Fruit Genomics. Roger P. Hellens Science Leader, Fruit Genomics ABIC, Cork, August The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand L
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1 Fruit Genomics Roger P. Hellens Science Leader, Fruit Genomics ABIC, Cork, August 2008 The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand L
2 Sustainability Faster Breeding Health and Food
3 In the future..fruit varieties will be developed through the application of genomics.
4 Currently.. We have built a genomics research capability Platforms Sequencing Cloning Bioinformatics Transformation Arrays Metabolomics Proteomics Capability 19 Scientists 21 Research Associates 12 PhD, MSc and Summer Students
5 Germplasm. Apple Kiwifruit
6 Focused Genomics Research Areas INPUT: Production OUTPUT: Consumer
7 Translational Genomics Describe in model Characterise in crop Develop new cultivar
8 Apple Flesh Colour: Fruit Development The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Red Field Pacific Rose Days After Full Bloom 146
9 MdMYB10 promoter sequence
10 Screen for genetic diversity in our germplasm ATG 1.7 KB Microsatellite (GT)n 1.8 KB Repeats
11 Exploiting Germplasm
12 Screen of MYB10 promoter Luc:Ren ratio
13 Promoter motif study 1 Repeat (Native) 2 Repeats 3 Repeats Synthesised 4 Repeats 6 Repeats (Native) MYB MYB10 & bhlh3 1.4 LUC:REN Ratio R1 R1 + bhlh R2 R2 + bhlh R3 R3 + bhlh R4 R4 + bhlh R6 R6 + bhlh
14
15 Green and Yellow kiwifruit
16 Orange kiwifruit GERANYL GERANYL PYRO PH O SPH AT E PHYTOENE ζ- C A R O T E N E LYCOPENE β- C A R O T E N E Z E A X A N T H IN A. macrosperma α -C A R O T E N E L U T E IN
17 Apple flavour Royal Gala X Granny Smith
18 Apple Health Phenolic Composition of Heritage Apples Royal Gala Braeburn Royal Gala Devonshire Quarrenden Devonshire Quarrenden Hetlina Monty's Surprise mg/fruit Procyanidin Chlorogenic Acid Flavan-3-ols Flavanols Anthocyanin Phlorizidin Hetlina
19 Overcoming the effect of insufficient winter chilling Hydrogen Cyanamide
20 Exploiting our Genomics understanding
21 A B D 35SMdMYB10 Control Size (mm) Width (mm) Length (mm) Weight(g) Weight (g) C
22 cyanidin-hexoside (glucoside) epicatechin-phlo chlorogenic acid leaf leaf skin skin flesh flesh 0.0 leaf leaf 4.0 p-coumaric acid like skin skin flesh flesh leaf leaf 90.0 Mannose skin skin flesh flesh ß-carotene leaf leaf skin skin flesh flesh 30.0 leaf leaf skin skin flesh flesh leaf leaf skin skin flesh flesh
23 à-farnesene Butyl caprylate Hexanoic acid, hexyl ester (CAS) Acetic acid Hexyl-2-methylbutyrate Butanoic acid, hexyl ester (CAS) Hexanoic acid, butyl ester (CAS) 1-Hexanol (CAS) Propanoic acid, hexyl ester 1-Hexen-5-yl acetate Propyl hexanoate Acetic acid, hexyl ester Butyl 2-methylbutanoate Butanoic acid, butyl ester (CAS) 1-Butanol, 2-methyl-, (S)- Acetic acid, pentyl ester (CAS) 1-Butanol (CAS) Propanoic acid, butyl ester 1-Butanol, 2-methyl-, acetate (CAS) 1-Propanol, 2-methyl- (CAS) Acetic acid, butyl ester Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester Propanoic acid, propyl ester (CAS) 1-Propanol Benzene, methyl- (CAS) Acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester Acetic acid, propyl ester (CAS) Propanoic acid, ethyl ester (CAS) Ethanol (CAS) (Z)-1-(3,4-dimethylpent-2-enyl)piperidine hydrochloride Ethyl Acetate Butanal (CAS) Acetic acid, methyl ester (CAS) Acetone ng/g 14 Royal Gala Control 35S:MdMYB
24 Key 0 35S:MdMYB10 trees Empty vector control trees Tree identifier Tree identifier Royal Gala' A 35S:MdMYB ETR (µmol electrons m s ) AS997 AS993 AS992 AS1047 AS1034 A4-2 A4-1 A3-2 A Royal Gala' µmol m s AS997 AS993 AS992 AS1047 AS1034 A4-2 A4-1 A3-1 A3-3 A3-1 Average Leaf width (mm) 60 35S:MdMYB10 AS997 AS993 AS992 AS1047 AS A4-2 A4-1 A3-2 C A3-3 A3-1 Average leaf length (mm) B A3-1 Average internode length (mm) A D F B * 35S:MdMYB10 'Royal Gala' Control PAR (µmol photons m s ) E Tree identifier C
25 A B D C
26 Genomics will contribute to: Identify and characterise genes and alleles INPUT - Production OUTPUT - Consumer Selection of traits MAS or GE Forward-looking consequence of novel traits Breeding Insurance Accelerated assessment of fruit Transgenics Cisgenics/intragenics Fast breeding rootstocks International recognition Integrated fruit research Royal Royal Gala + 35S-MYB10 Gala Royal Gala Royal Gala + 35S-MYB10
27 Delivery
28 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements Enabling Technologies: Andrew Gleave; Ross Crowhurst; Daryl Rowan; Bhawana Nain; Daisy Wang; Sakuntala Karunairetnam; Luke Luo; Tianchi Wang; Sumathi Kutty-Amma; Julie Nicholls; Marcus Davy; Elena Hilario; Cecilia Deng; Martin Hunt; David Stevenson; Ross Johnson Colour&Health: Andrew Allan; Richard Espley; Mirco Montefiori; Charles Dwamena; Rebecca Henry; Cyril Brendolise; Andrew Dare; Kui Lin-Wang; William Laing; Sean Bulley Plant Development: Erika Varkonyi-Gasic; Kimberley Snowden; Toshi Foster; Georgina Rae; Bart Janssen; Marcela MartinezSanchez; Marion Wood; Revel Drummond; Rongmei Wu; Susan Ledger; Suzanne Kuijt Texture: Robert Schaffer; Ross Atkinson; Rosie Schroeder; Stuart Tustin; Ian Hallett; Paul Sutherland; Seelan Gunaseelan; Jason Johnston; Sarah Johnston; Anne White Mapping: Sue Gardiner; David Chagne; Mark McNeilage; Emily Buck; Lena Fraser; Gianna Tsang Breeding: Vincent Bus, Luis Gea; Ron Beatson; Richard Volz Ross Ferguson, Alan Seal; Canhong Cheng Collaborations: PRI (The Netherlands), Symplot (USA)
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