2003 Tree Borer Survey
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1 2003 Tree Borer Survey Diane Alston Utah State University 2004 Utah State Horticultural Association Convention
2 2003 Tree Borer Survey Status of trunk borer pests Current Utah situation 2003 tree borer survey data Beetle borers Moth borers Observations on root borers Orchard management strategies
3 Apple Flatheaded Borer (Chrysobothris femorata)
4 Moth Borers Clearwing Moth: Greater Peachtree Borer Snout Moth: American Plum Borer
5 Bark Beetles Shothole Borers
6 Why are borers more troublesome? 5 years of drought/heat tree stress Sources of borers Sanitation!! Wood piles get rid of cut wood before May 2-3 yr old trees susceptible Sunscald, winter injury, pruning wounds Paint trunks Keep vegetation away from trunks
7 2003 Trunk Borer Survey Apple, Peach, Cherry Panel Traps Ethanol Lure Flatheaded borer Shothole borers Pheromone Traps Species specific pheromones Moth borers
8 Beetle Borers Collected Apple Flatheaded Borer (Chrysobothris femorata) ¼-½inch Bark Beetles: Ambrosia beetle (Xyleborus saxeseni) Shothole borer (Scolytus rugulosus) European Elm BB (Scolytus multistriatus) Ips (Ips integer) <¼ inch Ten-lined June Beetle (Polyphylla decemlineata) 1 1 ½ inch Root borer
9 Beetle Borers Collected in Panel Traps with Ethanol Lures 25 No. in 10 traps* May Jun Jul Aug/Sep Oct/Nov AFlatHead Ambrosia 10-linedJune Shothole EurElmBB Ips *10 traps at 10 sites (Box Elder, Davis & Utah Counties)
10 Management of Flatheaded Borers Sanitation, remove infested wood, paint/protect trunks, prevent stresses 10 No. in 10 traps* Apple Flatheaded Borer Peak adult flight: May-Jul Protective trunk spray about Jun 1 and repeat 3-4 wk later if needed 0 May Jun Jul Aug/Sep Oct/Nov Lorsban, Thiodan, Guthion, Malathion AFlatHead
11 Management of Bark Beetles Sanitation, remove infested wood, paint/protect trunks, prevent stresses 25 No. in 10 traps* May Jun Jul Aug/Sep Oct/Nov Ambrosia Shothole EurElmBB Ips Ambrosia/Shothole Borers Summer flights Treat late May/early Jun and late Aug/Sep (unprotected) Lorsban, Thiodan, Guthion, Asana, Malathion
12 Management of June Beetles Sanitation, remove infested wood, paint/protect trunks, prevent stresses Prevent in new plantings 20 No. in 10 traps* May Jun Jul Aug/Sep Oct/Nov 10-linedJune Ten-lined June Beetle Root borer 2-4 yr life cycle Peak adult flight: Jul & Aug Protect new orchard sites
13 Clearwing Moths Moth Borers Collected Greater Peachtree Borer / Peach Crown Borer Poplar Clearwing Moth / Cottonwood Crown Borer Ash Borer Snout Moth American Plum Borer
14 Moth Borers Collected in Pheromone Traps No. in 11 traps* Peachtree Poplar Ash Amer Plum 0 Jun Jul Aug/Sep Oct/Nov *11 traps at 11 sites (Box Elder, Davis & Utah Counties)
15 Management of Greater Peachtree Borer Utah: peach, nectarine, apricot Very effective mating disruption Isomate-P not limited by small orchards place dispensers at biofix (late Jun) Protective trunk sprays Jul 1 st, Aug 1 st Lorsban one application Thiodan two applications
16 Observations of Other Borers Leaf-notching / Root-feeding Weevils Otiorhynchus meridionalis Lilac weevil Strawberry root weevil Pest of ornamentals Insecticide application in May when notching first appears
17 Observations of Other Borers Larvae bore into roots and crown Large beetle Prionus californicus Adults fly at night Older sweet cherry roots with extensive damage No success with insectparasitic nematodes
18 Orchard Management Strategies for Borers Sanitation!!! (get rid of cut wood by May) Maintain tree vigor!!! Prevent trunk injury White paint Remove vegetation Avoid planting new orchards near sources
19 Orchard Management Strategies for Borers Preventive Trunk Sprays Flatheaded Borer: Jun 1 st, repeat if needed Ambrosia beetles/shothole borers: late May/early Jun (already insecticides going on) & late Aug/Sep (trees unprotected) Greater Peachtree Borer: Isomate-P, Jul 1 st, Aug 1 st Root Borers New sites; Imidacloprid (Admire) soil application not registered yet
20 Future Plans for Tree Borer Research More survey (expand, more intensive to define flight periods, different traps, lures) Seeking funding through USDA APHIS pest survey program (Homeland Security) Validate, refine timing of sprays & insecticides Grower cooperators
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