First Occurence and Susceptibility of Prunus Species to Erwinia amylovora in Hungary

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1 First Occurence and Susceptibility of Prunus Species to Erwinia amylovora in Hungary László Palkovics and Anita Végh Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest

2 Erwinia amylovora (Burrill), plant pathogen bacteria Erwinia amylovora (Burrill.) Winslow et al lots of host plants

3 Fire Blight Disease in Hungary 1995, Nyárlőrinc- Hungary (Hevesi, 1996)- Malus sp. 2011, Budaörs - Prunus domestica (Végh et al., 2011) 2012, Pomáz-Prunus cerasifera Nigra 2012, Budapest- Prunus armeniaca 10/13 hybrid (Végh et al., 2013)

4 Materials and methods - Erwinia amylovora culture on King-B agar - Hypersensitive reaction (A-water,B- Erwinia amylovora) - Pathogenicity - Biochemical tests (API 20E)

5 Materials and methods Host plants Erwinia amylovora isolates Prunus - PCR domestica Ea-Plum-Bo1 Prune - Bacterial d Agen specific primers Prunus armeniaca 10/13 hybrid 16S rrna gene Prunus - Sequence cerasifera analysis Nigra Ea-ApricotPo1 Ea-CherryplumBu1 NCBI Genbank Accession No. HE (1323 bp) HF (1323 bp) HF (1323 bp)

6 Sequence analysis by 16 S rrna gene Brenneria spp. Erwinia amylovora

7 Materials and methods Sweet cherry cultivars Prunus avium Carmen Linda 156 Katalin 261 Prunus serrulata Kanzan Prunus serrulata var. hupehensis Sour cherry cultivars Prunus cerasus Kántorjánosi 3 Újfehértói fürtös Érdi bőtermő Debreceni bőtermő Érdi jubileum Bacterial suspension- mixture of the three strains from Prunus species (5 x 10 8 CFU/ml)

8 Flower infection 20 flowers/cultivar evaluation- 5 days postinoculation disease rate (DR) was calculated by Bertrand and Gottwald (1978) method Érdi jubileum DR Nt t Ni the extent of disease of the cherry and sour cherry cultivars the scale of infection frequency of infection index number of cultivars tested within the selection scale of flower infection (I.-II.-III.) I. symptomless II. partial necrosis on pistil (stigma and style) III. complete necrosis on ovary and/or exudate

9 15 fruits/cultivar evaluation- 4 day postinoculation disease rate (DR) was calculated by Bertrand and Gottwald (1978) method Fruit infection DR Nt t Ni the extent of disease of the cherry and sour cherry cultivars the scale of infection frequency of infection index number of cultivars tested within the selection Kántorjánosi 3 scale of fruit infection (I.-II.-III.) I. symptomless II. Black or brownish partial necrosis around the inoculation point III. Brown or black necrosis on whole fruit with exudate

10 Results of infection experiments Three scale of disease rate Moderately resistant (MR) B=0-0.7 Moderately susceptible (MS) B= Susceptible (S) B= Érdi bőtermő Infected fruits Linda Control Infected flowers Control

11 Disease rate (Moderately susceptibe scale ) Disease rate Results of infection of sour cherry cultivars Flower infection Disease scale Flowers of Érdi bőtermő, Érdi jubileum and Debreceni bőtermő cultivars are moderately resistant (MR) Sour cherry cultivars (0-0.7) Moderately resistant Újfehértói fürtös and Kántorjánosi cultivars are moderately susceptible (MS) Fruit infection Fruit of all cultivars are moderately susceptible Most of the cultivars didn t show significant difference between the susceptibility of fruits and flowers (except Érdi bőtermő and Érdi jubileum ) Sour cherry cultivars

12 Disease rate Results of infection of cherry cultivars Flower infection Disease scale ( ) Moderately susceptible Disease scale (0-0.7) Moderately resistant Cherry cultivars Flowers of Prunus serrulata var. hupehensis cultivar are the most resistant (but the fruits of this cultivar moderately susceptible) The flowers of other cherry cultivars are moderately susceptible

13 Summary and Discussion First identification and characterization of Erwinia amylovora on Prunus species (plum, apricot and cherryplum) in Hungary Susceptibility test of Prunus species to Erwinia amylovora There is significant difference between the susceptibility of fruits and flowers within the cultivars In the future???

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15 Ceglédi Piroska Mandulakajszi

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