Chapter 4: MAIN NATURAL HABITATS.
|
|
- Albert Cox
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 4: MAIN NATURAL HABITATS. Fungi have been related to plant evolution in such a way that, it can be said, that they have coevolved together. For this reason, some fungi are specific to one habitat and to specific plant species, while others can be less specific to specific habitats or host species. Here particular reference is made to the main forest types encountered in the Atlantic Area Broadleaved species. This group includes tree species like birch, beech, chestnut, oak, poplar, black poplar, willow, ash. A number of these species live as mixed forests around river banks. In general broadleaved forests are very rich in fungi, especially before leaves are shed. Fruiting is higher in hot and humid autumns and summers Mycoflora of beech forests: Fagus sylvatica This species grows on shaded mountain sides, deep and rich soils, in moist climate with summer rain. It does not tolerate waterlogged soils and prefers them well drained. It can reach up to 30 meters in height, has a smooth bark of silvery grey colour. It is a deciduous species; the leaves are simple with an undulated margin and hairy on veins. The beech fruit is a small, triangular nut, shut in a tiny husk. It usually forms dense monoculture forest, with poor conditions for the herbaceous layer which explains the common absence of undergrowth. Pasture lands and beech forests These young forests have developed under the moist temperate climate of the Sub Atlantic period. They can occur as mixed species forests when growing on the bottom of canyons in humid valleys. Seasonality plays an important role in the morphology of deciduous forests, particularly in the case of beech, since this shade tolerant species forms dense monoculture forest making it difficult for other species to compete Clitocybe phyllophila
2 FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH BEECH FOREST Ascocoryne sarcoides Neobulgaria pura Bisporella citrina Tarzetta catinus Bulgaria inquinans Ustulina deusta Diatrype disciformis Xylaria carpophila Eutypa spinosa Xylaria polymorpha Hypoxylon fragiforme Bjerkandera adusta Ganoderma applanatum Clavariadelphus pistillaris Pycnoporus cinnabarinus Fomitopsis pinicola Ramaria formosa Clitocybe phyllophila Mycena galericulata Collybia hariolorum Mycena pelianthina Hygrophorus eburneus Mycena polygramma Hygrophorus poetarum Mycena renatii Marasmius alliaceus Oudemansiella mucida Marasmius wynnei Panellus serotinus Micromphale brassicolens Panellus stipticus Mycena crocata Panus conchatus Mycena diosma Cortinarius bolaris Cortinarius praestans Cortinarius cinnabarinus Cortinarius splendens Cortinarius elegantissimus Cortinarius violaceus Cortinarius humicola Lactarius blennius Lactarius vellereus Lactarius pallidus Russula faginea Gasteromycetidae Lycoperdon pyriforme Lactarius vellereus Cortinarius cinnabarinus
3 Chestnut forests mycoflora: Castanea sativa. Castanea sativa is characteristic for the Atlantic Area landscape. It grows in zones of high altitude and prefers southern orientation for light and heat. It also grows at lower altitude where it prefers northern orientation benefiting from humidity as a defence against the very high temperatures of summer. It needs acidic, fertile, quite shallow and fresh soils but not waterlogged. It can reach close to 30 meters in height, with large diameters and it can live up to hundreds of years. It can also be found in mixed-species forest (particularly with pine trees and oak). Fungi associated with chestnut are very similar to fungal species associated with other broadleaves trees and particularly those that grow in oak forests. Sweet chestnut FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH CHESTNUT FORESTS Rutstroemia echinophila Cantharellus cibarius Fistulina hepatica Grifola frondosa Armillaria mellea Lepista inversa Clitocybe nebularis Tricholoma columbetta Collybia kuehneriana Tricholoma ustale Hygrophorus nemoreus Amanita caesarea Amanita pantherina Amanita franchetii Amanita vaginata Pluteales Clitopilus prunulus Lactarius aurantiacus Russula foetens Lactarius piperatus Russula fragilis Russula delica Cortinarius diabolicus Hebeloma radicosum Boletales Boletus aemilii Boletus rhodoxanthus Boletus aestivalis Paxillus involutus Boletus edulis Xerocomus chrysenteron Boletus pinophilus Xerocomus ferrugineus Gasteromycetidae Lycoperdon perlatum Cantharellus cibarius
4 The most common toxic species in this habitat are: Amanita phalloides (death cap) which is very common at the beginning of autumn and which is very similar to Russula virescens (greencracked brittlegill) because of its green colour. Another very toxic species is Entoloma lividum whose smell is very nice and whose gills are of salmon colour at maturity. Other toxic species are: Boletus satanas (devil s bolete), Boletus calopus, Amanita pantherina (very similar to A. spissa, A. gemmata o junquillea). The most interesting edible species are: Amanita caesarea (Caesar s mushroom), Boletus pinophilus (spring king), Boletus reticulatus (summer bolete), Boletus aereus (queen bolete), Boletus regius (royal bolete), Russula virescens (crackedgreen brittlegill), they are all considered as excellent to eat and are much appreciated by mushroom pickers. Other edible species: Clitopilus prunulus (sweetbread mushroom), Russula vesca (baretoothed brittlegill), Cantharellus cibarius (chanterelle), Russula cyanoxantha (charcoal burner), Boletus erythropus (red foot), Xerocomus subtomentosus, Fistulina hepatica (beefsteak fungus), Mycoflora of river bank forests: Forests of river banks are deciduous and depend on the humidity brought out by the river for their survival. These types of forest are very favourable for the growth of fungi as they have moist soils. They are composed of willow, black poplar, ash, elm, hazel, etc In the areas closest to water, willow or osier shrubs are dominant, and gradually while moving away from the river, these species are replaced by black poplar, poplar or bigger willow species. Located the furthest from the river are forests of small-leaved elm trees and English elm. For river bank forests located in mountains at an altitude of around 1,000 meters, species such as birch, hazel, maple, and lime appear. Alder can be found where rivers cross siliceous areas made of slates or quartz. Willow stands form dynamic tree communities that can tolerate changes in humidity like variation in river water levels, which enable the species to grow along the edge of streams. Willow species that can be encountered in these communities are: Salix atrocinerea, Salix triandra, Salix purpurea and Salix eleagnos. River bank forests Alder stands grow on soils poor in carbonates. The position of these tree communities on the river banks is either directly on the stream border or just behind the willow tree community, when its establishment is possible. Ash stands succeed better in developing on sandy soils impoverished in carbonates. In more moist climates, it can develop and mix with alder forest communities. Ash trees (Fraxinus angustifolia) prefer to develop further away from the water than alder. Poplar stands are composed of Populus alba or Populus nigra. The latter is less resistant to high temperatures and prefers relatively poor soils, while Populus alba is a more thermophile species, and requires to grow in richer soils and tolerates better clayey soils than the other species. They are often growing as a mixture of both species. Elm forest stands are mainly composed of Ulmus minor which is less dependant on the humidity of ground water. Elm forest communities have been very badly affected by the Dutch elm disease.
5 FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH RIVER BANK FORESTS Helvella leucoporus Rhytisma salicinum Mitrophora semilibera Verpa digitaliformis Morchella esculenta Phragmobasidiomycetes Auricularia mesenterica Exidia recisa Auriculariopsis ampla Fomes fomentarius Daedaleopsis tricolor Phellinus igniarius Laccaria fraterna Pleurotus pulmonarius Lentinus cyathiformis Rhodotus palmatus Lentinus tigrinus Tricholoma cingulatum Pleurotus ostreatus Tricholoma populinum Coprinus domesticus Psathyrella populina Psathyrella marcescibilis Pluteales Pluteus salicinus Volvariella bombycina Lactarius controversus Agrocybe aegerita Cortinarius salignus* Alnicola alnetorum Pholiota aurivella Cortinarius decipiens Pholiota populnea Boletales Leccinum duriusculum Paxillus filamentosus * Probably = Cortinarius cinnamomeoluteus P.D. Orton Mycoflora of oak forest stands: Quercus sp. Forests of oak trees and other mixtures of tree species are characteristic of hill sides and low lands at the foot of mountains. They constitute the natural landscape of low lands of the Euro Siberian region, but due to its location, in the middle of cultivated and pasture lands; very few are left well conserved. They are generally located in oligotrophic grounds at the foot of mountainous areas. Because of this, its undergrowth flora is usually poor and composed of acidophilic plants. Oaks of these forests tolerate periodic flooding as well as loamy soil, very clayey Young oak woodlands
6 and compact soils where root aeration is difficult. The forests formed by various oak (Quercus) species are the most numerous. They extend from zones of higher altitudes where sessile oaks are established to zones of lower and drier lands where Portuguese oaks predominate. The most common oak species are: - Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica): very common and forms forests on acidic soils; it is well adapted to continental climate with significant daily and seasonally thermal amplitude. It tolerates periods of very low temperatures because it comes in leaf late and has a short cycle. They are characterised by slow growth, forming dense forest masses. - Sessile oak (Quercus petraea): this is the most corpulent and attractive oak, and can get very old. - Portuguese oak (Quercus faginea): it can grow on siliceous as well as calcareous and clayey soils. It forms the transition between deciduous and evergreen species, as its leaves shed late and stay on the tree during quite some time. - English oak (Quercus robur): A tree species well adapted to the influence of the Atlantic, very common in the humid zones of the North. Oaks FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH OAK FORESTS Ciboria batschiana Dasyscyphus niveus Coccomyces coronatus Hymenoscyphus fructigenus Dasyscyphus coronatus Peziza badioconfusa Phragmobasidiomycetes Exidia glandulosa Daedalea quercina Meripilus giganteus Ganoderma lucidum Stereum gausapatum Laetiporus sulphureus Marasmius quercophilus Tricholoma sulphureum Mycena inclinata Tricholoma ustaloides Amanita crocea Amanita phalloides Lactarius acerrimus Russula cyanoxantha Lactarius quietus Russula virescens Russula amoena Boletales Boletus erythropus Boletus pseudoregius Boletus legaliae Boletus regius Boletus luridus Boletus satanas Gasteromycetidae Lycoperdum echinatum
7 Mycoflora of birch forests: Betula alba. Birch forests form deciduous tree communities composed mainly of Betula alba and some other species such as lime, sessile oak, etc. It grows on forested humid areas, on river banks, on mountain sides and sometimes on hill sides. It prefers siliceous substrates. It requires high precipitation and can be found at higher altitude. Many mycorrhizal fungi are associated with birch. It might be the species with the highest number of specific associations. The fungal species from the following genera can only be found on the roots of Betula alba: Leccinum, Russula, Cortinarius, Lactarius, Hebeloma, Boletus. FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH BIRCH FORESTS Piptoporus betulinus Meripilus giganteus Tricholoma fulvum Pholiota alnicola Lactarius citriolens Lactarius tabidus Lactarius lilacinus Lactarius torminosus Lactarius necator Russula betularum Lactarius spinosulus Boletales Leccinum aurantiacum Leccinum variicolor Leccinum roseofractum Leccinum versipelle Leccinum scabrum Pluteales Entoloma majaloides Entoloma turbidum 4.2. Pine trees. Pine forests represent the most widely distributed type of forest on the whole of the Atlantic Area. In certain zones, their distribution is so large, compared to other forest formations, that they often shape the forest landscape. The large variety of species in the genus Pinus enables pine to develop in areas of very rigorous climates and very often on soils of poor edaphic characteristics, where the inter specific competition is low. It includes forests formed by Pinus sylvestris, P. pinaster, P. pinea, P. uncinata, P. nigra, P. halepensis, P. radiata (= insignis) and firs of the genera Abies (Abies alta, Abies pinsapo...).these forests are generally very rich in fungal species.
8 FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH PINE FORESTS Gyromitra esculenta Gyromitra gigas Sarcosphaera crassa Phragmobasidiomycetes Calocera viscosa Guepiniopsis chrysocoma Dacrymyces chrysospermus Pseudohydnum gelatinosum Exidia saccharina Auriscalpium vulgare Stereum ostrea Phaeolus schweinitzii Stereum sanguinolentum Phellinus pini Thelephora terrestris Sarcodon imbricatus Trichaptum abietinum Sparassis crispa Baeospora myosura Mycena vulgaris Clitocybe rhizophora Strobilurus stephanocystis Hygrophorus agathosmus Tricholoma equestre Hygrophorus hypothejus Tricholoma focale Hygrophorus latitabundus Tricholoma portentosum Marasmius androsaceus Tricholoma terreum Mycena seynesii Tricholomomopsis rutilans Mycena stipata Agaricus purpurellus Amanita muscaria Amanita citrina Lepiota castanea Amanita gemmata Cortinarius mucosus Galerina marginata Cortinarius rubellus Hypholoma capnoides Cortinarius sanguineus Inocybe terrigena Lactarius deliciosus Lactarius sanguifluus Lactarius mitissimus Lactarius semisanguifluus Lactarius rufus Russula drimeia Russula torulosa
9 4.3. Meadows and pastures. These include the plant communities intimately linked with the nutrition of livestock. While meadows are mowed, pastures are more adequate for grazing. Meadows FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH MEADOWS AND PASTURES Calocybe gambosa Lepista personata Clitocybe dealbata Lepista nuda Clitocybe geotropa Leucopaxillus candidus Crinipellis stipitaria Marasmius graminum Cuphophyllus pratensis Marasmius oreades Cuphophyllus virgineus Melanoleuca brevipes Hygrocybe coccinea Melanoleuca excissa Hygrocybe conica Melanoleuca grammopodia Hygrocybe psittacina Melanoleuca melaleuca Hygrocybe punicea Melanoluca subalpina Lepista paneleola Pleurotus eryngii Agrocybe molesta Psilocybe semilanceata Agrocybe praecox Stropharia coronilla Conocybe tenera Agaricus albertii Leucoagaricus leucothites Agaricus arvensis Macrolepiota excoriata Agaricus campestris Macrolepiota konradii Agaricus xanthodermus Macrolepiota mastoidea Amanita vittadinii Macrolepiota procera Coprinus comatus Macrolepiota rickenii Coprinus plicatilis Pluteales Entoloma conferendum Entoloma sericeum Entoloma lazulinum Entoloma serrulatum Gasteromycetidae Bovista plumbea Mycenastrum corium Calvatia utriformis Scleroderma cepa Geastrum campestre Vascellum pratense Langermannia gigantea
Tyntesfield Audit 13 October 2017
Tyntesfield Audit 13 October 2017 What a great Audit large numbers of fungi in perfect condition. Most notable were the collection of Entoloma madidum, a species first found several years ago but not seen
More informationCULTURES YOUR ADVANTAGES WHEN ORDERING CULTURES FROM US
CULTURES Aloha Medicinals Inc. is the industry s leading company in the cultivation of medicinal mushroom species. We have up to 1000 unique fungal strains in our culture bank (mostly belonging to Basidiomycetes
More informationWalking in the footsteps of Mary Gillham
Walking in the footsteps of Mary Gillham A Dedicated Naturalist: The Dr Mary Gillham Archive Project is a Heritage Lottery Funded project to celebrate the life and works of ecologist Dr Mary Gillham. Dr
More informationgrass/soil - echinulate spores Page 1
Taxon Vernacular Comment Amanita excelsa var. spissa Amanita fulva Amanita muscaria var. muscaria Amanita rubescens var. rubescens Ascobolus stercorarius Biscogniauxia nummularia Bjerkandera adusta Boletus
More informationCatalogue of Fungus Fair
Catalogue of Fungus Fair Introduction...2 Statistics...3 Total collections (excluding "sp.") Numbers of species by multiplicity of collections (excluding "sp.") Numbers of taxa by genus (excluding "sp.")
More informationFungus Foray - Clandeboye Estate, Bangor - Saturday, 2nd October 2010
Fungus Foray - Clandeboye Estate, Bangor - Saturday, 2nd October 2010 The annual fungus foray was held in conjunction with the Northern Ireland Fungus Group (NIFG) and was joined by ten members of the
More informationEp161 More Spring West (0.4 ha) TL
Ep161 More Spring West (0.4 ha) TL 524107 Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and Field Maple (Acer campestre) are the main components of this narrow strip of woodland. Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) is frequent
More informationOptimized Analysis of Organic Acids in Edible Mushrooms from Portugal by Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatography and Photodiode Array Detection
Food Anal. Methods (2013) 6:309 316 DOI 10.1007/s12161-012-9443-1 Optimized Analysis of Organic Acids in Edible Mushrooms from Portugal by Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatography and Photodiode Array Detection
More informationEdible and Medicinal Fungi of Western Nova Scotia. Brendon Smith B.A., Nova Scotia Mycological Society Director
Edible and Medicinal Fungi of Western Nova Scotia Brendon Smith B.A., Nova Scotia Mycological Society Director Introduction What are fungi? Spore-bearing microorganisms Belong to a separate kingdom from
More informationCatalogue of Fungus Fair
Oakland Museum, 14-15 December 2002 Catalogue of Fungus Fair Introduction...2 History...3 Statistics...4 Total collections (excluding "sp.") Numbers of species by multiplicity of collections (excluding
More informationPeople began to grow pine seedling to plant in the devastated coast line Apr.
Prevention of tree wilt and reduction of Cesium with charcoal and mycorrhizal fungi M.Ogawa, N.Okada,T.Kurusu,S. Ohashi, Y.Sampei Coastal Pine Forest before Tsunami Rikuzentakada Feb.19 2011 70,000 pine
More informationCatalogue of Fungus Fair
Catalogue of Fungus Fair Introduction...2 History...3 Statistics...4 Total collections (excluding "sp.") Numbers of species by multiplicity of collections (excluding "sp.") Numbers of taxa by genus (excluding
More informationClint Emerson, Botanist February 2011
Inventory of Sensitive Fungal Species in the Southern Oregon Coast Range and Siskiyou Mountains Gold Beach and Powers Ranger Districts Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest Clint Emerson, Botanist February
More informationField Guide to Common Macrofungi in Eastern Forests and Their Ecosystem Functions
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report NRS-79 Revised February 2012 Field Guide to Common Macrofungi in Eastern Forests and Their Ecosystem
More informationStudy of Frequency, Density, Abundance and Diversity of Wild Mushrooms of Tropical Mixed Forest of Central India
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ISSN 2519-5115 RESEARCH ARTICLE Study of Frequency, Density, Abundance and Diversity of Wild Mushrooms of Tropical Mixed Forest of Central India
More informationA simple guide. to the genera of trees and shrubs mycorrhizal hosts of boletes. Texts Boris Assyov
A simple guide to the genera of trees and shrubs mycorrhizal hosts of boletes Texts Boris Assyov Photographs Boris Assyov Ivelina Assyova Ilia Cheshmedzhiev Alphabetical Index to Genera Latin names Coniferous
More informationExcursion guide to some common Swedish trees, NGEA 01 autumn 2018
Excursion guide to some common Swedish trees, NGEA 01 autumn 2018 by Associate prof. Jonas Åkerman Beech (Fagus sp.) 1 Contents 1. Some of the trees and flowers we will notice during the excursion....
More informationHarvesting Edible Mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest Matt Trappe & Kim Kittredge
Harvesting Edible Mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest Matt Trappe & Kim Kittredge Presentation Overview Fungal Ecology 101 - What they are - What they eat Identifying Mushrooms - Noteworthy characteristics
More informationA Fungi Foray in Poland
A Fungi Foray in Poland 19-23 September 2013 24 Station Square Office 345 Inverness IV1 1LD Scotland Tel: 07718255265 E-mail: Bozena@ScotNature.co.uk www.scotnature.co.uk Group Members Gordon Simpson Tom
More informationGeneral Forestation Across Europe. Finnish Wood Species
General Forestation Across Europe Finnish Wood Species 1 = 4500 Trees per person in Finland Source: Mapping tree density at a global scale in Nature (September 10, 2015) 1 = 420 Trees per person globally
More informationThe Wisconsin Mycological Society NEWSLETTER
The Wisconsin Mycological Society NEWSLETTER Volume 30 Number 4 Winter 2013-14 WMS Lecture Series: New Location The WMS has outgrown its venue for lectures and we will now move to a new location in 2014.
More informationTree diversity effect on dominant height in temperate forest
Tree diversity effect on dominant height in temperate forest Patrick Vallet, Thomas Pérot Irstea Nogent-sur-Vernisson CAQSIS, 28 29 March 2017, Bordeaux 2 Overyielding in mixed forest Context For many
More informationCommon Edible Mushrooms of Missouri. Presented by Maxine Stone Missouri Mycological Society
Common Edible Mushrooms of Missouri Presented by Maxine Stone Missouri Mycological Society 2014 Missouri Mycological Society Mushroom Classes These classes are designed to educate scientific minded, or
More informationToday you will learn.. Common Edible Mushrooms of Missouri. Missouri Mycological Society Mushroom Classes
Common Edible Mushrooms of Missouri Presented by Maxine Stone Missouri Mycological Society Missouri Mycological Society Mushroom Classes These classes are designed to educate scientific minded, or just
More informationElectronic supplementary material
Electronic supplementary material Modeling the global distribution of fungal species: new insights into microbial cosmopolitanism Hirotoshi Sato (H. Sato), Riyou Tsujino (R. Tsujino), Kazuki Kurita (K.
More informationEskrigg Reserve October 2016 News Bulletin
Lockerbie Wildlife Trust (www.lockerbie-wildlife-trust.co.uk) Eskrigg Reserve October 2016 News Bulletin Scottish Charity No: SC 005538 1. View of the pond on the 4th and early morning sunshine on the
More informationWillow Tit Help Guide Three Common Willow Species
Willow Tit Help Guide Three Common Willow Species Although there are other willow species and hybrids, this help guide shows the most commonly encountered willows in the Carbon Landscape Programme area.
More informationEctomycorrhizal and saprotrophic macrofungi associated with woody plants in the Borova hora arboretum
Thaiszia - J. Bot., Košice, 25, Suppl. 1: 163-170, 2015 http://www.bz.upjs.sk/thaiszia T H A I S Z I A JOURNAL OF BOTANY Ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic macrofungi associated with woody plants in the
More informationAs many readers of FM may be aware,
FM 9(4) :Field mycology 24/7/08 12:32 Page 126 MACROFUNGI OF THE KENWOOD ESTATE Andy Overall* As many readers of FM may be aware, following previous articles (FM 7(3):82-84; 8(1):24-27), Hampstead Heath
More informationCOLLECTION, MARKETING AND CULTIVATION OF EDIBLE
MICOLOGIA APLICADA INTERNATIONAL, EDIBLE FUNGI 16(2), IN SPAIN 2004, pp. 25-33 2004, PRINTED IN BERKELEY, CA, U.S.A. http://micaplint.fws1.com International Seminar on Ethnomycology COLLECTION, MARKETING
More informationSTART HERE I MUSHROOMS WITH GILLS UNDERNEATH THE CAP. II MUSHROOMS WITHOUT GILLS: BROWN including dark tan and rusty tints spore print.
Interactive KEY to all mushrooms described or referenced in Edition #2 of Field Guide to Wild Mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Species fully described in the Field Guide are denoted by bold
More informationAn Atlas & Guide to some of the Fungi of the Arnside & Silverdale AONB
Bittern Countryside Community Interest Company Page 1 An Atlas & Guide to some of the Fungi of the Arnside & Silverdale AONB Supporting the Arnside & Silverdale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Bittern
More informationA Checklist of Macrofungi of Besni (Ad yaman) District
Turk J Bot 28 (2004) 247-251 TÜB TAK A Checklist of Macrofungi of Besni (Ad yaman) District Abdullah KAYA Gaziantep University, Ad yaman Education Faculty, 02030 Ad yaman - TURKEY Zübeyde AKAN Gaziantep
More informationMethods This project gathered information on potentially rare mushroom species in the Blue Mountains. It included three main components:
Blue Mountain National Forests Rare Fungi Information Gathering and Surveys Interagency Special Status Species Program (ISSSP) Project Report October 14, 2009, Paula J. Brooks Introduction There has been
More informationMycological Notes 11: Boletus edulis in Canterbury
Mycological Notes 11: Boletus edulis in Canterbury Jerry Cooper, July 2012 Probably most mycologically minded New Zealanders know about Boletus edulis in Christchurch. Wang et al (1995) reported its occurrence
More informationPiñon Pine
Piñon Pine Plains Cottonwood Quaking Aspen Ponderosa Pine Douglas-fir Limber Pine Colorado Blue Spruce White Fir Lodgepole Pine Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir Bristlecone Pine Piñon Pine Pinus edulis
More informationFungifama: SVIMS INSIDE: WINDER'S WOODLOT. August, 1996 The newsletter of the South Vancouver lsland Mycological Society Volume 3.
Fungifama August, 1996 The newsletter of the South Vancouver lsland Mycological Society Volume 3.6 SVIMS President: Hannah Nadel Vice President: Paul Young Secretary: Brenda Callan Treasurer Sue Thorn
More informationField Grown Transplants (Bare Root) Available November to March Oct 2018 edition
Field Grown Transplants (Bare Root) Available November to March Oct 2018 edition www.landcaretrees.co.uk Please consider if your plants require protection from rabbits or deer. This catalogue is not a
More informationTree whips. Price List Hattens Farm Nurseries Incorporating Tony Horn Forestry Co
Hattens Farm Nurseries Incorporating Tony Horn Forestry Co Eddie and Julie Krutysza Hattens Farm Nurseries Fressingfield Road, Metfield Harleston. IP20 0LL Tel 01379 586325 Mob 07969578031 hattensfarmnurseries@gmail.com
More informationMushRumors The Newsletter of the Northwest Mushroomers Association Fall Show Marks Unusual Year with Surprising Success
MushRumors The Newsletter of the Northwest Mushroomers Association Volume 22, Issue 3 September - December, 2011 Fall Show Marks Unusual Year with Surprising Success After a year in which not one month
More informationHandbook on Mushroom Cultivation and Processing (with Dehydration, Preservation and Canning)
Handbook on Mushroom Cultivation and Processing (with Dehydration, Preservation and Canning) Author: NIIR Board of Consultants and Engineers Format: Paperback ISBN: 9788178330341 Code: NI164 Pages: 544
More informationAlder. Ash WINTER TREE ID
Alder Alnus glutinosa Twig: Rich purple with raised orange warty marks Buds: Purple buds on short stalks and arranged spirally around the twig, buds with 2 or 3 bud scales Bark: Purple brown to dark grey-brown
More informationAgarics of the Louisville area : a taxonomical problem.
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 1949 Agarics of the Louisville area : a taxonomical problem. Eugene H. P. Mondeau
More informationMushRumors. The Newsletter of the Northwest Mushroomers Association. Volume 19 Issue 4 October - December 2008
MushRumors The Newsletter of the Northwest Mushroomers Association Volume 19 Issue 4 October - December 2008 photo by Jack Waytz 2008 Fall Show Caps Off Wonderous Year For Mushrooms And Mushroomers Alike
More informationMacrofungal diversity of the Gireniz Valley (Denizli, Turkey)
Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 44: 11-24, 2016 BRC www.brc.amu.edu.pl DOI 10.1515/biorc-2016-0021 Submitted 3.12.2015, Accepted 21.12.2016 Macrofungal diversity of the Gireniz Valley (Denizli, Turkey) Oğuzhan Kaygusuz*
More informationECOLOGIA BALKANICA 2014, Vol. 5, Special Edition April 2014 pp
ECOLOGIA BALKANICA 2014, Vol. 5, Special Edition April 2014 pp. 115-121 A Study of Larger Fungi of the Boraka Managed Reserve, Central Rhodopes Mts. Maria Lacheva* Agricultural University-Plovdiv, 12,
More informationMycological Society of San Francisco MYCENA NEWS. Submissions for the January newsletter are due by December 20 th TABLE OF CONTENTS
Mycological Society of San Francisco MYCENA NEWS Submissions for the January newsletter are due by December 20 th DEC 2017 VOL 69:02 TABLE OF CONTENTS Holiday Dinner Fungus Fair President s Post Hospitality
More informationEstación Biológica Cocha Cashu, Parque Nacional MANU, Madre de Dios, PERU FUNGI of Cocha Cashu
1 1 Akanthomyces ASCOMYCETE 2 Aspergillus flavus [inside Oxandra seed] 3 Camillea cyclisca 4 Cookeina speciosa 5 Cookeina tricholoma 6 Cordyceps militaris [on scarabid beetle] 7 Daldinia eschscholzii 8
More informationFungi, Algae, Lichens & Slime Moulds - species seen in Selsdon Wood
Fungi, Algae, Lichens & Slime Moulds - species seen in Selsdon Wood We have a booklet entitled "Selsdon Wood Nature Reserve - Its history and Management: Some records of Flora and Fauna" which was produced
More informationVoucher Report for the 2012 North American Mycological Association Foray
Voucher Report for the 2012 North American Mycological Association Foray Scotts Valley, California December 12 16, 2012 The NAMA Larry Stickney Memorial Foray was held at Mission Springs Conference Center,
More informationFUNGI WALK at HODGEMOOR WOOD, September 15 th 2018 Penny Cullington
FUNGI WALK at HODGEMOOR WOOD, September 15 th 2018 Penny Cullington I m delighted and also relieved to be reporting that after last weekend s somewhat disappointing first excursion of the season to Finemere
More informationHygrophoraceae. -basidia in most cases more than 5 times as long as width - waxy thick gills -white smooth spores
Hygrophoraceae Hygrophoraceae -basidia in most cases more than 5 times as long as width - waxy thick gills -white smooth spores Hygrophoraceae Hygrophorus - Medium to large-sized tricholomatoid with decurrent
More informationEastern White Pine Red Pine Norway Spruce
Evergreen Trees Eastern White Pine Pinus strobus Age 2-0 Size 4-9 Matures around 70-100 ft. tall. Prefers full sun to partial shade and can grow in a range of soils. They are moderate to fast growing and
More informationFungi, Algae, Lichens & Slime Moulds - species seen in Selsdon Wood
Fungi, Algae, Lichens & Slime Moulds - species seen in Selsdon Wood We have a booklet entitled "Selsdon Wood Nature Reserve - Its history and Management: Some records of Flora and Fauna" which was produced
More informationCONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF MACROFUNGI OF THE FORESTS ALONG THE FEKETE-KÖRÖS, SE HUNGARY
Studia bot. hung. 30-31, pp. 79-86, 1999-2000 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF MACROFUNGI OF THE FORESTS ALONG THE FEKETE-KÖRÖS, SE HUNGARY G. VASAS Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum
More information! " Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin" Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum! January, 2014!
" Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin" Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum January, 2014 The UW Madison Arboretum recommends planting native tree species to replace ash trees (Fraxinus
More informationSunol Field Trip. Local Plant Communities
Sunol Field Trip Local Plant Communities Populations All of the organisms of one kind in an area. All of the people in this room constitute a population. Communities The populations of various species
More informationNov./Dec., 2012 Volume 40 Issue 6. O h i o M u s h r o o m S o c i e t y. The Mushroom Log
Nov./Dec., 2012 Volume 40 Issue 6 Report on Fall Foray at Dawes By Willie May By Walt Sturgeon O h i o M u s h r o o m S o c i e t y The Mushroom Log Over 40 folks attended the 2012 Fall Foray at Dawes
More informationFungi, Algae, Lichens & Slime Moulds - species seen in Selsdon Wood
Fungi, Algae, Lichens & Slime Moulds - species seen in Selsdon Wood We have a booklet entitled "Selsdon Wood Nature Reserve - Its history and Management: Some records of Flora and Fauna" which was produced
More informationMushRumors. The Newsletter of the Northwest Mushroomers Association
MushRumors The Newsletter of the Northwest Mushroomers Association Volume 27, Issue 4 October - December 2016 A Most Unusual Year For Mushrooms in Northwest Washington, Highlighted by the Annual Fall Exhibit
More informationECO-TAXONOMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF FUNGI ON BISTRA MOUNTAIN
ECO-TAXONOMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF FUNGI ON BISTRA MOUNTAIN Mitko KARADELEV 1 & Katerina RUSEVSKA 2 1 Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics - Skopje 2 Macedonian Mycology Society
More informationToadstools on dung. Birch polypore. 148 Autumn Fungi
Autumn 147 Toadstools on dung. Birch polypore. 148 Autumn Fungi Fungi Autumn is the prime time of year for fungi. The grassy areas of our uplands contain many fungi known to experts as LBJs (little brown
More informationAmerican Chestnut Castanea dentata
American Chestnut Castanea dentata SIMPLE, ELLIPTICAL shaped leaves. Leaves have a TOOTHED margin with each tooth having a fine BRISTLE TIP. American chestnut leaves are smooth and hairless on both sides,
More informationIdentifying Broadleaved Trees in Winter
Identifying Broadleaved Trees in Winter Photo Suzanne Sancisi-Frey, Forest Research Suzanne Sancisi-Frey, Forest Research Identifying winter trees Some features that can be used to identify winter trees
More informationSTEELE SWCD TREE PROGRAM BY THE STEELE COUNTY SWCD OFFICE
STEELE SWCD TREE PROGRAM BY THE STEELE COUNTY SWCD OFFICE Conifer Transplants (use 20 spacings) Blackhill Spruce BLACKHILL SPRUCE: Pyramidal tree that grows to 40, 20 in 20 years. Short bluish-green needles
More informationWestlock Tree Makers 2019 Tree Species
Westlock Tree Makers 2019 Tree Species Acute Willow Very fast growing (6ft feet per year) under good growing conditions Prefer moist, well drained soil Best tree for a quick establishing shelterbelt Max
More informationSpecies List. Happy Valley Goose Bay Foray 2016
Species List Happy Valley Goose Bay Foray 2016 Species LIST Non-lichenized fungi, basidiolichens and myxomycetes Found At the 2016 foray Andrus Voitk, Michael Burzynski, Chris Deduke, Tony Wright, Faculty,
More informationPrepared by Henry Mann, Nature Enthusiast/Naturalist for the Pasadena Ski and Nature Park The Pasadena Ski and Nature Park is situated in a second
Prepared by Henry Mann, Nature Enthusiast/Naturalist for the Pasadena Ski and Nature Park The Pasadena Ski and Nature Park is situated in a second growth coniferous forest having been logged in the past.
More informationCase study: replacement of infected trees on poorly drained soil. Kate's Garden 227 Main St. Markham N Markham, ON L3P 1Y6. Roman Roger Halkiewicz
Kate's Garden 227 Main St. Markham N Markham, ON L3P 1Y6 September 9, 2016 1. Site assessment The following expertise is based on the site visit. (see the list below). Site Location: Aurora, ON Hardiness
More informationMorphological and molecular characterization of some mushrooms in Kashmir Himalayan Forests
Morphological and molecular characterization of some mushrooms in Kashmir Himalayan Forests Romana Farooq 1, Manzoor A.Shah 2, Zafar A.Reshi 3 Department of Botany, University of Kashmir; Srinagar, (India)
More informationElemental Composition of Naturally Growing Wild Edible Mushroom
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 2017, 7 (4): 37-44 (http://www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com) Elemental Composition of Naturally Growing
More informationSpecies Qty Price. Total. Name: Address: Address: City/State/Zip: Daytime phone:
To Order: Fill out the form and return it to: Green Co. Land & Water Conservation Department 1627 4 th Avenue West Monroe, WI 53566 OR E-Mail form to: Chris.Newberry@wi.nacdnet.net Name: E-Mail Address:
More informationMushroom Biotechnology
Mushroom Biotechnology Poisonous and non poisonous mushroom, Introduction to wild and cultivated mushrooms of Nepal and their economic importance.. Reproduction: Mating system in fungi,.homothallism, Secondary
More information2017 Boulevard Tree List
2017 Boulevard Tree List Just as in year s past we are featuring a wide variety of trees that will work in an array of different city boulevard locations. We have larger trees for larger, more open boulevards
More informationWax- bearing plants: Page 1 of 5
Alternative Lighting: Plant Oils and Waxes There are a number of plants, either native of Britain or able to be grown here, that can be used to provide an alternative form of lighting. Some of these plants
More informationPhylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Eudicots (or Tricolpates)
Phylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Basal eudicots Ranunculales Proteales Buxales Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Rosids Caryophyllales Asterids After Jansen et al., 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:
More informationIntroduction. Introduction. Introduction. Cistus. Cistus Pyrophytic ecology. Cistus 07/03/2014
Predictive empirical models for mushroom production in ladanifer stands. Guzman y Vargas (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Volume 37, Issue 3 644-6 Fig. Distribution map and number of species. Pie
More informationForest Mycology: Inventory and Management Strategies for the Sunshine Coast Community Forest. Wild Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms
Forest Mycology: Inventory and Management Strategies for the Sunshine Coast Community Forest. Wild Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms Fidel Fogarty Pacific Reishi Limited Roberts Creek, BC pacificresearch007@gmail.com
More informationA GUIDE TO WINTER TREES OF THE BLACKSTONE RIVER VALLEY IN MASSACHUSETTS
A GUIDE TO WINTER TREES OF THE BLACKSTONE RIVER VALLEY IN MASSACHUSETTS Dr. Craig 1/29/13 PURPOSE We will examine the trunks and twigs of winter trees of the Blackstone River floodplain (lowlands along
More informationPLU Commodity - English Commodity - Spanish 3391 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4084 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4516 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4517 ARTICHOKES
PLU Commodity - English Commodity - Spanish 3391 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4084 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4516 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4517 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4518 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS 4519 ARTICHOKES ALCACHOFAS
More informationWestlock Tree Makers 2018 Tree Species
Westlock Tree Makers 2018 Tree Species Acute Willow Very fast growing (6ft feet per year) under good growing conditions Prefer moist, well drained soil Best tree for a quick establishing shelterbelt Max
More informationVoucher Report for the 2009 North American Mycological Association Foray
Voucher Report for the 2009 North American Mycological Association Foray Lafayette, Louisiana November 26 29, 2009 The 2009 NAMA Foray was held at Lafayette, Louisiana, and hosted by the Gulf States Mycological
More informationHAND BOOK OF MUSHROOM CULTIVATION, PROCESSING AND PACKAGING
HAND BOOK OF MUSHROOM CULTIVATION, PROCESSING AND PACKAGING INTRODUCTION Background to Mushroom Cultivation Importance of Mushroom Cultivation in the Tropics Mushrooms as a Source of Protein and other
More informationClimate change and its mitigation in sustainable coffee production JOSEPH K KIMEMIA COFFEE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Climate change and its mitigation in sustainable coffee production JOSEPH K KIMEMIA COFFEE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Introduction Climate change is any substantial change in Earth s climate that lasts for an
More informationSLIME MOLDS & FUNGI OF THE J.J. COLLETT NATURAL AREA, ALBERTA
SLIME MOLDS & FUNGI OF THE J.J. COLLETT NATURAL AREA, ALBERTA The Area Report prepared for Alberta Environment and Parks Charles Durham Bird, Box 22, Erskine, AB, T0C 1G0; cdbird@netago.ca March 7, 2018
More informationfigure 1 figure 2 figure 3 figure 4
figure 1 figure 2 figure 3 figure 4 18 Wood Inhabiting Fungi in Alaska: Their Diversity, Roles, and Uses Fungal Features: Ecology Figure 1. Woodpecker hole with a fungal porch roof Figure 2. Invading mycelial
More informationDiversity, nutritional composition and medicinal potential of Indian mushrooms: A review
Vol. 13(4), pp. 523-545, 22 January, 2014 DOI: 10.5897/AJB2013.13446 ISSN 1684-5315 2014 Academic Journals http://www.academicjournals.org/ajb African Journal of Biotechnology Review Diversity, nutritional
More informationVoucher Report for the 2014 North American Mycological Association Foray
Voucher Report for the 2014 North American Mycological Association Foray Patrice Benson Memorial Foray Eatonville, Washington October 8 12, 2014 The 2014 NAMA Foray was held at The Salvation Army Camp
More informationTREE SAMPLE OF BERKS COUNTY. Shea Eckert
TREE SAMPLE OF BERKS COUNTY Shea Eckert FLOWERING DOGWOOD Cornus florida (Cornaceae) ID: Simple leaf (3-5 long); opposite arrangement; smooth, sometimes wavy margins; veins curved toward tip; distinctive
More informationChemoinformatic Database Building and in Silico Hit- Identification of Multi-targeting Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Mushroom Species
Supplementary Materials Chemoinformatic Database Building and in Silico Hit- Identification of Multi-targeting Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Mushroom Species Annalisa Maruca, Federica Moraca, Roberta
More informationAn Investigation of Tree Growth and Colonization on a 19 Year-Old Forestry Reclamation Site. Wesley Dement 4/10/17
An Investigation of Tree Growth and Colonization on a 19 Year-Old Forestry Reclamation Site Wesley Dement 4/10/17 Introduction/Goals Provide a brief overview of the forestry reclamation approach. Discuss
More informationJapanese Knotweed Red Winged Blackbird
Japanese Knotweed Red Winged Blackbird Emerald Ash Borer White Ash Tree Asian Long Horned Beetle Maple Tree I am a beautiful songbird native to North America. I live in marine and freshwater wetlands and
More informationOVERVIEW OF FUNGI SPECIES IN PRESPA NATIONAL PARK (ALBANIA)
OVERVIEW OF FUNGI SPECIES IN PRESPA NATIONAL PARK (ALBANIA) Boris Ivancevic 1, Mitko Karadelev 2 1 Natural History Museum, Belgrade, Serbia 2 Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius
More informationPicea abies - (L.)H.Karst.
Picea abies - (L.)H.Karst. Common Name Family Synonyms Known Hazards Habitats Range Norway Spruce Pinaceae P. excelsa. Abies picea. Pinus abies. None known Not known N. and C. Europe. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:koeh-105.jpg
More informationColville National Forest Macro-fungi Surveys Interagency Special Status/Sensitive Species Program Final Report, December 7, 2009
Colville National orest Macro-fungi urveys Interagency pecial tatus/ensitive pecies Program inal Report, December 7, 2009 Kathy Ahlenslager, Colville National orest, 765. Main, Colville, WA, 509-684-7178,
More informationFungifama. June: picnic/bbq September: TBA October: Mushroom Basics
Fungifama The Newsletter of the South Vancouver Island Mycological Society May 2008 Introducing the SVIMS Executive for 2008 President Shannon Berch shannonberch@telus.net 250-652-5201 Vice President Richard
More informationORNAMENTAL PLANTS. County Extension Agent Beaumont, Texas
ORNAMENTAL PLANTS County Extension Agent Beaumont, Texas Ornamental plants are the primary tool in developing functional and beautiful home grounds; the knowledge of plants, their demands, and their proper
More informationFungus Survey of Oxfordshire Newsletter 2013
Fungus Survey of Oxfordshire Newsletter 2013 Editor s News www.fungusoxfordshire.org.uk Our new website has created a lot of interest. We have had a number of enquiries throughout the year and it was good
More informationMYCOLOGY 101. by René Kriek (a non-expert)
MYCOLOGY 101 by René Kriek (a non-expert) How much room does a fungi need to grow? As mushroom as possible!! I started learning about mushrooms three years ago, when I found what looked like an ALIEN growing
More informationTrees and Shrubs. Common Name. Botanical Name. Light Flower Color Characteristics Height Bed. Variety. Picture
Trees and Shrubs Picture Common Name Variety Botanical Name Light Flower Color Characteristics Height Bed 5 Leaf Aralia Eleutherococcus sieboldianus Full Sun to Full Shade Greenish-White Makes a good hedge.
More information