm long. Receptacle campanulate, with short grey tomentum on exterior, glabrous within except at throat; pedicels mm long. Calyx lobes rounded to acute, shortly tomentellous on exterior, grey-puberulous within. Petals 5, white, glabrous. Stamens 6, unilateral, with short filamentous staminodes opposite; filaments glabrous, far exceeding calyx lobes. Style hirsute up to 1 /2 its length. Ovary inserted at mouth of receptacle, villous-tomentellous. Fruit (young fruit only seen) ellipsoid; epicarp tomentellous; pericarp thin, hard, bony, sparsely hirsutulous within. Amazonian Peru and northwestern Brazil. 83: PER. 84: BZN (AC). Primary forest. Map PERU: Huánuco, Dept. Llullapichis, Prov. Puerto Inca, Selva Central, Dantas, B.K.Saldaña 743 (G, W); Pucallpa, Est. Experimental Alexander von Humboldt, L.Angula 11 (MO, NY). 84. BRAZIL NORTH: Acre, Rio Macauhan, trib. of Rio Iaco, B.A.Krukoff 5525 (NY, RB, SP). 61. Hirtella scabra Benth., J. Bot. (Hooker) 2: 218 (1840) T: Guyana: near Mount Roraima, R. & R.Schomburgk 1051; holo: K; iso: BM, CGE, F, NY, W. Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 255 (1989). Shrub. Branches tomentellous when young, becoming glabrous and lenticellate with age. Leaves with stipules 1 3 mm long, linear, caducous, eglandular; petioles 2 3 mm long, terete, eglandular, tomentellous when young; lamina ovate, thickly coriaceous, cm, acuminate at apex with acumen 2 12 mm long, rounded at base, sparsely appressedpubescent to glabrescent beneath, with palisade glands frequent, prominently reticulatevenose above; primary veins 7 9 pairs, prominulous on both surfaces; midrib prominulous above, prominent and hirsute beneath. Inflorescences terminal and axillary panicles 2 9 cm long; rachis and branches short-tomentellous. Bracts and bracteoles mm long, acute, 142