Sunflower trial locations and 1996 acreage harvested for the top producing counties.

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2 KNOW YOUR SUNFLOWER IMPROVEMENT TEAM Jerry J. Johnson, Extension Specialist Crop Production (970) John F. Shanahan, Professor, Extension Crop Specialist (970) James P. Hain, Research Associate, Soil and Crop Sciences (970) Cynthia L. Johnson, Research Associate, Soil and Crop Sciences (970) Mark A. Weimer, Research Associate, Soil and Crop Sciences (970) Ron Meyer, Extension Agent, Kit Carson County (719) Denver Sunflower trial locations and 1996 acreage harvested for the top producing counties. Weld 5,500 Adams 4,700 Arapahoe 1,500 Morgan 4,900 Akron Julesburg Logan 4,800 Wahsington 7,300 Sedgwick 1,300 Phillips 4,400 Yuma 15,700 Idalia Elbert 500 Lincoln 1,100 Bethune Kit Carson 39,000 Cheyenne Wells Cheyenne 12,800 Kiowa 3,500 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to express their gratitude to the Colorado farmers who generously contributed the use of their land, equipment, and time to conduct these trials for the good of all Colorado sunflower producers and dealers: Bethune - George Stahlecker; Cheyenne Wells - Dennis Campbell; Idalia - Jim Roberts; Julesburg - Richard Fryrear. We also acknowledge the participation of the Colorado Experiment Station at Akron (Central Great Plains Field Station). Triumph Seed Co., Inc. (P.O. Box 1050, Ralls TX 79357) contributed oil analyzes and Red River Commodities, Inc. (1320 East College Drive, Colby, KS 67701) contributed seed-sizing analyzes for which we are grateful.

3 Technical Report TR Agricultural Department of Cooperative December Experimental Soil and Crop Extension 1997 Station Sciences TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction... 1 Colorado Hybrid Cultural Conditions in 1997 Table Hybrid Oil Sunflower Performance Data... 2 Akron Dryland Table Bethune Irrigated Table Idalia Dryland Table Julesburg Dryland Table Hybrid Confection Sunflower Performance Data... 6 Akron Dryland Table Bethune Irrigated Table Idalia Dryland Table Julesburg Dryland Table Seed Company Entrants in the 1997 Colorado Sunflower Performance Trials... 9 Entry Forms for 1998 Trials... 9 Additional Copy Request... 9

4 1997 COLORADO SUNFLOWER PERFORMANCE TRIALS Introduction Sunflower has become an important crop center two rows of four row plots (30" spacing between rows and 40' long) were harvested for in Colorado. Production rose from almost grain yield. Oil hybrids were seeded at 19,000 nothing in 1990 to over 126 million pounds in seeds/acre under dryland conditions and at 1996, valued at nearly $17 million. Confection 24,000 seeds/acre under irrigation. Confection sunflowers accounted for nearly $10 million in hybrids were seeded at 15,000 seeds/acre under farm receipts in 1996, and sunflower for oil dryland conditions and at 17,000 seeds/acre totalled nearly $7 million in sales. Colorado s under irrigation. sunflower acreage is highest in Kit Carson, In addition to seed yields (reported in Yuma, and Cheyenne counties. The growth in pounds per acre adjusted to 10% moisture Colorado sunflower acreage signifies a shift content), test weight, moisture at harvest, plant away from the predominant winter wheat/fallow height, lodging, plants per acre (density), oil cropping system to a wheat/spring crop/fallow content (for oil hybrids), and seed size (for system. Colorado State University s cropping confection hybrids) are also reported. The least systems research and superlative extension significant difference (LSD) value, alpha=0.30, education in the Golden Plains area have is reported for yield. Oil content was determined influenced this swing toward sunflowers and by Triumph Seed Co., Inc. using NMR analysis other spring planted crops. from bulked samples. Oil content is expressed on Hybrid seed is used to plant all a 10% moisture basis. sunflower acreage in Colorado at a cost of Growing degree days (GDD) and approximately $1.52 million. Many commercial precipitation were favorable for sunflower hybrids are available to our producers. To help production in For northeastern Colorado our sunflower growers make better hybrid in general, rainfall in 1997 was similar to longdecisions, CSU personnel evaluate commercial term average rainfall totals and well-distributed. sunflower hybrids at different locations in nd Trials were seeded between June 2 and June northeastern Colorado. These trials are the only th 19. GDD s were generally near to the longsource of unbiased hybrid performance term average GDD. Hail was not as frequent in information for Colorado sunflower growers as in 1996 but did result in the loss of the Participation by the seed companies in the state Cheyenne Wells trials. trials is voluntary. Commercial companies were Red leaf rust was evident during the given the opportunity to enter one or more growing season, with small, localized pockets hybrids at any location. Reference to commercial experiencing severe outbreaks. Most oil hybrids companies or hybrids is made with the continue to carry good resistance, but most understanding that no discrimination is intended confection types show varying degrees of rust and no endorsement is implied by Colorado State susceptibility. University. Sunflower head moth numbers were at Colorado sunflower performance trials record levels during 1997 with seed weevil are now planted annually at four dryland numbers somewhat reduced from prior years. locations and one irrigated location. At each trial Spraying generally controlled seed weevil location there are separate trials for oil and for outbreaks. Numbers of sunflower stem weevil confection hybrids. In 1997, the four dryland continue to increase. locations were Akron, Idalia, Julesburg, and Later than normal killing frost meant that Cheyenne Wells. The irrigated location was frost was not a yield constraint. All CSU plots Bethune. The trials at Cheyenne Wells were th were harvested before the October 25 blizzard. completely destroyed by hail in July A randomized complete block design with four replicates was used for all trials. The 1

5 Information regarding sunflower Table 1. Colorado Hybrid Cultural Conditions in 1997 production practices and pest control can be Soil Type Akron Patner Bethune Kieth Idalia Kieth Julesburg Rago obtained from the following source: "High Plains Sunflower Production and IPM," Bulletin No. 556A, Colorado State University Cooperative Extension, Fort Collins, CO Loam Silt Silt Loam Loam Loam Previous Crop Wheat Corn Wheat Wheat Fertilization -1 N acre P2O 5 acre Zn acre Herbicide Roundup Sonalan Roundup Treflan Sonalan Poast Insecticide None Lorsban Asona None Parathon Irrigation None Furrow None None Table 2. Dryland Sunflower Oil Performance at Akron in Plant Hybrid Yield Weight Height 2 Density Bloom Oil lb/ac bu/ac in plants/ac date % Cargill SF Triumph Triumph AgriPro AP DEKALB DK Pioneer brand 63A51 (HO) Pioneer brand Cargill RIGASOL Pioneer brand XF AgriPro AP Interstate IS EXP Pioneer brand 6472 (HO) Cargill X Cargill X Interstate IS Pioneer brand Cargill SF DEKALB DK DEKALB DK Cargill SF Cargill X DEKALB EXP Pioneer brand XF4218 (HO) Triumph DEKALB EXP DEKALB DK AgriPro AP Pioneer brand 63A Interstate IS EXP DEKALB DK Cargill SF Average CV% 19.6 LSD(.3) Trial conducted on the Central Great Plains Research Center; seeded 6/16 and harvested 10/11. Negligible lodging. 2 Julian date (231=8/19). Table 3. Average Dryland Sunflower Oil Performance at Akron, Hybrid Yield Weight lb/ac bu/ac DEKALB EXP Cargill SF Cargill SF Cargill SF DEKALB DK DEKALB DK Cargill SF Pioneer brand DEKALB EXP Interstate IS AgriPro AP DEKALB DK DEKALB DK Cargill X Cargill RIGASOL AgriPro AP Pioneer brand Average

6 Table 4. Irrigated Sunflower Oil Performance at Bethune in Plant Hybrid Yield Weight Lodging Height Density Oil lb/ac bu/ac % in plants/ac % Kaystar Triumph Pioneer brand Pioneer brand DEKALB EXP NK DEKALB DK Triumph Mycogen Cavalry Triumph Pioneer brand Triumph NK X DEKALB DK Cargill SF Interstate IS EXP NK AgriPro AP Cargill X Pioneer brand 6472 (HO) AgriPro AP Interstate IS Interstate IS EXP Pioneer brand 63A51 (HO) Cargill SF Pioneer brand XF Cargill X Pioneer brand XF4218 (HO) Mycogen DEKALB EXP Cargill SF Mycogen Trisun Pioneer brand 63A Triumph DEKALB DK Cargill RIGASOL DEKALB DK NK NK Cargill SF Triumph DEKALB DK Cargill X Average CV% 9.1 LSD(.3) Trial conducted on the George Stahlecker farm; seeded 6/2 and harvested 10/6. weights reported here from combined plot samples, may vary from earlier draft trial results. Table 5. Average Irrigated Sunflower Oil Performance at Bethune, Hybrid Yield Weight lb/ac bu/ac DEKALB EXP DEKALB DK Kaystar DEKALB EXP Pioneer brand NK Cargill SF Cargill SF Interstate IS EXP AgriPro AP Pioneer brand AgriPro AP Cargill X Cargill SF Cargill RIGASOL DEKALB DK Triumph NK DEKALB DK NK Cargill SF Triumph Interstate IS Mycogen Cavalry NK DEKALB DK Average

7 Table 6. Dryland Sunflower Oil Performance at Idalia in Plant Hybrid Yield Weight Lodging Height Density Oil lb/ac bu/ac % in plants/ac % Triumph Kaystar Triumph Pioneer brand Pioneer brand XF4218 (HO) Pioneer brand Pioneer brand 6472 (HO) Table 7. Average Dryland DEKALB EXP Sunflower Oil Performance at Interstate IS EXP Cargill SF Idalia, Triumph Limagrain Genetics LGX Hybrid Yield Weight Mycogen Cavalry lb/ac bu/ac LG Seeds LG DEKALB EXP Mycogen Trisun Kaystar AgriPro AP Pioneer brand Cargill SF DEKALB DK Mycogen Cargill SF Cargill X NK NK X DEKALB DK NK LG Seeds LG Cargill X LG Seeds LG Pioneer brand 63A51 (HO) Pioneer brand XF NK AgriPro AP DEKALB EXP Limagrain Genetics LGX NK Cargill RIGASOL Interstate IS EXP Cargill X DEKALB DK Interstate IS Pioneer brand 63A AgriPro AP Cargill SF Triumph Limagrain Genetics LGX DEKALB DK DEKALB DK Average CV% 15.2 LSD(.3) Trial conducted on the Jim Roberts farm; seeded 6/4 and harvested 10/3. weights reported here from combined plot samples, may vary from earlier draft trial results. 4 Pioneer brand Cargill SF Mycogen Cavalry Cargill SF Triumph DEKALB EXP DEKALB DK NK Cargill SF NK NK DEKALB DK Cargill X AgriPro AP Cargill RIGASOL NK DEKALB DK Triumph DEKALB DK Interstate IS Average

8 Table 8. Dryland Sunflower Oil Performance at Julesburg in Plant Hybrid Yield Weight Lodging Height Density Oil lb/ac bu/ac % in plants/ac % DEKALB EXP Triumph DEKALB EXP Triumph Pioneer brand DEKALB DK Kaystar DEKALB DK Kaystar Interstate IS Cargill SF Interstate IS EXP Pioneer brand Cargill SF Cargill SF Cargill RIGASOL DEKALB DK Cargill X Cargill SF Pioneer brand 6472 (HO) Pioneer brand XF4218 (HO) Pioneer brand XF DEKALB DK Triumph Cargill X Pioneer brand 63A51 (HO) DEKALB DK Pioneer brand 63A Cargill X Interstate IS EXP Average CV% 15.4 LSD 181 (.3) 1 Trial conducted on the Dick Fryrear farm; seeded 6/19 and harvested 10/15. 5

9 Table 9. Dryland Sunflower Confection Performance at Akron in Plant 2 Hybrid Yield Lodging Height Density Bloom lb/ac % in plants/ac date Triumph 760C Seeds 2000 Kodiak Red River RRC Triumph 765C Royal Hybrid Red River RRC EX Red River RRC Red River RRC AgriPro RH Red River RRC Royal Hybrid Red River RRC Red River RRC Triumph 520C AgriPro RH Red River RRC EX Average CV% 20.8 LSD 157 (.3) 1 Trial conducted on the Central Great Plains Research Center; seed 6/16 and harvested 10/11. 2 Julian date (233=8/21). Table 10. Average Dryland Sunflower Confection Performance at Akron, Hybrid Yield lb/ac Red River RRC Royal Hybrid Red River RRC Royal Hybrid Red River RRC Red River RRC EX Triumph 520C 1197 Red River RRC Red River RRC Average 1320 Table 11. Seed Size of Dryland Sunflower Confection Performance at Akron in /64 20/64 18/64 16/64 Above To To To To Hybrid 22/64 20/64 18/64 16/64 14/64 AgriPro RH AgriPro RH Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC EX Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC EX Red River RRC Red River RRC Royal Hybrid Royal Hybrid Seeds 2000 Kodiak Triumph 520C Triumph 760C Triumph 765C

10 Table 12. Irrigated Sunflower Confection Performance at Bethune in Plant Hybrid Yield Weight Lodging Height Density lb/ac bu/ac % in plants/ac Red River RRC EX Triumph 765C Triumph 760C Mycogen Interstate IS Seeds 2000 Kodiak Sigco Sun M9490 RT Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Sigco Sun SS Triumph 520C AgriPro RH Royal Hybrid Mycogen Red River RRC Royal Hybrid Red River RRC Red River RRC Royal Hybrid AgriPro RH Average 1836 Red River RRC EX Average CV% 9.5 LSD 115 (.3) 1 Trial conducted on the George Stahlecker farm; seeded 6/2 and harvested 10/6. Table 14. Seed Size of Irrigated Sunflower Confection Performance at Bethune in /64 20/64 18/64 16/64 Hybrid Above To To To To 22/64 20/64 18/64 16/64 14/64 AgriPro RH AgriPro RH Interstate IS Mycogen Mycogen Red River RRC EX Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC EX Royal Hybrid Royal Hybrid Seeds 2000 Kodiak Sigco Sun M9490 RT Sigco Sun SS Triumph 520C Triumph 760C Triumph 765C Table 13. Average Irrigated Sunflower Confection Performance at Bethune, Hybrid Yield lb/ac Red River RRC EX Red River RRC Sigco Sun SS Red River RRC Royal Hybrid Triumph 520C 1748 Red River RRC

11 Table 15. Dryland Sunflower Confection Performance at Idalia in Plant Hybrid Yield Weight Height Density lb/ac bu/ac in plants/ac Mycogen Sigco Sun M9490 RT Triumph 760C Triumph 765C Mycogen Triumph 520C Seeds 2000 Kodiak AgriPro RH Sigco Sun SS AgriPro RH Average CV% 21.0 LSD 142 (.3) 1 Trial conducted on the Jim Roberts farm; seeded 6/4 and harvested 10/4. Negligible lodging. Table 17. Dryland Sunflower Confection Performance at Julesburg in Hybrid Plant Yiel Weight Lodging Height Density d lb/ac bu/ac % in plants/ac Red River RRC Interstate IS Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Average CV% 16.4 LSD 158 (.3) 1 Trial conducted on the Dick Fryrear farm; seeded 6/19 and harvested 10/15. Table 16. Seed Size of Dryland Sunflower Confection Performance at Idalia in /64 20/64 18/64 16/64 Hybrid Above To To To To 22/64 20/64 18/64 16/64 14/64 AgriPro RH AgriPro RH Mycogen Mycogen Seeds 2000 Kodiak Sigco Sun M9490 RT Sigco Sun SS Triumph 520C Triumph 760C Triumph 765C Table 18. Seed Size of Dryland Sunflower Confection Performance at Julesburg in /64 20/64 18/64 16/64 Hybrid Above To To To To 22/64 20/64 18/64 16/64 14/64 Interstate IS Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC Red River RRC

12 Seed Company Entrants in the 1997 Colorado Sunflower Performance Trials BRAND/HYBRI ENTRANT ADDRESS TELEPHONE D th AgriPro AgriPro Seeds, Inc Ave., Ames, IA (800) Royal Hybrids Agway, Inc. PO Box 169, Grandin, ND (701) Cargill Cargill Hybrid Seeds st Street NW, Fargo, ND (701) DEKALB DEKALB Genetics Corp Sycamore Rd., DeKalb, IL (815) Interstate Interstate Payco Seed Co Prairie Pkwy, PO Box 338, West Fargo, ND (701) rd Kaystar Kaystar Seed Street SW, PO Box 947, Huron, SD (605) LG Seeds LG Seeds 3551 County Road F, PO Box 88, Tekamah, NE (800) Limagrain Limagrain Genetics PO Box 278, Kirland, IL (815) Genetics Mycogen Mycogen Seeds RR 1 Box 22A, York, NE (402) Northrup King Novartis Seeds Box 959, Minneaplois, MN (612) Pioneer Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l., Inc. 210 Gateway Mall Suite-300, Lincoln, NE (402) Pioneer Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l., Inc S. Kentucky, Suite C-150, Amarillo, TX (806) Red River Red River Commodities, Inc East College Drive, Colby, KS (913) SEEDS 2000 SEEDS 2000 Box 101, Breckenridge, MN (218) SIGCO SIGCO Sun Products, Inc. 90 North 8th St., PO Box 331, Breckenridge, MN (218) Triumph Triumph Seed Co., Inc. PO Box 1050, Hwy 62 Bypass, Ralls, TX (806) Entry Forms for 1998 Trials Additional Copy Request Entry forms for 1998 trials may be Additional copies of this report may be obtained from the Department of Soil and Crop ordered from Crops ing, Cynthia Johnson at Sciences, Colorado State University, by C-4 Plant Science Building, Fort Collins, CO contacting Cynthia Johnson, Research Associate, 80523; Telephone (970) ; FAX number C-4 Plant Science Building, Fort Collins, CO (970) ; or ; Telephone (970) ; FAX number cjohnson@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu for (970) ; or $3/copy. cjohnson@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu. 9

13 For the Fastest Access to Up-to-Date Variety Information Come and See Us On the Net Extension Information 1997 Colorado Sunflower Hybrid Performance Trials 1997 Colorado Corn Hybrid Performance Trials 1997 Northeastern Colorado Pinto Bean Variety Performance Trials Collaborative On-Farm (COFT) Results for CSU Winter Wheat Variety Performance Trial Results and much more.., Colorado State University does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, veteran status, or handicap. The University complies with the Civil Right Act of 1964, related Executive Orders and 11375, Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972, Sections 503 and 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 402 of the Vietnam Era Veteran s Readjustment Act of 1974, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, and all civil rights laws of the State of Colorado. Accordingly, equal opportunity for employment and admission shall be extended to all persons and the University shall promote equal opportunity and treatment through a positive and continuing affirmative action program. The Office of Equal Opportunity is located in Room 21, Spruce Hall. In order to assist Colorado State University in meeting its affirmative action responsibilities, ethnic minorities, women, and other protected class members are encouraged to apply and to so identify themselves.