Can inorganic Potassium-phosphonate reduce the use of copper in organic viticulture without causing residue problems?

Transcription

1 Can inorganic Potassium-phosphonate reduce the use of copper in organic viticulture without causing residue problems? Hofmann, U.; Kauer. R. Geisenheim / Germany Randolf Kauer Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

2 Thefollowingproducts wvitcola eretestedagainstdownymildew: Copper oxychloride( Funguran, 450FW) Copper-hydroxide(Cuprozinfl.) Copper-octanuat(Cueva) Myco-Sin, Myco-SinVIN(sulfuric acidclay) Ulmasud, Rocksil (sulfuric acidclay) Differentlimestone-products Propolis Ökofluid, Frutogard(Potassium-Phosphonat) Compostextract(horsemanure, cowmanure) Plantextracts ( i.e. horsetail-equisetumarvense; goldenrod-solidago canadensis; rhubarb-rheumrharbarbarum; willow-salix alba; ivyhederahelix; sagesalviaofficinalis; S. fruticosa; thyme Thympraspecicata) Microbiological antagonists (i.e. Erwiniaherbicola) Randolf Kauer Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

3 vitcola Randolf Kauer Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

4 vitcola Experimental program for thedifferent treatments. Year Treatment Cuprozinfl. (Copper-hydroxide) Frutogard Treatment2 Treatment3 Copper 450FW Myco-SinVIN (Copper-oxychloride) (clay withal-sulphate) Cuprozinfl. Cuprozinfl. AlginBiovital NewCopper-hydroxide Myco-SinVIN Formulation Cuprozinfl Cuprozinfl. AlginBiovital 2007/ 2008 Cuprozinfl. Frutogard NewCopper-hydroxide Myco-SinVIN Formulation Kendal (Plantextract) Cuprozinfl. NewCopper-hydroxide Myco-SinVIN Formulation Kendal Cuprozinfl. (AlgaeextractwithPotassium Phosphonat) 2005 AlgaeextractwithoutPotassium Phosphonat) Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

5 vitcola Disease incidence and disease severity (%) of Plasmopara viticola infection on clusters of the variety Trollinger in the years 2006 and 2007 at Korb, Wuerttemberg Treatments Cuprozin fl. 0,05% 2006 Algin Biovital III, new copper-hydroxide formulation 0,1% Myco-Sin VIN 0,5% Kendal 1% Cuprozin fl Cuprozin fl. 0,05% Frutogard 1% new copper-hydroxide formulation 0,1% Myco-Sin VIN 0,5% Kendal 1% N. App Disease incidence % Disease severity % Cu ++ rate kg/ha 50, , Dr. Uwe Hofmann 0.6 International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

6 vitcola Disease incidence and disease severity (%) of Plasmopara viticola infection on Leafs and clusters of the variety Zweigelt in the years 2008 Langenlois, Austria. (Harm, A. 2009) Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

7 Plant defense responses to pathogen attack Pathogens Defense responses SALICYLIC ACID PR-1 PR-2 PR-5 P. syringae P.parasitica Erysiphe sp. X. campestris VSP2 Pythium sp. A. brassicicola PDF1.2 PR-4 B. cinerea E. carotovora (SA) Proteins Glycoproteins Resistance response Signaling Perception JASMONIC ACID (JA) Polysaccharides ETHYLENE (ET) After Kunkel et al., Curr Opin Plant Biol., 2002.

8 Frutogard Tabakblätter n. 3 Tagen Frutogard Kontrolle Frutogard Alginat K-Phosphit Aminosäuren Applikation Injektion Aminosäuren K-Phosphit PR5 Alginat Kontrolle PR3 Frutogard Wasser PR1 Prof. Kaufmann IBMP Straßburg 2006

9 INRA France Stunden n.d. Applikation Wasser Frutogard Phytoalexine-activation: Stilben-Synthase-Gen in Grape-leafs

10 Frutogard 2,4 % Applikation Induced callose-production on Stomata Grape-leaf: (variety MERESLAN) 9 days after application of Frutogard [7 days after inoculation of Plasmopara viticola] INRA France 2007

11 No H2O2-bilding No H2O2-bilding Grape leaf (varitey: MERESLAN) 5 days after application with H2O 3 days after inoculation with Plasmopara viticola INRA France 2007

12 Nekrosen Plasmopara viticola Plasmopara viticola INRA France 2007 Grape leaf [variety: Solaris (resistant - tolerant)] 2 days after inoculation with Plasmopara viticola

13 H2O2-Bildung Plasmopara viticola Grape leaf [variety: Rupestries (resistent)] 2 days after inoculation with Plasmopara viticola INRA France 2007 Plasmopara viticola

14 H2O2-production H2O2-production H2O2-production H2O2-production H2O2-production Grape leaf (varitey: MERESLAN) without inoculation 2 days after the application of Frutogard 0,6 % INRA France 2007

15 vitcola Preparations containing P- Phosphonate, can contribute to a less risky production in the sense of securing yield and wine quality. It seems possible to reduce or replace copper during the high risk period for downy mildew infection up to the end of bloom depending on the prevailing climatic conditions within the growing season and with respect to regional differences. This could allow for further copper reductions, which would be an important step towards a more sustainable organic viticulture. Randolf Kauer Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

16 vitcola

17 vitcola

18 vitcola Randolf Kauer Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

19 vitcola Randolf Kauer Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD

20 viticola Results indicate, that a restricted use of potassiumphosphonate until phen. stage 68 (end of anthesisflowering) can avoid residue problems. The residues are closed to the detection threshold (0.5 2ppm). Applications of Potassium-phosphonate after the phen. stage 75 (berries like peas, grape hanging) can increase a higher level of residues. Randolf Kauer Dr. Uwe Hofmann International Consultancy of Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim BRD