Actinidiaceae. Actinidiaceae. Number of species, worldwide and in Europe. Analyzed species:

Transcription

1 7 Numbe o species, woldwide and in Euope The noth tempeate amily includes 3 genea with 355 species. Endemic species ae absent in Euope. Actinidia deliciosa is equently cultiated in Euope. Analyzed species: Actinidia deliciosa (A.Che.) C.F.Liang & A.R.Feguson Actinidia kolomikta (Rup. & Maxim.) Maxim. Analyzed mateial The xylem and phloem o 1 genus with 2 species ae analyzed hee. Lie oms analyzed: Studies om othe authos: Lianas 2 3 genea Plants analyzed om dieent egetation zones: Studies om othe authos: Hill and mountain 2 Actinidia kolomikta (photo: Enking) Actinidia deliciosa Actinidia kolomikta (photo: Nicolas)

2 8 Chaacteistics o the xylem Annual ings occu in both species (Figs. 1 and 2). Ring boundaies o the diuse-poous species ae epesented by a zone o thicke-walled, lat latewood ibes. (Figs. 1 and 2). Vessel diamete aies om µm (Figs. 1 and 2). Vessel walls ae peoated by ey distinct scalaiom pits but no peoations wee ound (Fig. 3). Peoations o Actinidia kolomikta ae scalaiom with >15 bas and essel walls hae ound pits. Vessel density aies om 50-80/mm 2 (Figs. 1 and 2). Inteessel pits ae bodeed, lage and ound. Vessel-ay pits ae small, ound and aanged in hoizontal lines (Fig. 4). Fibes ae thin- to thick- o thick-walled (Figs. 1 and 2). Fibes ae chaacteized by bodeed pits with a diamete o 3-6 µm. Axial paenchyma is apotacheal in aggegates (Fig. 5). Rays occu in two oms (ay-dimophism): uniseiate and 3-5-seiate (Fig. 6). Rays ae heteogeneous with 2 to >4 squae o upight cells (Fig. 7). pa t ip 500 µm 500 µm Fig. 1. Diuse-poous wood with distinct ings. Ring boundaies ae chaacteized by slightly lattened ibes. Stem o a 4 m-long liana, hill zone, tempeate climate, Botanical Gaden Zuich, Switzeland. Actinidia deliciosa, tansese section. Fig. 2. Diuse-poous wood with distinct ings. The ing-boundaies ae chaacteized by a band o lattened ibes. Stem o a 4 m-long liana, boeal zone, tempeate climate, Botanical Gaden Chabaosk, Russia. Actinidia kolomikta, tansese section. Fig. 3. Scalaiom peoations all along the essel. Peoations ae absent. Oigin as in Fig. 1. Actinidia deliciosa, adial section. p pa Let Fig. 4. Small ay-essel pits aanged in hoizontal lines. Oigin as in Fig. 1. Actinidia deliciosa, adial section. Right Fig. 5. Apotacheal paenchyma in aggegates. Oigin as in Fig. 1. Actinidia deliciosa, tansese section.

3 9 pa 250 µm 250 µm Let Fig. 6. Rays o dieent sizes: uniseiate and 3-5-seiate. Oigin as in Fig. 1. Actinidia deliciosa, tangential section. Right Fig. 7. Heteogeneous ay with >4 ows o squae and upight maginal cells. Oigin as in Fig. 1. Actinidia deliciosa, adial section. Chaacteistics o the phloem and the cotex The phloem is aily homogeneous in most cases. Paenchyma cells and siee tubes ae oten/typically diicult to distinguish in coss-section. Iegulaly distibuted goups o scleeids, mucilage canals and ey long, haphid-like pismatic cystals exist in the phloem o Actinidia deliciosa (Figs. 8 and 9). Ecological tends and elations to lie oms Vessels with lage diametes ae chaacteistic o the liana lie om. Discussion in elation to peious studies The genea Actinidia has been descibed in seeal peious studies (Gegoy 1994). The pesent obseations o Actinidia coespond closely/o the most pat with those om Metcale and Chalk (1957). cy duct Fig. 8. Phloem with mucilage canals. Siee tubes and paenchyma cells ae diicult to si dieentiate. Oigin as in Fig. 1. Actinidia deliciosa, tansese section. xy ph 500 µm pa Fig. 9. Phloem with oundish paenchyma cells and squae siee tubes. Cystals occu in aphid-like om. Oigin as in Fig. 1. Actinidia deliciosa, tansese section.

4 10 Pesent eatues in elation to the numbe o analyzed species IAWA code equency Total numbe o species 2 1 gowth ings distinct and ecognizable 2 5 diuse-poous 2 9 essels pedominantly solitay 2 14 essels with scalaiom peoation plates 2 20 inteessel pits scalaiom 1 22 inteessel pits altenate 2 42 ealywood essels: tangential diamete µm 2 50 <100 essels pe mm 2 in ealywood 2 56 tylosis with thin walls 2 62 ibe pits lage and distinctly bodeed (>3 µm = ibe tacheids) 2 70 ibes thin- to thick-walled 2 76 paenchyma apotacheal, diuse in aggegates 2 98 ays commonly 4-10-seiate ays o two distinct sizes (tangential section) ay: heteocellula with 2-4 upight cell ows (adial section) ay: heteocellula with >4 upight cell ows (adial section) 2 R4 scleeids in phloem and cotex 1 R10 phloem not well stuctued 1 R11 with aphides 1 R12 with laticies, oil ducts o mucilage ducts 1 R16 phellem consists o egulaly aanged ectangula cells, Rosaceae type 1

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