Reshaping of crossover distribution in Vitis vinifera x Muscadinia rotundifolia interspecific hybrids

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1 Reshaping of crossover distribution in Vitis vinifera Muscadinia rotundifolia interspecific hybrids Marion Delame, Emilce Prado, Sophie Blanc, Guillaume Robert-Siegwald, Christophe Schneider, Pere Mestre, Camille Rustenholz, Didier Merdinoglu UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.01

2 Muscadinia rotundifolia: a valuable resource for grape breeding High level of resistance to several major diseases Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.02

3 Muscadinia rotundifolia: a valuable resource for grape breeding difficult to eploit High level of resistance to several major diseases But Unwanted cultural traits and off-flavours Low rate of success of interspecific crosses Poor vigour and low fertility of interspecific hybrids Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.03

4 Introgression of a trait of interest Wine quality Disease susceptibility M. rotundifolia Undesired traits Disease resistance BC1 BC2 BC3 Wine quality Disease resistance BCn Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.04

5 Introgression of a trait of interest M. rotundifolia BC1 BC2 BC3 BC4 Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.05

6 Meiotic recombination between homeologous chromosome pairs Not introgressed / homologous Introgressed / homeologous BC BC BC Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.06

7 BC1, BC2 and BC4 populations to analyse meiosis in hybrid parents Carignan Cabernet Sauvignon Trayshed NC184-4 Cabernet Sauvignon BC1 Barbera BC1 Syrah 68 individuals BC2 Tempranillo BC2 248 individuals BC3 Nebbiolo BC4 79 individuals Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.07

8 Chromosome painting of M. rotundifolia introgressed regions M. rotundifolia accessions Illumina sequencing Muscadinia SNPs Identification of Muscadinia introgressed regions BC populations Genotypingby-Sequencing SNPs Rate of Muscadinia SNPs 1,00 0,80 Threshold 0,60 0,40 0,20 0,00 Physical position Not introgressed Introgressed Genomic region Chromosome pair Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.08

9 Chromosome painting of M. rotundifolia introgressed regions in hybrid parents BC1 BC3 Genome entirely homeologous Homologous and homeologous regions Homologous and homeologous chromosomes Homologous and homeologous regions Homologous () chromosomes Homologous region Homeologous region 0 to 2 recombination events per chromosome Only one recombination event conserved per chromosome Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.09

10 Recombination events in chromosomes bearing homeologous regions 50 BC1 BC3 Individuals displaying a recombination event (%) Size of the homeologous region (% of each chromosome) Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.010

11 Variation of recombination in BC populations M. rotundifolia accessions BC populations Illumina re-sequencing Genotypingby-Sequencing Muscadinia SNPs SNPs Chromosome painting Genetic linkage maps Recombination variation BC1-Chr10 chr10 Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.011

12 Variation of recombination in BC populations M. rotundifolia accessions BC populations Illumina re-sequencing Genotypingby-Sequencing Muscadinia SNPs SNPs Chromosome painting Genetic linkage maps Recombination variation chr10 Genetic distance parent BC1 Chromosome Physical position Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.012

13 Variation of recombination in BC populations BC1 parent BC1 chr2 chr4 Genetic distance BC2 - Chromosome Physical position Genetic distance BC2 - Chromosome Physical position chr12 chr14 Genetic distance BC2 - Chromosome Physical position Genetic distance BC2 Chromosome Physical position Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.013

14 Summary Meiotic recombination of interspecific hybrids is similar to grapevine in chromosome pairs entirely homeologous suppressed in homeologous regions in chromosome pairs partly homeologous enhanced in homologous regions along chromosome pairs partly homeologous The total genetic length of each chromosome is conserved between V. vinifera and hybrid whatever the backcross level and the proportion of homeologous region Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau.014

15 Acknowledgments Marion Delame Emilce Prado Sophie Blanc Guillaume Robert Christophe Schneider Pere Mestre Camille Rustenholz SV QV SV QV Thank you for your attention Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, July, Bordeau