АГРАРНИ НАУКИ. Under the patronage of the Minister of Agriculture and Food SECTION PLANT PROTECTION AND AGROECOLOGY

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1 Аграрен университет Пловдив Agricultural University Plovdiv АГРАРНИ НАУКИ AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Година VIII Брой 19 Пловдив 2016 Volume VIII Issue 19 Plovdiv 2016 Jubilee Scientific Conference with International Participation TRADITIONS AND CHALLENGES FACING AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND BUSINESS October 2015, Plovdiv Under the patronage of the Minister of Agriculture and Food SECTION PLANT PROTECTION AND AGROECOLOGY Академично издателство на Аграрния университет Academic Publishing House of the Agricultural University

2 Agricultural University Plovdiv AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Volume VIII Issue Списание Аграрни науки е издание на Аграрния университет Пловдив. В списанието се публикуват оригинални изследователски статии и обзори от всички области на растениевъдството, растителната защита, екологията, животновъдството, икономиката и туризма на български и на английски език. Agricultural Sciences is a journal of the Agricultural University Plovdiv. Original research papers and reviews in all the areas of Crop Science, Plant Protection, Ecology, Аnimal Breeding and Husbandry, Economy and Tourism are published in the journal in Bulgarian and in English. Редакционна колегия Гл. редактор проф. дсн Иванка Лечева Зам.-гл. редактор проф. дсн Дияна Светлева Oтговорен редактор Таня Цветковска Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Prof. Ivanka Lecheva, DSc Deputy-Editor-in-Chief Prof. Diyana Svetleva, DSc Executive Editor Tania Tsvetkovska Членове Чл.-кор. проф. дсн Йорданка Кузманова Проф. дтн Красимир Иванов Проф. дсн Венелин Ройчев Проф. дсн Хари Самалиев Проф. д-р Борис Янков Проф. д-р Алекси Алексиев Проф. д-р Валентин Личев Доц. д-р Красимир Михов Доц. д-р Васко Копривленски Доц. д-р Васко Герзилов Доц. д-р Иван Брайков Международна редакционна колегия Проф. Kонрад Хагедорн, дн, доктор хонорис кауза на АУ Пловдив Проф. Жозе Мануел Пейшото Тейшейра Лейтао, дн, доктор хонорис кауза на АУ Пловдив Проф. Джако Вангронсвелд, дн, доктор хонорис кауза на АУ Пловдив Проф. Уили Меерс, дн Проф. Агниешка Вжохалска, дн Проф. Нурлан Серекпаев, дн Members Correspondent member of BAS Prof. Iordanka Koumanova, DSc Prof. Krassimir Ivanov, DSc Prof. Venelin Roychev, DSc Prof. Hari Samaliev, DSc Prof. Boris Yankov, PhD Prof. Alexi Alexiev, PhD Prof. Valentin Lichev, PhD Assoc. Prof. Krassimir Mihov, PhD Assoc. Prof. Vasko Koprivlenski, PhD Assoc. Prof. Vasko Gerzilov, PhD Assoc. Prof. Ivan Braykov, PhD International Editorial Board Prof. Konrad Hagedorn, DSc, Doctor Honoris Causa of the AU Plovdiv Prof. Manuel Peixoto Teixeira Leitão, DSc, Doctor Honoris Causa of the AU Plovdiv Prof. Jaco Vangronsveld, DSc, Doctor Honoris Causa of the AU Plovdiv Prof. Willi Meyers, DSc Prof. Agnieszka Wrzochalska, DSc Prof. Nurlan Serekpaev, DSc Списание Аграрни науки се реферира пълно в международните бази данни CAB abstracts, EBSCO Publishing, AGRIS и частично в още 30 други бази данни на CAB International The Agricultural Sciences journal is fully referred to in CAB Abstracts, EBSCO Publishing, AGRIS and partially in other 30 databases of CAB International АГРАРНИ НАУКИ AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Гл. редактор проф. дсн Иванка Лечева Editor-in-Chief Prof. Ivanka Lecheva, DSc Oтговорен редактор Таня Цветковска Executive Editor Tania Tsvetkovska Предпечат Едуард Еничерян Pre-printing Eduard Enicheryan Формат 16/60х84 Format 16/60х84 Печатни коли 11,1 Quires 11.1 Академично издателство Academic Publishing House на Аграрния университет of the Agricultural University Аграрни науки, 2016 ISSN Аграрен университет Пловдив, бул. Менделеев 12 Е-mail: agriculturalsciences@au-plovdiv.bg 2

3 Аграрен университет Пловдив АГРАРНИ НАУКИ Година VIII Брой ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Prof. DSc Dimitar Grekov Rector, Agricultural University Plovdiv Prof. Dr. Christina Yancheva Vice-Rector, Agricultural University Plovdiv Prof. DSc Krasimir Ivanov Vice-Rector, Agricultural University Plovdiv Prof. Dr. Neli Bencheva Vice-Rector, Agricultural University Plovdiv Prof. Dr. Yanko Dimitrov Dean of Faculty of Plant Protection and Agroecology Prof. Dr. Zhivko Geshev Dean of Faculty of Economics Prof. Dr. Nevena Ganusheva Dean of Center for MSc and PhD students Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bojin Bojinov Dean of Faculty of Agronomy Assoc. Prof. Dr. Krasimir Mihov Dean of Faculty of Viticulture and Horticulture Rositsa Hristeva Chief Accountant of Agricultural University Plovdiv Georgi Gergov Chairman of the Board of Trustees Borislava Chorbadjieva Students council, Agricultural University Plovdiv INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Prof. Dr. Jaco Vangronsveld Hasselt University, Belgium Prof. Dr. William H. Meyers University of Missouri, USA Prof. Dr. Michael Sykuta University of Missouri, USA Prof. Dr. Agnieszka Wrzochalska IAFE-NRI, Poland Prof. Dr. Andrej Kowalski IAFE-NRI, Poland Prof. Dr. Piotr Siwek Agricultural University of Krakow, Poland Prof. Dr. Michael Boehme Humboldt University, Berlin Prof. Nurlan Serekpaev, DSc Kazakh AgroTechnical University Prof. Dorota Jadczak, DSc West Pomeranian University of Technology, Poland SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE OF AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV Chair: Prof. DSc Krasimir Ivanov Secretary: Assist. Prof. Dr. Mariana Petkova Members: Prof. Dr. Vili Harizanova Prof. Dr. Andon Vasilev Prof. Dr. Vasil Nikolov Prof. Dr. Malgozhata Berova Prof. Dr. Nikolai Panayotov Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ivan Penov Assoc. Prof. Dr. Atanaska Stoeva Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tonya Georgieva Assoc. Prof. Dr. Angel Trifonov Assoc. Prof. Dr. Violeta Dirimanova Assist. Prof. Dr. Dimka Haitova 3

4 Agricultural University Plovdiv AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Volume VIII Issue CONTENT Mammedov C.İ., Shukurlu Y.H., Azizov F.Sh. Mustafabeyli H.L., Aliev Q.M. THE NATURAL BIOCOENOSIS BIODIVERSITY AND ITS PROTECTION IN THE VILLAGE OF SHEKI, BASH SHABALID... 5 Bekzat К. Mombayeva, Bagdavlet Т. Taranov, Vili Harizanova COLEOPTERAN SPECIES (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA), FEEDING ON SAXAUL (AMARANTHACEAE: НАLOXYLON) IN DESERT AREAS OF SOUTH-EASTERN KAZAKHSTAN Evdokia Staneva, Slavimira Draganova VIRULENCE OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA ISOLATES AGAINST LARVAE OF TROGODERMA VERSICOLOR (COLEOPTERA: DERMESTIDAE) Slavimira Draganova, Evdokia Staneva lethal effect of isolates of entomopathogenic fungi ON adult insects of Trogoderma versicolor (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) Elena Petrova, Elena Tasheva-Terzieva, Denis Gradinarov EFFICACY OF BULGARIAN ISOLATES OF THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES HETERORHABDITIS BACTERIOPHORA (RHABDITIDA: HETERORHABDITIDAE), STEINERNEMA ARENARIUM AND S. FELTIAE (RHABDITIDA: STEINERNEMATIDAE) AGAINST THE CODLING MOTH, CYDIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS Noweer, Ezzat M. A. A FIELD TRIAL TO USE THE NEMATODE-TRAPPING FUNGI DACTYLARIA BROCHOPAGA AND ARTHROBOTRYS CONOIDES TO CONTROL ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA INFESTING BANANA (MUSA SAPIENTUM) Olia Karadjova, Zhenya Ilieva, Elena Petrova, Mariana Laginova PREDICTED AND ACTUAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE INVASIVE SPECIES DROSOPHILA SUZUKII (DIPTERA: DROSOPHILIDAE) IN BULGARIA Melika Mohamedova, Eleonora Deleva, Atanaska Stoeva, Vili Harizanova COMPARISON OF PHEROMONE LURES USED IN MASS TRAPPING TO CONTROL THE TOMATO LEAFMINER TUTA ABSOLUTA (MEYRICK, 1917) IN INDUSTRIAL TOMATO CROPS IN PLOVDIV (BULGARIA) Eleonora Deleva, Vili Harizanova, Slavimira Draganova BIOTIC MORTALITY FACTORS IN FIELD POPULATIONS OF TUTA ABSOLUTA MEYRICK (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) IN SOUTH BULGARIA Nagima Tumenbayeva, Bagdavlet Taranov, Dimitar Grekov, Vili Harizanova LEPIDOPTERAN SPECIES (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) FEEDING ON SAXAULS (AMARANTHACEAE) IN DESERT AREAS OF SOUTH-EASTERN KAZAKHSTAN Zlatko Zlatev, Zornitsa Petrova, Emil Penchev CHANGES IN THE CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE OF COMMON WINTER WHEAT DEPENDING ON THE WEED INFESTATION AND THE DATE OF APPLICATION OF A SET OF HERBICIDES Anyo Mitkov, Mariyan Yanev, Tonyo Tonev, Miroslav Tityanov CHEMICAL CONTROL OF RAT S TAIL FESCUE (FESTUCA MYUROS) IN RAPESEED FIELDS Miroslav Tityanov, Anyo Mitkov, Mariyan Yanev, Zаrya Rankova ERGON WG A NEW OPPORTUNITY FOR AN EFFICIENT CHEMICAL CONTROL OF BL WEEDS IN WHEAT Neshka Piperkova, Mariya Zarkova, Belkas Ahmed CHARACTERIZATION OF MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA AND FUSARIUM SPP. ISOLATES FROM SUNFLOWER Dimitriyka Sakalieva Molecular diagnostics of stolbur phytoplasma disease In celery Apium graveolens L Zhenya Ilieva, Iliyan Iliev, Bozhan Zarkov AGE STRUCTURE OF POPULATIONS OF THE CYST NEMATODE HETERODERA FILIPJEVI (HETERODERIDAE: NEMATODA) ON DIFFERENT WHEAT AND BARLEY VARIETIES Donyo Ganchev, Daniela Atanasova IN VITRO SCREENING FOR INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF NATURAL PESTICIDES BASED ON PLANT SOAPS AGAINST APHIS NERII BOYER DE FONSCOLOMBE AND MACROSIPHUM ROSAE (L.) (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) Marin Marinov, Emilia Naydenova, Rumyana Prodanova, Nadezhda Markova, Petja Marinova, Iliana Kostova, Iliyana Valcheva, Donka Draganova, Mladen Naydenov, Plamen Penchev, Neyko Stoyanov SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF SUBSTITUTED 3-AMINOCYCLOHEXANESPIRO-5-HYDANTOINS Tatyana Bileva A RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW AND CONTEMPORARY ASPECTS OF THE USE OF THE GREEN ALGA CHLORELLA VULGARIS IN AGRICULTURE Ekaterina Valcheva, Iliana Velcheva, Bogdan Nikolov, Slaveya Petrova BIOTESTING OF THE MARITSA RIVER WATERS EFFECT ON CROP PLANTVARIETIES Kalinka Kouzmova, Anatolii Nikolaevich Polevoy, Ludmila Effimovna Bozhko THERMAL RESOURCES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE Dimitriyka Sakalieva DiagnosticS of phytoplasma disease on THE ornamental and medicinal plant periwinkle Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. in Bulgaria Mariya Chunchukova, Sonya Shukerova, Diana Kirin RESEARCH OF THE IMPACT OF THE RIVER DANUBE ON THE SREBARNA BIOSPHERE RESERVE BY THE MODEL ECOSYSTEM ABRAMIS BRAMA MACROINVERTEBRATES - SEDIMENTS Yusif Shukurlu H., Shukurova Z.Y., Ismailova A.Ch., Azizov F.Sh. ULTRAVIOLET AND VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CRUDE EXTRACT OF COTINUS COGGYGRIA (COTINUS COGGYGRIA SCOP; ANACARDIACEAE) Mammedov C.İ., Bayramova D.B. LOCAL VARIETIES OF PEARS (Pyrus communis L.) WIDELY-DISTRIBUTED IN AZERBAIJAN Anyo Mitkov, Mariyan Yanev, Tonyo Tonev, Miroslav Tityanov WEED CONTROL IN SUNFLOWER FIELDS BY CLEARFIELD TECHNOLOGY

5 Аграрен университет Пловдив АГРАРНИ НАУКИ Година VIII Брой DOI: /agrisci LOCAL VARIETIES OF PEARS (PYRUS COMMUNIS L.) WIDELY-DISTRIBUTED IN AZERBAIJAN Mammedov C.İ.*, Bayramova D.B. ANAS ShRSC * Abstract Based on research years the rare varieties ranges of folk selection and forms of pears under danger of disappearing have been identified. The range of spreading has been identified by an expedition, a valuable gene pool of nut pears (garden collection) was collected and formed. Azerbaijan has very valuable local folk selection varieties of pears. These valuable domestic varieties of pear are superior to the introduced pear varieties in their longevity, high productivity, high diseases and pest resistance, richness of biochemical parameters, etc. Key words: pear, gene pool, local varieties, domestic varieties. INTRODUCTION The climate of Azerbaijan is favorable for growing all fruit crops. In the centuries-old selection process carried out by the population had been created valuable local varieties of fruit crops, which are the carriers of valuable genetic features of wild relatives of many cultivated fruit crops. Pear (Pyrus communis L.) grows in all fruitgrowing zones in Azerbaijan, mostly in Ganja-Gazakh, Sheki-Zakatala, Guba-Khachmaz zones, Upper Garabakh and in other zones. Soil and climate conditions in these zones are favorable for development of this culture. In 2014 the area of pear gardens in our republic was 5422 ha, 4722 ha of them are fruit gardens. Azerbaijan has very valuable local folk selection varieties of pear. These valuable domestic varieties of pear are superior than introduced pear varieties with their longevity, high productivity, with high resistance to diseases and pests, richness of biochemical parameters etc. Pear fruits are highly nutritious foods and are used in fresh form for almost one year. The fruits of some of them (Nar Armud) ripen late and can be stored for a long time which will significantly increase their consumption. They can be used in preparing of dried fruits, jam, marmalade, jams, candy, candied fruit. The aim of our research is identification of habitats, collection, study, conservation and enrichment of pear gene pool by the expedition researches in the different zones of Sheki-Zagatala region. The main object of our research is identification of areas of folk varieties and wild forms, study of their bio morphological features, conservation of ancient varieties in danger of disappearing, passportization of identified varieties and forms, multiplication, planting of collection gardens from new varieties of pear plant distributed in Sheki -Zakatala region of Azerbaijan and use of these varieties for breeding. (The aim of the research is to identify the spreading range of local varieties and forms of pear and their wild forms, study and assess, give them bio morphological characteristics, create pear gene fund). MATERIALS AND METHODS The objects of research were local varieties and wild forms of pear. Research had been carried out by the expedition in Sheki-Zakatala region of Azerbaijan. Study of the gene pool of the pear had been carried out by Program and methodology of study of fruit, berry and nut crops varieties. (Орел, 1999.) RESULTS AND DISCUSSION By the multi-year folk breeding in Azerbaijan were developed excellent local varieties of pear, differing from each other in term of ripening, size and shape, color and taste of the fruit, tender and succulent softness and so on. During the expeditions and researches in Sheki-zagatala region was met with local varieties of pear widespread in Azerbaijan as Abas Beyi, Jyr Nadiri, Ahmed Gazy, Nar armud, Sini armud, Gurgule (summer gulabi), Galinchag, Shorarmud, Bostan armud, Sineyvaz, Irial armud, Bildirchin budu, Bughdabichen armud, Sunu armud, Garabaghir armud, Jamysh 163

6 Agricultural University Plovdiv AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Volume VIII Issue (Girvenke) armud, Aghagormez armud, Gurguley armud, Agh gulebi armud, Manjilyg armud, Gabankelle armud, Tif armud, Sadyg armud, Sulu armud, Tetir armud, Shahmurad armud, Mezeli armud, Qoom armud, Letenz armud, Nar armud, Gara armud and other varieties which are in danger of disappearing. During the expeditions in Sheki-Zagatala region of Azerbaijan, habitats were identified, have been studied morphological and economic characteristics of local varieties of pear. This article describes only the 4 varieties of them. Abbas Begi (Аgha germez, Мalacha). Old folk breeding variety of Azerbaijan. Synonym-Agha germez. Tree height is average. Fruit is medium sized, oblong- pyriform shaped. Calyx is big and semi-covert. Peduncle is moderately long, slightly curved, and thick, sometimes with a large ochrea in its ground. The skin of the fruit is quite thin, with light orange blush, with a lot of small subcutaneous points of greenish. Fruit pulp is yellowish-white, very juicy, crisp, slightly sour, aromatic and tasty, with low density, oily. Summer variety, fruits ripen in late July or I Decade of August. They can be saved days. It is picky about irrigated and fertile soil. In spring in years with high humidity the leaves and fruits catch scab. Jyr Nadiri. Old Azerbaijani folk breeding variety. Home of this variety is Guba region of Azerbaijan. Tree is Medium strength growth; Crown shape is dense, pyramidal. Grafted onto a Quince plant are early-harvested (for 4-5 in a year). Yield is high- from each tree is kg. The fruit is medium or below average (the average weight of g), oblongpyriform shaped. The skin is smooth, weak sweet, dense, relatively flavorful, sweaty, greenish-yellow, a little blurred blush. The flesh is white, grainy, but not coarse, juicy, sweet wine, a relatively viscous, average-dense delicious. Summer variety, fruit ripen in late July or early August, holds up to th days, after long storage in the tree inside the fetus turning black and spoil. Variety has a production value. AHMED KAZI. Local Azerbaijani folk selection autumn variety. The time and place of this ancient and popular variety are unknown. Tree is a good average height, forms dense pyramidal crown. It grows better in fertile soil. Tree begins early fruiting, so on the rootstock of pear on 5-6-th year and on Quince s 3-4-th year. Fruits annually, the average harvest at the age of 25 are kg from the tree. Good harvest on quince rootstock. Fruits bigger than medium size (average weight of 150 g), correctpear shaped. The fruit hold firmly, almost straight, of medium thickness. The funnel is not deep. The skin is yellow with pale pink blush around the fetus are scattered numerous green subcutaneous points. Pulp is white with tints of cream, buttery, juicy, flavorful. It s enough tasty. The fruits ripen in the first or second decade of September. Fruits ripen in Shirvan in early August and in the foothills areas/in Guba /-at the end of August or in early September. It is cultivated as autumn dessert variety in many fruit-growing regions of Azerbaijan since Nar Armud is an old local Azerbaijani folk breeding variety, widespread in all fruit-growing regions of Azerbaijan, mostly of Sheki-Zakatala zone (the village of Vendam, Gabala region). In some places it is called Vendam armudu. Tree is full-grown, it has widely-round Crown, and shoots are dipped and rare. It fruits very late (in 9-10th age). It blossoms very early. Fruiting is periodically every other year, with moderate yield. Fruits are large, from 250 to 600 grams, rough, globular. By mass, shape and coloration very variable, shoots are one by one. The fruit shape is turbinate. The skin is smooth, thick, relatively coarse, earthy sunny country sometimes covered with a grayish-red cover. Fruit surface is scattered with large green dots. Pulp is white, fragrant, dense, juicy with granulation with weak acid, sweet, and a little sour. There are stony cells under the skin. The winter variety. Detachable crop maturity comes at the beginning of October. It persists until December without altering the taste. In special refrigerators persists for a long time. This variety has many variations, which differ from each other, the size and shape of the fruit. Sini armud. Old local Azerbaijani variety. Trees are sturdy and durable. It fruits after 10 years. Fruits are very firmly attached to the stems and remain on the tree after leaf fall. The fruit is correctlypear shape. The fruit peduncle is short and thin. Peel green, color is the same in ripening period. Pulp is white, sour-sweet, nice, juicy and crispy. The harvest is in late October and continues until the end of March. CONCLUSIONS 1. During the expeditions and research in Sheki-Zagatala region widespread local varieties of pear in danger of disappearing was met. 2. With the aim of protection of local varieties, enrich the gene pool, by grafting in gene pool garden in Sheki Regional Scientific Centre of ANAS the accessions from 30 folk varieties were taken and multiplied and the research on them is continued. 3. By creating the collection and breeding gardens valuable genetic resources nut crops remain for use in breeding to create new high-quality varieties and forms. 164

7 Аграрен университет Пловдив АГРАРНИ НАУКИ Година VIII Брой Table 1. Morphological indicators of pear varieties in north vestern region REFERENCES Rejebly, A., Fruit plants of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan publishing house. Baku, p Bairamova, D.B. and others., Information book of gardener Sada ELM, Baku. Bairamova, D.B., Sh.Sh. Mammadov., Pear varieties spreading in the Shaki-Zagatala regions, Genetic Resources Institute materials., II vol., Baku. Programma i metodika sortoizucheniya plodovykh, yagodnykh i orekhoplodnykh kul'tur , MSKH SSSR. VNIIS im. Michurina, Michurinsk. 165

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