Correct Tree Planting

Transcription

1 Fruit Trees 2016

2 Correct Tree Planting - Choose a position that fits the requirements of the tree. - Make sure the tree is well watered before planting. - Dig a hole no deeper than the roots but two or three times as wide as the diameter. - Insert tree stakes if required. - Make sure the tree is planted at the same level it was planted in the pot. - Back fill and add soil amendments if soil is poor or heavy. - Gently firm down soil and water in. - Add mulch covering the dripline but not around the trunk of the tree. - Protect the trunk with a tree spiral or chicken wire for large animals. Correct After Care Correct Staking - Staking prevents wind rock and the movement of roots. It is not required to straighten the tree. - Trees only need staking if they are over a 1.5m when planting. - Put stakes into the ground before you plant, definitely don t drive a stake through the root ball! - Position stakes opposing the prevailing wind. - A stake should be 1/3 of the height of the tree from the bottom. - Use flexible tree tie, the tree should not be rigidly tied as this will make the trunk weaker. - Unless in a sheltered location use two stakes, in a very windy location use three. - The amount of water needed after planting will depend on the weather, the wind and your soil. If you have clay soil you will not need to water as much and you could run the risk of overwatering. Sandy soils will need more water. Mulching will even out and lessen the need for water. Summer is the worst time to plant trees as water requirements are higher. However even if you have planted in spring the tree may need watering later in the year during dry periods. - Keep a weed and grass free circle at least 1.2m in diameter around the base of your tree for its first three years. Or longer if it s a tree smaller than 2m at mature height. Mulching will help but make sure the mulch is 10cm away from the trunk of the tree. - Check the shape of the tree yearly and prune formatively in winter, but do not remove over a third of the tree in one year. Remove lower branches in stages while young to make a clear trunk. - Fertilisers can be added in the first season but are not necessary. - Check tree ties are not too tight as they can constrict stems and after two years trees should have enough root growth that stakes can be removed.

3 Trees s are one of the most popular fruit to eat and one of the easiest to grow. s require a good deep fertile soil add well rotted manure or compost when planting and mulch. Plant in full sun out of frost pockets and strong winds. A few apples are self fertile but most require a pollinator. s can be trained into several forms, the most popular being the espalier. Cropping will benefit from a little pruning in winter. Harvest in autumn and store over winter. s are not prone to diseases if looked after correctly, but codling moth can be a problem in some places. Blush Babe M mid mid red eating crisp/sweet/juicy Braeburn M eary late red eating crisp/sweet-tart Other features Liberty, Discovery, Egremont Russet, ballerina series

4 Bramleys Seedling M mid mid-late red eating firm/sweet-tart Other features Other mid flowering Coxs Orange Pippin M mid early-mid green/red sweet/nutty eating Other features Other mid flowering Espalier Baujade MM mid late green eating sweet/thin skinned Other features Other mid flowering Espalier Initial MM mid early red blush eating very sweet/low acid Other features Other mid flowering

5 Espalier Liberty MM early mid-late red blush eating crisp/sweet-tart, Braeburn, Discovery, Egremont Russet as well as any of the Ballerina series. Fuji (Aztec) M mid-late late red eating crisp/sweet/juicy Other features Fuji, Tydemans Late Orange, Splendour, Sturmer Pippin & Worcester Permain. Golden Delicious M mid late light green honey sweet eating Other features Other mid flowering APPLE Mother semi dwarf late late red eating sweet/fragrant Other features Belle de Boskoop, Sir Prize

6 Peasgood s Nonsuch M mid mid-late cooking/eating acid/sweet Other features Other mid flowering Royal Gala M mid mid red/green eating crisp/sweet/ creamy Other features Other mid flowering Triple Royal Gala/Braeburn/ Granny MM early-mid mid-late red + green selection eating

7 Apricot Trees Apricots are delicious and versatile, they can be used for jams, baking or eaten raw. Apricots are proliferous and hardy, but protect early spring flowers from frosts. Choose a place sheltered from strong winds but with enough room for good airflow around the tree. Apricots are self fertile but yields will be higher with two varieties. Prune in summer after fruiting establishing a vase shape if needed. When planting add well rotted manure to increase soil fertility. Mulch in spring to keep weeds and grasses clear from the base of the tree improving water retention. Apricot Aprigold Apricot dwarf spring early Orange full size/tangy Apricot Cluthagold Apricot full size spring Mid - late Golden yellow large oval/flavoursome

8 APRICOT Golden Glow Apricot full size spring early - mid Golden yellow full size/juicy Apricot Moorpark Apricot full size spring mid yellow/orange blush/smooth free stone/superb flavour Apricot Sundrop Apricot full size spring mid-late eating/preserving large/freestone/ sweet Apricot Tomcot Apricot full size spring mid orange/red blush very large/intense taste/ attractive

9 Cherry Trees Freshly picked cherries are unrivaled in taste and flavour, self fertile trees make a perfect garden tree. Cherries like a deep, fertile soil with good drainage, so add lots of well rotted manure or compost before planting. Sweet cherries love sun whereas sour cherries can tolerant some shade. Some cherries are prone to splitting, a mulch in spring will even out moisture levels. Birds also love cherries and will eat them before they re ripe so be ready with bird netting when fruits have formed. Cherries can be trained as a fan against a wall and need relatively low amounts of pruning. Cherry Dawson Dwarf Cherry Edabriz interstem spring mid black eating red medium Other features stella, lapins CHERRY Dual Lapins/Dawson Cherry Edabriz interstem spring Mid - late selection selection

10 Cherry Lapins Dwarf- Cherry Edabriz interstem spring mid-late red eating large juicy Cherry Montmorency Cherry colt spring mid - late red white flesh/ sour juicing/baking Cherry Stella Cherry colt spring mid dark red large sweet Cherry Stella Dwarf Cherry Edabriz interstem spring mid dark red large sweet

11 Nectarine Trees Necatrines are essentially soft skinned peaches, they also grow in similar conditions. Nectarines love sun and require fertile soil with good drainage. Heavy soils will need coarse grit added and sandy soils will benefit from well rotted manure. Flowers appear early in the year so may require protection from early frosts. Fruits mainly grow on second year growth, prune older branches after fruiting each year to encourage new growth. Nectarines can suffer from the disease peach leaf curl. A good spray programme is usually required in the colder months. Mulch in spring to even soil moisture levels. Nectarine Early Red II Nectarine n/s spring early yellow flesh/red balanced flavour skin Nectarine Flavourzee Nectarine n/s spring mid yellow flesh/red good size and skin quality

12 Nectarine Garden Delight Nectarine n/s spring mid - late yellow flesh/red large, freestone skin Nectarine Nectar Babe Nectarine n/s spring mid yellow flesh/red juicy, freestone skin Nectarine Snow Queen Nectarine n/s spring early red skin/ large, freestone creamy flesh

13 Nut Trees ALMOND All In One Nut semi dwarf spring mid - late Heavy cropping sweet kernels -7 Degrees, Other features 2 varieties ALMOND Garden Prince Nut dwarf spring mid - late medium sized sweet kernels nuts -7 Degrees, Other features 2 varieties HAZELNUT Barcelona Nut n/a spring mid - late Vigorous grower large nuts Very Other features butler, merveille de bowillier, tonda di giffoni

14 HAZELNUT Merveille de Bolwillier Nut n/a spring mid - late Vigorous grower large nuts Very Other features alexandra HAZELNUT Whiteheart Nut n/a spring mid - late lower vigour medium nuts, excellent flavour Very Other features alexandra, auckland no.2, merville de bollwiller WALNUT Meyric [grown from seed] Nut seedling n/a mid - late matures in 10 - good quality nuts 15 years Very WALNUT Wilsons Wonder [grafted] Nut junglans regia n/a mid - late matures in 5-7 large nut, heavy years crop Very

15 Peach Trees Peaches are delicious and versatile, they can be used for jams, baking or eaten raw. Peaches are proliferous and hardy, but protect early spring flowers from frosts. Choose a place sheltered from strong winds but with enough room for good airflow around the tree. Peaches are self fertile but yields will be higher with two varieties. Prune in summer after fruiting establishing a vase shape if needed. When planting add well rotted manure to increase soil fertility. Mulch in spring to keep weeds and grasses clear from the base of the tree improving water retention. Peach April White Peach golden queen Flower time Harvest time Fruit features spring late white flesh/ heavy cropper pink blush Peach Blackboy Peach golden queen Flower time Harvest time Fruit features spring Mid - late red flesh/eating/bottling medium fruits

16 Peach Dixired Peach golden queen Flower time Harvest time Fruit features spring early red skinned/ yellow flesh resistant to leaf curl Peach Golden Haze Peach golden queen Flower time Harvest time Fruit features spring early eating/bottling large golden fruit Peach Pixzee 60cm Std Peach golden queen Flower time Harvest time Fruit features spring early red skinned/ freestone yellow flesh Peach Red Haven Peach golden queen Flower time Harvest time Fruit features spring mid yellow/medium industry standard - large

17 Pear Trees Pears are the perfect autumn fruit which grows very similar to apple trees. They too need fertile deep soil in full sun, free from spring frost pockets and strong winds. Some varieties are self fertile but will benefit from another variety nearby, otherwise they will need a pollinator. Pears can be trained into several forms, the most popular being the espalier. Cropping will benefit from a little pruning in winter. Harvest in autumn and store over winter. Pears are not prone to diseases if looked after correctly, but pear slug can be a problem but is easily remedied. Pear Beurre Bosc Pear communis spring mid eating/brown sweet/juicy/large skin Other features Doyenne du Comice, Taylors Gold, Williams bon Cretien, Winter Cole, Winter Nelis, Nashi Hosui and Nashi Nijiseiki Pear Conference Pear communis spring mid eating/long juicy necked

18 Pear Doubles Taylors Gold/Packhams Pear communis spring mid - late selection selection Pear Doubles Taylors Gold/Winter Nelis Pear communis spring mid - late selection selection Pear Doyenne du Comice Pear communis spring mid - late green skinned/ flushed red juicy/sweet/soft flesh Other features Beurre Bosc, Williams bon Cretien, Winter Cole, Winter Nelis, Nashi Hosui and Nashi Nijiseiki. Pear Packhams Triumph Pear communis spring mid eating/storing large/reliable Other features Precoce Morettini, Seckel, Winter Nelis, Taylors Gold, Nashi Hosui and Nashi Nijiseiki.

19 Pear Taylors Gold Pear communis spring Mid - late russeted/eating great flavour Other features Beurre Bosc, Packham s Triumph, Williams bon Cretien, Winter Cole, Winter Nelis, Nashi Hosui and Nashi Pears (or Asian pears) are beautiful trees as well as being very heavy croppers. They are more disease resistant than normal pears and are very reliable. Rounded fruit like an apple but with the juicy taste of a pear. Grow in the same conditions as a pear tree and harvest in autumn. Nashis are self fertile and can be used to pollinate several varieties of pears. Nashi Double Hosui/Nijiseiki Pear communis spring mid selection selection Nashi Nijiseiki Pear communis spring mid golden skin/ juicy/crisp/sweet creamy flesh

20 Plum Trees Plums are beautifully indulgent summer fruit. Like most fruit trees they like fertile deep soil with good drainage so add well rotted manure or compost when planting. Plant in full sun out of pockets and sheltered from strong winds. Plum Billington Some plums are self fertile but benefit from another variety. Plums require little pruning and can be trained into a fan shape against a wall. Plums are effected by few diseases. Cherry pear slug can be a problem especially when young but is easily treated. Plum n/s spring early dark red skin/ heavy cropper flesh PLUM Black Doris Plum n/s spring mid black skin/red sweet/juicy flesh Other features Billington, Duff?s Early Jewel, Elephant Heart and Santa Rosa.

21 Plum Coes Golden Drop Plum n/s spring Mid - late yellow fruit rich/juicy Other features Damson, Reine Claude de Bavay, Italian and Stanley Plum Damson Plum n/s spring Mid - late blue skin/ yell. small oval Flesh Plum Elephant Heart Plum n/s spring Mid - late large heart very sweet/juicy shaped Other features Omega, Santa Rosa and Sultan. Plum Hawera Plum n/s spring mid dark red skin/ flesh freestone, large sweet/juicy

22 Plum Reine Claude de Bavay Plum n/s spring late green skin/flesh rich/heavy crop Plum Santa Rosa Plum n/s spring early - mid purple skin/yellow flesh tangy/juicy Plumcot Scarlet Sunrise Apricot plum Hybrid golden queen spring early - mid red/purp. skin - very sweet yell. flesh Plumcot Spring Satin Apricot plum Hybrid semi dwarf spring early red/purp. skin - very sweet yell. flesh Other features burbank, santa rosa