5.1 Tree Species : Observations & records

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2 5.1 Tree Species : Observations & records We did talk about various biodiversityand we have concentrated on tree diversity for our subject-interest. During our field trips, we have visited following 225 tree species (50 families) and have arranged them as per Bentham and Hooker classification in following table. Table 13: Trees species of urban Ahmedabad Sr. No. Botanical name Family Habitat 1 Michelia champaca L. Magnoliaceae Ornamental 2 Annona muricata L. Annonaceae Botanical Garden 3 Annona reticulata L. Annonaceae Botanical Garden 4 Annona squamosa L. Annonaceae Wild 5 Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Annonaceae Road Side 6 Capparis grandis L. Capparaceae Wild 7 Crateva religiosa Forst & Prodr. Capparaceae Botanical Garden 8 Bixa orellana L. Bixaceae Botanical Garden 9 Calophyllum inophyllum L. Guttiferae (Clusiaceae) Botanical Garden 10 Garcinia indica chois Guttiferae (Clusiaceae) Botanical Garden 11 Messua ferra L Guttiferae (Clusiaceae) Botanical Garden 12 Kydia calycina Roxb Malvaceae Botanical Garden 13 Thespesia populnea (L.) Malvaceae Botanical Garden 14 Adansonia digitata L. Bombacaceae Botanical Garden 15 Bombax ceiba L. Bombacaceae Wild 16 Ceiba pentandra Gaertn. Bombacaceae Botanical Garden 17 Dombeya acutangula L. Sterculiaceae Botanical Garden 18 Dombeya burgessiaegerr Sterculiaceae Botanical Garden 19 Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. Sterculiaceae Botanical Garden 20 Pterospermum acerifolium Wild Sterculiaceae Botanical Garden 21 Pterospermum suberifolium Lam. Sterculiaceae Botanical Garden 22 Sterculia foetida Linn Sterculiaceae Botanical Garden 23 Sterculia urens Roxb Sterculiaceae Botanical Garden 24 Guaiacum officinale L Zygophyllaceae Botanical Garden 25 Averrohoa carambola L Averrohoaceae Botanical Garden 26 Aegle marmelos. (L). Corr. Rutaceae Wild 27 Atlantia monophylla, DC. Rutaceae Cultivated 28 Citrus lemon (L) Burm Rutaceae Cultivated 29 Citrus maxima (Burn.) Merr. Rutaceae Cultivated 30 Citrus medica Linn, Rutaceae Cultivated 31 Citrus reticulara B. lanco Rutaceae Botanical Garden 32 Citrus sinensis Osbek. Rutaceae Botanical Garden 2

3 33 Limonia acidissima L Rutaceae Wild 34 Murraya koenigii (L.) Streng. Rutaceae Cultivated 35 Murraya paniculata (L.). Jack Rutaceae Ornamental 36 Triphasia aurantiola Lour Rutaceae Botanical Garden 37 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb Simaroubaceae Wild 38 Balanites aegyptiaca (L). Balanitaceae Wild 39 Commiphora wightii (Arn). Burseraceae Botanical Garden 40 Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Meliaceae Wild 41 Heynea trijuga Roxb. Meliaceae Botanical Garden 42 Melia azedarach L Meliaceae Botanical Garden 43 Swietenia mahagoni L.Jacq Meliaceae Botanical Garden 44 Zizyphus glaberrima Santapau. Rhamnaceae Wild 45 Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth Rhamnaceae Wild 46 Zizyphus horrida Roth. Rhamnaceae Wild 47 Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Rhamnaceae Wild 48 Zizyphus oenoplia (L.) Mill. Rhamnaceae Wild 49 Zizyphus rugosa Lam. Rhamnaceae Wild 50 Zizyphus xylopyra (Retz). Wild Rhamnaceae Wild 51 Sapindus emarginatus Vahl. Sapindaceae Wild 52 Sapindus laurifolius Vahl. Sapindaceae Wild 53 Anacardium occidentale L. Anacardiaceae Botanical Garden 54 Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Anacardiaceae Botanical Garden 55 Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merrill Anacardiaceae Wild 56 Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae Cultivated 57 Semecarpus anacardium L. Anacardiaceae Botanical Garden 58 Moringa concanensis Nimmo Moringinaceae Wild 59 Moringa oleifera Lam. Moringinaceae Wild 60 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Fabaceae Wild 61 Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. Fabaceae Botanical Garden 62 Dalbergia sissoo Roxb Fabaceae Botanical Garden 63 Erythrina indica L. Fabaceae Botanical Garden 64 Erythrina variegata L. Fabaceae Wild 65 Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp Fabaceae Road Side 66 Ougeinia oojeinensis (Roxb.) Hochreut Fabaceae Botanical Garden 67 Derris indica (Lam.) Bennet Fabaceae Wild 68 Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. Fabaceae Botanical Garden 69 Bauhinia acuminata Linn Caesalpiniaceae Botanical Garden 70 Bauhinia purpurea Linn Caesalpiniaceae Botanical Garden 71 Bauhinia racemosa Lam. Caesalpiniaceae Wild 72 Bauhinia tomentosa L. Caesalpiniaceae Wild 73 Bauhinia variegata L. Caesalpiniaceae Botanical Garden 3

4 74 Caesalpinia coriariawild. Caesalpiniaceae Botanical Garden 75 Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Caesalpiniaceae Ornamental 76 Caesalpinia sappan L. Caesalpiniaceae Ornamental 77 Cassia fistula L. Caesalpiniaceae Wild 78 Cassia grandis L. Caesalpiniaceae Botanical Garden 79 Cassia javanica L. Caesalpiniaceae Road Side 80 Cassia renigera Wall ex Bth. Caesalpiniaceae Ornamental 81 Cassia roxburghii DC. Caesalpiniaceae Road Side 82 Cassia siamea Lam. Caesalpiniaceae Road Side 83 Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Caesalpiniaceae Road Side 84 Hardwickia binata Roxb. Caesalpiniaceae Botanical Garden 85 Parkinsonia aculeata L. Caesalpiniaceae Wild 86 Peltophorum ptereocarpum (DC.) Backer Caesalpiniaceae Road Side 87 Saraca asoca(roxb.) De. Caesalpiniaceae Botanical Garden 88 Tamarindus indica L. Caesalpiniaceae Wild 89 Acacia auriculiformis Griseb. Mimosaceae Road Side 90 Acacia chundra (Roxb ex. Rott) Wild, Acacia catechu (L.f.) Wild Mimosaceae Wild 91 Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Wild Mimosaceae Wild 92 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del. Sub sp astringens Mimosaceae Wild 93 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del. Sub sp. indica Bren. Mimosaceae Wild 94 Acacia raddiana Savi. Mimosaceae Road Side 95 Acacia senegal (L.) Wild. Mimosaceae Wild 96 Acacia sinuata (Lour.) Merr. Mimosaceae Botanical Garden 97 Adenanthera pavonina L. Mimosaceae Botanical Garden 98 Albizzia lebbeck (L.) (Bth.) Mimosaceae Wild 99 Albizzia procera (Roxb.) Bth. Mimosaceae Wild 100 Albizzia odoratissima (L. f.) Bth. Mimosaceae Road Side 101 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Mimosaceae Wild 102 Mimosa hamatawild. Mimosaceae Wild 103 Parkia biglandulosa Wight. & Arn. Mimosaceae Botanical Garden 104 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.)Bth. Mimosaceae Wild 105 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Mimosaceae Wild 106 Prosopis juliflora (Swartz.) DC. Mimosaceae Wild 107 Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merrill. Mimosaceae Road Side 108 Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb.) Combretaceae Botanical Garden 109 Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) W. Combretaceae Road Side 110 Terminalia bellirica (Gaerth.) Roxb. Combretaceae Botanical Garden 4

5 111 Terminalia catappa L. Combretaceae Cultivated 112 Terminalia chebula Retz. Combretaceae Botanical Garden 113 Terminalia crenulata Roth. Combretaceae Botanical Garden 114 Barringtonia racemosa Roxb. Myrtaceae Botanical Garden 115 Callistemon lanceolatus DC. Myrtaceae Ornamental 116 Eucalyptus globuls Labill Myrtaceae Cultivated 117 Melaleuca leucadendron L. Myrtaceae Botanical Garden 118 Psidium guajava L. Myrtaceae Cultivated 119 Syzigium heyneanum Wall Myrtaceae Botanical Garden 120 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels.. Myrtaceae Wild 121 Syzygium malaccensis Merrt Myrtaceae Botanical Garden 122 Courpita guinanensis Aubl. Lecythidaceae Botanical Garden 123 Lagerstroemia indica L. Lythraceae Botanical Garden 124 Punica granatum L Punicaceae Cultivated 125 Carica papaya L. Caricaceae Cultivated 126 Alangium salvifolium (L.f.) Wang Alangiaceae Wild 127 Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Bth Rubiaceae Botanical Garden 128 Anthocephalus indicus A. Rubiaceae Botanical Garden 129 Gardenia turgida Roxb Rubiaceae Botanical Garden 130 Ixora parviflora Vahl Rubiaceae Botanical Garden 131 Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Konth Rubiaceae Botanical Garden 132 Morinda citrifolia L. Rubiaceae Botanical Garden 133 Xeromphis spinosa (Thumb.) Rubiaceae Botanical Garden 134 Jacquinia ruscifolia Jacq. Theophrastaceae Botanical Garden 135 Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.)Dub. Sapotaceae Wild 136 Mimusops elengi L Sapotaceae Road Side 137 Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel. Sapotaceae Wild 138 Manilkara zapota (L.) Van. Sapotaceae Cultivated 139 Diospyros cordifolia Roxb. Ebenaceae Wild 140 Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. Ebenaceae Wild 141 Diospyros peregriana (Gaertn.) Guerke. Ebenaceae Botanical Garden 142 Nyctanthes arbortristis L. Oleaceae Wild 143 Salvadora oleoides Decne. Salvadoraceae Wild 144 Salvadora persica L. Salvadoraceae Wild 145 Alstonia scholaris R. Br. Apocynaceae Wild 146 Ervatamia divarcata (L.) Apocynaceae Botanical Garden 147 Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall Apocynaceae Botanical Garden 148 Nerium indicun Mill. Apocynaceae Ornamental 149 Plumeria alba L. Apocynaceae Ornamental 150 Plumaria rubra L Apocynaceae Ornamental 5

6 151 Plumaria rubra L. sub spp. acutifolia Apocynaceae Ornamental 152 Strophanthus wallichii A. DC. Apocynaceae Botanical Garden 153 Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Merrill. Apocynaceae Ornamental 154 Wrightia tinctoria R. Br. Apocynaceae Botanical Garden 155 Cordia dichotoma Forst. f. Ehretiaceae Wild 156 Cordia domestica Roth. Ehretiaceae Wild 157 Cordia gharaf (Forsk.) Ehrenb. Ehretiaceae Wild 158 Cordia perrottetii Wt Ehretiaceae Wild 159 Cordia sebstena L. Ehretiaceae Ornamental 160 Ehretia laevis Roxb. Ehretiaceae Wild 161 Bignonia megapotamica L. Bignoniaceae Road Side 162 Crescentia cujete L. Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 163 Haplophragma adenophyllum (Wall.) P. Dop Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 164 Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 165 Kigelia pinnata. (Jacq.) DC. Bignoniaceae Road Side 166 Millingtonia hortensis L. Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 167 Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 168 Radermachera xylocarpa Roxb Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 169 Spathodea campanulata Beauv Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 170 Tabebuia argentea (Bur.) Britt. Bignoniaceae Road Side 171 Tabebuia rosea (Bertol. )DC. Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 172 Tabebuia ochracea (cham).stand Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 173 Tabebuia berteroi (DC) Bignoniaceae Botanical Garden 174 Tecoma stans (L.) H. B. Bignoniaceae Ornamental 175 Tecomella undulata Seem Bignoniaceae Wild 176 Gmelina arborea Roxb. Verbenaceae Botanical Garden 177 Tectona grandis L.f. Verbenaceae Botanical Garden 178 Vitex negundo L. Verbenaceae Wild 179 Coccoloba pubescens, L Polygonaceae Botanical Garden 180 Coccoloba uvifera L. Polygonaceae Botanical Garden 181 Cinnamomum tamala Ness. Lauraceae Botanical Garden 182 Grevillea robusta Cunn. Proteaceae Road Side 183 Santalum album L. Santalaceae Botanical Garden 184 Cicca acida (L.) Merr. Euphorbiaceae Botanical Garden 185 Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Euphorbiaceae Cultivated 186 Jatropha curcas L. Euphorbiaceae Wild 187 Jatropha gossypifolia L. Euphorbiaceae Wild 188 Drypetes roxburghii (Wall.) (Hurus.) Euphorbiaceae Botanical Garden 189 Euphorbia tirucalli L. Euphorbiaceae Botanical Garden 6

7 190 Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Ulmaceae Wild 191 Casuarina equisetifolia L. Casuarinaceae Road Side 192 Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Moraceae Botanical Garden 193 Ficus benghalensis L. Moraceae Wild 194 Ficus benjamina L. Moraceae Ornamental 195 Ficus carica L. Moraceae Botanical Garden 196 Ficus elastic Roxb. Moraceae Ornamental 197 Ficus hispida L.f. Moraceae Wild 198 Ficus krishanae C de C. Moraceae Botanical Garden 199 Ficus microcarpa L. Moraceae Wild 200 Ficus racemosa L. Moraceae Wild 201 Ficus religiosa L. Moraceae Wild 202 Ficus rumphii Bl. Moraceae Botanical Garden 203 Ficus virens Alt. Moraceae Wild 204 Morus alba L. Moraceae Cultivated 205 Streblus asper Lour. Moraceae Wild 206 Musa paradisiaca L. Musaceae Cultivated 207 Ravenala madagascariensis Sonnert. Musaceae Botanical Garden 208 Areca catechu L. Arecaceae Botanical Garden 209 Borassus flabellifer L. Arecaceae Botanical Garden 210 Caryota urens L. Arecaceae Road Side 211 Cocos nucifera L. Arecaceae Cultivated 212 Corypha umbraculiferal. Arecaceae Ornamental 213 Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Arecaceae Botanical Garden 214 Howea forsterina Becc. Arecaceae Ornamental 215 Hyphaene indica Becc. Arecaceae Botanical Garden 216 Livistona chinensis R. Br. Arecaceae Ornamental 217 Livistona rotundifolia Mart. Arecaceae Ornamental 218 Phoenix dactylifera Roxb. Arecaceae Botanical Garden 219 Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb. Arecaceae Wild 220 Rhapis excelsa (Thunb) A. Henry Arecaceae Ornamental 221 Roystonea regia (H.B. & K.) O. Arecaceae Ornamental 222 Bambusa arudinaceae (Retz.) Willd. Poaceae Road Side 223 Bambusa verntricosa Mc clure Poaceae Cultivated 224 Bambusa vulgaris var. stricta Gamble. Poaceae Botanical Garden 225 Dendrocalamus strictus Ness. Poaceae Botanical Garden 7

8 We have arranged these tree species with families, genera and with artificial key according to Bentham and Hooker s classification system modified by Hutchinson Table 14 : Artificial keys for tree species of urban Ahmedabad Analysis of Dicotyledons and Monocotyledons Class Sub Class Series Order Dicotyledons Polypetalae Name of the family Total Genera Total species in Genera Totalspecies in family Magnoliaceae 1 Michelia (1) 1 Ranales Annona (3) Annonaceae 2 Polyalthia (1) 4 Capparis (1) Capparaceae 2 Parietales Crateva (1) 2 Bixaceae 1 Bixa (1) 1 Calophyllum (1) Guttiferae Guttiferales 3 Garcinia (1) 3 (Clusiaceae) Mesua (1) Thalamiflorae Kydia (1) Malvaceae 2 2 Thespesia (1) Adansonia (1) Bombacaceae 3 Bombax (1) 3 Malvales Ceiba (1) Dombeya (2) 7 Sterculiaceae 4 Gugzuma (1) Pterospermum (2) Sterculia (2) Disciflorae Geraniales Zygophyllaceae 1 Guaiacum (1) 1 8

9 Averrohoaceae 1 Averrhoa (1) 1 Aegle (1) Rutaceae 6 Atalantia (1) Citrus (5) Limonia (1) Murraya (2) Triphasia (1) 11 Simaroubaceae 1 Ailanthus (1) 1 Balanitaceae 1 Balanites(1) 1 Burseraceae 1 Commiphora 1 Azadirachta (1) Meliaceae 4 Heynea. (1) Melia (1) Swietenia(1) 4 Celastrales Rhamnaceae 1 Zizyphus (7) 7 Sapindaceae 1 Sapindus (2) 2 Anacardium (1) Sapindales Anacardiaceae 5 Buchanania (1) Lannea (1) Mangifera(1) Semecarpus(1) 5 Moringinaceae 1 Moringa (2) 2 Butea (1) Calyciflorae Rosales Fabaceae 7 Dalbergia (2) Erythrina (2) Gliricidia (1) 9 9

10 Myrtales Caesalpiniaceae 9 Mimosaceae 9 Combretaceae 2 Myrtaceae 6 Ougeinia (1) Pongamia (1) Pterocarpus (1) Bauhinia (5) Caesalpina (3) Cassia (6) Delonix (1) Hardwickia (1) Parkinsonia (1) Peltophorum (1) Saraca (1) Tamarindus (1) Acacia (8) Adenanthera (1) Albizia (3) Leucaena (1) Mimosa (1) Parkia (1) Pithecellobium (1) Prosopis (2) Samanea (1) Anogeissus (1) Terminalia (5) Barringtonia (1 ) Callistemon (1) Eucalyptus (1 )

11 Gamopetalae Melaleuca (1) Psidium (1) Syzigium (3) Lecythidaceae 1 Courpita (1) 1 Lythraceae 1 Lagerstroemia (1) 1 Punicaceae 1 Punica (1) 1 Passiflorales Caricaceae 1 Carica (1) 1 Umbellales Alangiaceae 1 Alangium (1) 1 Adina (1) Anthocephalus (1) Gardenia (1) Inferae Rubiales Rubiaceae 7 Ixora (1) 7 Morinda Mitragyna (1) Xeromphis (1) Ericales Theophrastaceae 1 Jacquinia (1) 1 Madhuca (1) Heteromerae Sapotaceae 3 Manikara (2) 4 Ebenales Mimusops (1) Ebenaceae 1 Diospyros (3) 3 Oleaceae 1 Nyctanthes (1) 1 Salvadoraceae 1 Salvadora (2) 2 Alstonia (1) Bicarpellatae Gentianales Holarrhena (1) Apocynaceae 8 10 Nerium (1) Plumeria (3) 11

12 Monochlamydeae Strophanthus(1) Ervatamia (1) thevetia(1) Wrightia (1) Polemoniales Ehretiaceae 2 Cordia (5) Ehretia (1) 6 Bignonia (1) Passiflorales Bignoniaceae 11 Crescentia (1) Haplophragma (1) Jacaranda (1) Kigelia (1) Millingtonia (1) Oroxylum (1) Radermachera(1) Spathodea (1) Tabebuia (5) Tecoma (1) 15 Gmelina (1) Lamiales Verbenaceae 3 Tectona (1) Vitex (1) 3 Curved embryos Polygonaceae 1 Coccoloba (2) 2 Daphnales Lauraceae 1 Cinnamomum(1) 1 Proteaceae 1 Grevillea (1) 1 Achlamydosporaceae Santalaceae 1 Santalum (1) 1 Unisexulaes Euphorbeaceae 5 Cicca (1) Emblica (1) 6 12

13 Monocotyledons Jatropha (2) Putranjiva (1) Tirucalli (1) Ulmaceae 1 Holoptelea (1) 1 Artocarpus (1) Moraceae 4 Ficus (11) Morus (1) Streblus (1 ) 14 Casuarinaceae 1 Casuarina (1) 1 Zingiberaceae Musaceae 2 Musa (1) Ravenala (1) 2 Areca (1) Borassus(1) Caryota (1) Cocos (1) Corypha (1) Arecales Arecaceae 12 Elaeis (1) Howea (1) 14 Hyphaene (1) Livistona (2) Phoenix (2) Rhapis (1) Roystonea(1) Pooels Poaceae 2 Bambusa(3) Dendrocalamus (1) 4 Total :

14 ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES Class I Dicotyledonae Embryo with 2 cotyledons (rarely one by reduction). Vascular bundles of the stem usually arranged in a single ring; cambium usually present. Leaves usually reticulately veined. Flowers typical 5- to 4-merous. Class II Monocotyledonae Embryo with one cotyledon. Vascular bundles of the stem usually scattered; cambium usually absent. Leaves usually parallel veined. Flowers typically 3-merous. CLASS I : DICOTYLEDONAE Subclass I Polypetalae:Petals free; flowers dichlamydeous.... Calyx of distinct sepals; ovary superior or immersed in the disk: Group I Thalamiflorae: Torus small or elongated, not expanded Group II Disciflorae: Torus thickened or expanded into a fleshy disk Group III Calyciflorae: Calyx of united sepals; ovary usually included in calyx tube or inferior Subclass II Gamopetalae: Petals united..... Subclass III Monochlamydeae: Perianth generally calycine, single or absent... Subclass I: Polypetalae :- Group 1 Thalamiflorae.( Sepals, Petals and Stamens all attached to receptacle.) 1) Stamens numerous (15 or more) : A) Ranales. Gynoecium apocarpous. 2. Carpel free, usually many but sometimes reduced to one: 3 Habit terrestrial : 4. They have their stamens and pistils in spirals on a conical receptacle...magnoliaceae 4. Trees or shrubs, if climbing, style not as above; leaves simple, never lobe... Annonaceae B) Parietales. Parietal placentation. 2. Carpels two or more, syncarpous; ovary uni-to multilocular : 5. Placentation parietal, sometimes spuriously 2-or more celled by of the placement. 6. Flowers action morphic; ovary not seated on hypogenous disc 14

15 7. Ovaryraised on a gynophore; if sessile, leaves compound....capparaceae 7. The plants are bisexual, and all species have five sepals. All plants within the produce a red, orange, or yellow... Bixaceae C) Guttiferales. Stamens numerous; Calyx imbricate. 5. Placentation usually axile sometimes basal: 8. Stamens monadelphous; anthers 1-2-celled: 9. Anthers one-celled: 10. Mostly herbs or shrubs, rarely trees; fruit a dehiscent capsule or of indehiscent cocci; carpels 5-many; pollen rough; leaves mostly simple.....malvaceae 10. Trees; fruit a capsule or woody berry; carpels 2-5; pollen smooth; leaves compound....bombacaceae 10. Anthers 2-celled...Sterculiaceae Group II Disciflorae (Ovary superior, immersed in disk of flower.). 1. Placentation parietal; fruit a 3-valved, elongated, pod-like capsule.. Moringaceae 1. Placentation axile or axile-pendulous; fruit not as above : 2. Flowers zygomorphic : 3.Flowers not spurred; anthers free; leaves ternately compound, leaflet teeth not glandular..sapindaceae 2. Flowers actinomorphic : 4. Ovary syncarpous but styles 5, free or if 1, with 5 linear, stigmatose branches: 5. Leaves compound; herbs; fruit a capsule......averrohoaceae 4. Ovary syncarpous but style more or less connate or solitary: 6. Herbs, shrubs or trees; if twining, plants armed: 7. Leaves aromatic, gland-dotted rutaceae 7. leaves not gland-dotted: 8. Stamens monadelphous... Meliaceae 9. Stamens free: 15

16 10. Plants usually with acrid resinous juice; stem bearing resinous passages...anacardiaceae 10. Plants not as above: 11. Leaves simple : 12. Plants usually armed with prickles; flowers in axillary fascicles; ovule one in each loculus...rhamnaceae 11. Leaves compound : 13. Leaves bifoliolate; plants armed...balanitaceae 14. Leaves more than 2-foliolate; plants unarmed: 15. Trees; ovule one in each loculus : 16. Flowers regular; style 2-5, connate; ovary lobed; fruit winged,1-seeds- Simaroubaceaeseeded.....Simaroubaceae 16. Flowers irregular; style 1, simple, sometimes divided above; ovary not lobed; fruit 2-3 lobed drup. Sapindaceae 15. Herbs or undershrubs; ovules 2 in each loculus; ovary angled or winged...zygophyllaceae Group III Clyciflorae (5 Indent) 1. Leaves mostly compound, rarely simple; 2. Stipules when present, not adnate to the petiole; carpel 1; fruit legume: 3. Flowers pailionaccous..... Fabaceae 3. Flowers zygomorphic but not papilionaceous..caesalpiniaceae 3. Flowers regular, in heads or dense spikes Mimosaceae 1. Leaves simple; fruit a capsule, achene, drupe, berry, nut or schizocarpic : 4. Plants etendrillar : 5. Habit terrestrial : 6. Stamens usually indefinite : 7. Leaves well developed; plants not as above : 8. Calyx more or less adnate to the ovary (i.e. ovary inferior) : 9. Trees leaves equal-sided at base; flowers bisexual; fruit a berry or a fibrous drupe, never winged : 10. Leaves alternate, without intramarginal nerves and not glandular punctuate; ovary one-celled... Alangiaceae 16

17 10. Leaves opposite, glandular-punctate, with intra- marginal nerves; ovary more than one-cell... Myrtaceae Subclass II : Gamopetalae 1. Ovary completed inferior or ½ - inferior: 2. Inflorescence various, but not as above; calyx usually present; anthers free or connivent in a ring around the style; ovary 2- or more-celled : 3. Leaves opposite; stipules inter- or intrapetiolar.....rubiaceae 1. Ovary superior : 4. Green plants, not parasites or carnivorous: 5. Carpels more than 2: 6. Flowers usually unisexual; stamens inserted on the receptacles ebenaceae 6 Flowers bisexual; stamens inserted on the corolla : 7 Trees, shrubs or woody twiners; style one; ovary 1-celled or 2-8- celled; calyx without stipitate glands : 8. Plants with milky juice; leaves not gland-dotted; corolla lobes and opposite to them or 2-3 times as many often with staminodes; ovary 2-8-celled... Sapotaceae 5. Carpel s 2 (rarely 3-4 and then plants aquatic) : 9. Plants with milky latex or greenish-yellow sap : 10. Pollen masses not agglutinated into pollinia; style 1; antherssagittate; stigma hour-glass-shaped or dumbbellshaped...apocynaceae 9. Plants without milky-latex or greenish-yellow sap : 11. Flowers action morphic : 12. Inflorescence usually second or one-sided cymes : 13. Fruit a drupe, or of four nutlets; ovules definite in each loculus: 14. Trees or shrubs; style once forked or style 2. Ehretiaceae 12. Inflorescence not as above : 15. Leaves opposite or at least lower ones opposite : 17

18 16. Stamens 4-5: 17. Trees or shrubs; ovary 1-celled; 1-2 ovulate..salvadoraceae 11. Flowers zygomorphis : 18. Leaves usually compound; if simple, seeds winged; fruit elongated..bignoniaceae 18. Leaves usually simple fruit not elongated; seeds not winged : 19. Flowers with conspicuous bracts and bracteoles; bracts seldom absent; stem often with swollen joint...acanthaceae 19. Flowers without bracts and bracteoles or bracts and bracteoles inconspicuous; stem not nodose : 20. Flowers without extra-floral glands at base of pedicels 21. Ovules 1 or 2 in each cell : 22. Inflorescence not as above; style terminal, plants not aromatic...vebenaceae Subclass III : Monochlamydeae 1. Ovary superior : 2. Flowers bisexual : 3. Leaves with ochreate stipules Polygonaceae 2. Flowers unisexual or polygamous : 4. Trees or shrubs : 5. Ovary 3-celled....Euphorbiaceae 5. Ovary 1-celled : 6. Calyx present, 4-8 lobed; inflorescence various, cymose, spike or hypanthodium : 7. Plants with milky juice; anthers inflexed in bud; leaves not oblique at base; fruit commonly multiple...moraceae 7 Plants with watery-sap; anthers erect in bud; leaves oblique at base; fruit a samara, nut or drupe...ulmaceae 8Terrestrials; leaves not as above; stamens definite, if indefinite connective not as above :. Ovary 3-celled.....Euphorbiaceae 18

19 Class II MONOCOTYLEDONEAE 1. Leaves fan-shaped or pinnate, usually very long or very broad, forming a terminal crown, fibrous, long petioles....arecaceae (Palmae) 1. Leaves not as above : 2. Perianth none, at least in male flowers (if the flowers unisexual) or rudimentary or of scales or bristles not petaloid : 3. Perianth 0; flowers subtended by dry, chaffy, usually imbricating bracts (glumes); inflorescence various, of spikelets : 4. Stem mostly hollow, cylindrical or flattened; leaves ligulate; leaf shealth split; fruit a caryopsis..... Poaceae (Gramineae) We have arranged tree species as per Bentham and Hook classification and summarized as following: ARTIFICIAL KEYS TO FAMILIES MAGNOLIACEAE Michelia champaca L. Sp. Pl. 536, 1753, FBI 1:42, FBP 1:7,FGS:49, CHAMPO, SONERI CHAMPO, Evergreen tree with greyish-brown, rough bark. Leaves 7-22 x 3.5 to 7.5cm, elliptic to oblong or elliptic to lancolate, coriaceous, glabrous or finely hairy beneath, shortly petiolate. Flowers cm across, bright-yellow, fragrant, axillary, solitary. Follicles 1.5 to 1.8cm by 1 to 1.5cm oblong, grey with brown spots. Seeds cm long, angular, brown, shining. FLS: Apr-Aug, FRS: May-Aug Exsiccate :SPL-1, MG Science College Botanical Garden ANNONACEAE Annona muricata L. FBP 1: 15, RNS:40 Evergreen tree grows up to 4mtr and can not stand frost. Branches of young tree are hairy and oblong to oval leaves are 8-16cm long and 3-7cm wide.leaves have very less hair on back side but no hair on top side and they are glossy dark green color.leaf stalks are 4-13mm long without hair. Flowers stalks are 2-5mm long and located opposite to lear or some times appear from 19

20 nearby to leaf stalk. Petals are yellow in color and thick. Broadly ovate outer petal 2.8 to 3.3 cm x 2.1x 2.5cm having tapering point with heart type shape. Inner side petals are overlapping and oval in shape. Linear carpel grows from one base. Fruit are egg in shape and have darg green color and some time 30cm long with little texture. It s flesh is aromatic, acidic but juicy and white in color. Exsiccate: SPL-2, Science city, Near Sattadhar Society Annona reticulata L. Sp. Pl. 537, 1753, FBI 1:78,FGS:.50, RAMPHAL Trees, 3-5 m tall, with spreading branches. Leaves 5-17 x cm, ovatelancolate, glabrous, minutely pellucid-punectale, petiolate. Flowers 2-4, on lateral, glabrous pedecels. Fruits cm across, yellowish-brown, subglobose or heart-shaped FLS: Sept.-Feb, FRS: Dec-May Exsiccate: SPL-3, Gujarat College, Medicinal garden, Van Chetna Annona Squamosa L. Sp. Pl. 537, 1753,, FBI 1:78, FBP 1:14, FGS:50, SITAFAL. A deciduous tree, 3-5 m high having light black or grey, rough longitudinally fissured bark. Leaves are x 1.2-5cm glabrous, oblong lancolate or elliptic oblong, petiolate. Flowers are solitary or may be 2-3 faced, axillary or opposed leaf. Fruits 5-10cm, globose or cordite ovoid with projected areoles. FLS: Apr-Aug, FRS: June-Aug Exsiccate: SPL-4, Gujarat College, Sterling city, Jaldhara and many other places Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.), FBI 1:62, FBP 1:12, FGS:.52 ASOPALAV. 5-10m talltrees.bark light-blackish-brown. Leaves 7.5 to 20cm by 2.5 to 5 cm, lanceolate, glabrous, and petiolate. Fruit cm long, ovate-oblong, glabrous, pale-yellow. Sees cm long, glabrous, shining FLS: Dec-June, FRS: Apr-Aug Exsiccate: SPL-5, Income tax cross roads, Bapunagar cross roads, Raipur- Mahadev and many other places 20

21 CAPPARACEAE Capparis grandis L. Sp. Pl. 263, 1781, FBI 1:177, FBP 1:13, FGS:.69 THIKARI, DUMRO 2.5-5m large small tree, often with crooked trunk, bark yellowish-brown, longitudinally fissured. Leaves : x 2-6cm, velvety pubescent, at length glabrous, petiolate. Flower cm across, white, in corymbs. Fruits cm across, globes, rusty-brown, glabrous. Seed 2-6. In dry deciduous forests, sometimes in forests, rare type. FLS: Nov-July, FRS: Mar-June Exsiccate: SPL-6, Near Water Treatment Plant Fatehpur village Crateva religiosa Forst & Prodr. FBI 1:172, FBP 1:47, FGS:74 VAYVARNO, TRIPANJO Synonym of Crateve nurvala Forst. F. var. Unarmed, deciduous trees, with ash-coloured bark. Leaves 3-foliolate, long petiolate, leaflets 5 to 12.5cm by 2 to 5cm lateral obovate or obovate-lanceolate, strongly obliquely falcate, and middle one elliptic-lanceolate, equilateral. Flowers cm across, in terminal and lateral racemes. Fruits cm across, subglobose or ovateoblong, papillose, scarlet or pale-orange. FLS: Feb-June, FRS: Feb-June Exsiccate: SPL-7, MG Science College, Gujarat College BIXACEAE Bixa orellanal.sp. Pl. 512, 1753, FBI 1:190, FBP 1:53 SINDUR Soursop trees with bushy, low up to 9m tall. Branchlets are rusty-hairy when young. Dark green leaves are smooth, glossy, oblong to elliptical, pointed at both ends and x cm. Back side of leaf is lighter than top. Solitary flowers 4-5cm long, cone shaped emerge anywhere on trunk, branch or twigs. Fleshy 3 outer petals are yellow-greenish and inner petals are yellow. FLS: Aug-Sept., FRS: Feb-June. Exsiccate: SPL-8, Gujarat College 21

22 GUTTIFERACEAE (CLUSIACEAE) Calophyllum inophyllum L. Sp. Pl. 513, 1753, FBI 1:273, FBP 1:80 KAMANI, SULTAN CHAMPO Attractive large 5 ft tall tree with spherical dense foliage in head and rough gray bark. Bark of reddish-brown hard wood. Leaves are large, shiny, stiff, leathery and oblong with blunt tip. 8-20cm long arranged opposite fashion leaves. 4-8, 3cm wide petals. FLS & FRS: Dec-Jan. Exsiccate: SPL-9, SarabhaiBotanical garden Garcinia indica chois., FBI 1:261, FBP 1:76 KOKAM Large, elliptic, oblong or oblong-lanceolate dark-green leaves, 5.5-8cm long and 2.3 5o 5cm broad leaves. Flowers are fleshy and dark pink, solitary or spreading in clusters. Fruits are brownish or brownish-gray, yellowish-brown having crown 4 parted, stalkless stigma. Countless fruits during summer, starting from green (young tender) and purple when matured. FLS: Nov-Feb Exsiccate: SPL-10, Behind Rajpath Club Messua ferra L. Sp. Pl. 515,1753, FBI 1:277, FBP1:81 NAG CHAMPO Kind of evergreen tree up to 36m high.scaly, dapple, brownish to orange bark. Leaves on opposite, simple, elliptical to narrowly elliptical, glabrous, shiny and equally prominent tertiary veins. Flowers are terminal or axillary, bisexual and up to 9 flowered, open panicle. Enlarge sepals and sub orbicular panicle. FLS: March Exsiccate: SPL-11, Parimal Garden MALVACEAE Kydia calycina Roxb. FBI 1:348, FBP 1:94, FGS:109 MOTI HIRWANI, WARANG, m tall deciduous trees with grey, rough, fibrous bark exfoliating into irregular flakes or vertical scales. Leaves 6-15 x 7-17cm, broadly ovoid to nearly orbicular, 3-5 angular or lobes, stellate-hairy above, grey-tomentoes 22

23 beneath.flowers cm across, in terminal panicles.capsule cm across, globose, grey-tomentoes, enclosed in persistent calyx. Seeds reniform, brown, minutely hairy, concentrically ribbed FLS: Oct-Nov, FRS: Nov-Jan Exsiccate: SPL-12, Sarabhai Garden Thespesia populnea (L.), FBI : 1:345, FBP 1:114, FGS:117 PARAS PIPLO, PARDESHI BHINDI Evergreen tree, 8-15 tall with grey smooth bark. Leaves 5-20 x cm, entire.stellate-tomentoes beneath.flowers pendulous, axillary, solitary capsule 2-3.5cm across, globose, depressed on top, minutely stellate-scaly.seeds ovoid or cuneate-oblong, black-hairy. FLS & FRS: Complete year Exsiccate: SPL-13, Gujarat University, Van-Chetna Kendra BOMBACACEAE Adansonia digitata L. Sp. Pl. 1190, 1753, FBI 1:348, FBP 1:119, FGS:286 RUKHDO, 10-20m tall deciduous trees, with grey smooth bark. Leaflets 3-7 (-9), x 1.2-5cm, sessile or sub sessile, obovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, densely silky-brown-hairy, length wise glabrous.flowers 10-12cm, fruit 20-25cm across long, ellipsoidal, pale-brown and densely hairy. FLS: Apr-May, FRS: June-Dec Exsiccate: SPL-14, Gujarat College, MG Science College Bombax ceiba. L., FBI 1:349. FBP 1:121, FGS: 118 SHIMLO 10-30m tall, deciduous trees with grey glabrous bark, prickles conical, black. Leave crowded at ends of branches, petiolate, digitately 5-7 foliolate, leaflets 5-23 x cm, evate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, glabrous. Flowers 6-8 cm or more across, sessile, crowded at ends of leafless branches. Capsule 9-13 x cm, 5 valves, valves ovate to lanceolate, woody, glabrous, rough, dark redish to brown and minutely apiculate. FLS: Feb-Apr, FRS: March-June Exsiccate: SPL-15, Gujarat University, CEE, Manekbag 23

24 Ceiba pentandra Gaertn., a1-national Tropical Botanical Garden, USA KAPOK Emergent above canopy or tropical forests, spreading large crowns. Buttresses at the base of trunk help for additional support. Palmate, 5-9 leaves stalked at single point at base. Flowers in flusters on branches having five petals covered with long silky hairs, 5-15 stamens, petals fused in to column. FLS: March-April, FRS: April-May Exsiccate : SPL-16, HP Petrol pump-ramdevnagar and many other places STERCULIACEAE Dombeya acutangula L. RNS:110 Wedding flower. A tall shrub-small tree, much branched. Leaves cordite, large, rough, and as broad as long flowers, many flowered, crowded corymbs of pink color with faint fragrances. Critically endangered species-as per IUCN records. FLS: Dec-Jan Exsiccate: SPL-17, Sarabhai botanical garden Dombeya burgessie Gerr., World Agro Forestry Agro Forestry Tree Database, a2-andrew Hankey, April 2011, Witwatersrand Botanical Garden Dense clusters of pink to white flowers and much used for landscaping. Fruits are small, round, furry capsules. Leaves are large, soft, lobed, velvety, and reminiscent of grape type leaves. It grows even in tropical atmosphere to garden and forest planting even in light shade. Can achieve full size within 3 years. FLS: Jul-Nov Exsiccate: SPL-18, Sarabhai botanical garden Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., FBI 1:365,FGS:.122 RUDRAKSHI 5-8m tall trees with rough, brownish bark. Leaves x 4-7cm, ovateoblong, and hairy. Flowers cm across in terminal and axillary cymes. Capsule cm long, oblong woody, tuberculate, black when ripe FLS & FRS: Complete year Exsiccate: SPL-19, Manekbag, Gujarat College, M.G. Science College 24

25 Pterospermum acerifolium Wild., Sp. Pl. V3, , FBI :1:368,FBP 1:129 BAYUR, KARNIKAR, A large tree, smooth bark ash colored, young parts clothed with floccose pubescent. Leaves variable in shape-size, 10-14by 6-12 in, orbicular or oblong, entire or variously lobed, cordite and sometime peltate, at length glabrous above, clothed beneath with whitish floccose tomentum, petioles 4-12 in long, tomentose. Flowers fragrant, white, axillary solitary or in pairs, multifold, caduceus. Sepals up to 4in long, linear-oblong, obtuse, densely tomentose outside. Petals linear-oblong, somewhat obliquely euneate, slightly shorter than the sepals.ovary oblong, 5-angled, 5-celled, ovules 12-20in each cell. FLS: Dec-Mar Exsiccate: SPL-20, MG Science College Pterospermum suberifolium Lam, FBI 1:367, FBP 1:129 MUKHCHAND A small tree, young parts covered with light-buff stellate tomentum. Leaves distichous, x in oblong or ovate-oblong, acuminate, often irregularly angled towards apex, glabrous above, clothed with a cream colored tomentum beneath, oblique and rounded at the base, petioles 0.25in long, tomentose, stipules, small, caduceus. Flowers fragrant, white 1.5-2in across axillary, buds oblong, prominently 5-ribbed, pedicels thick, jointed, tomentoes involucral brackets 3, a little distant from the flower, entire bi or triofid caduceus. Petals slightly shorted than sepals, lauceolate-oblong, distantly sponged with stellate hairs on the outside when young. FLS: Dec Exsiccate: SPL-21, MG Science College Sterculia foetida Linn, Sp. Pl. 1008, 1753, FBI 1:354, FBP 1:124 JANGLI BADAM A large tree, bark whitish, flaking off, branches whorled, horizontal. Leaves digitate crowded at the ends of branches, leaflets 5-9, sub sessile 4-7 by in, oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, tapering to base, pubescent when young, glabrous on both surfaces when mature, petioles 6-9in in long, terete, 25

26 grooved, stipules, caduceus. Flowers in in dia in erect racemose panicles, 6-8in long, formed immediately under the young leaves. FLS: Mar-May Exsiccate: SPL-22, Van-Chetna Kendra, Chief Justice Bungalow Sterculia urens Roxb. FBI 1:355,FBP 1:123, FGS:124 KADAI, KADIO 8-18m tall deciduous trees with bark smooth greyish-white or pink peeling off in papery scales. Leaves x 20-18cm, 5-7 lobes, velvety-hairy, lobes deltoid-ovate.panicles cm long viscidly hairy. Follicles 4-6, 3-6 x 2-3 cm ovoid oblong, seeds black, oblong minutely wrinkled FLS: Nov-Apr, FRS: Dec-May Exsiccate: SPL-23, Gujarat College ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Guaiacum officinale L. a3-united States Department of Agriculture-National plant data team TREE OF LIFE Once upon a time this tree was used to treat syphilis. Lingum Vita is the heaviest and densest woods in the world and will rapidly sink to the bottom when placed in water. This evergreen tree is slow growing, 10m in height with trunk dia 60cm, leaves are compound 2.5-3cm x 2cm. Flowers are showy to 2.5cm across purple-bluish- fading to white. This tree is national flower of Jamaica. Some of resins active ingredients are effective anti-inflammatory agents and used against sore throat and gout. FLS: Mar-Oct Exsiccate: SPL-24, Gujarat College AVERRHOACEAE Averrohoa carambola L. Sp. Pl. 428, 1753, FBI 1:437, FBP 1:168, FGS :141 KAMRAKH 3-4 m tall, leaves alternate, imparipinnate, leaflets 5-11, 2.3 to 6.5cm by 1.6 to 4 cm, elliptic, glabrous. Flowers violet-purple, in cm long, axillary 26

27 panicle. Ripe berries 5.8 x 4-6 cm, greenish-yellow to orange-red acidic, edible. FLS: Apr-Dec, FRS: June-Dec Exsiccate: SPL-25, Sarabhai botanical garden RUTACEAE Aegle marmelos. (L). Corr, FBI 1:515,FBP 1:192,FGS:.144 BILI 2-6m tall thorny small tree with pale-greenish-yellow, rough bark. Leaflet 2-10 x 1.5 to 4 cm, elliptic oblong or elliptic ovate, glabrous, glanddotted.flowers white, 0.8-1cm across fragrant axillary solitary or 2-3 clustered. Berries cm in dia, globose or void, bright-yellow, mamillate. Seeds ellipsoid white glabrous FLS &FRS: Complete year Exsiccate: SPL-26, Vastrapur-lake, Medicinal garden, Near KHS-Vatva- Mehmadabad road and many other places Atlantia monophylla, DC. FBI 1:511, FBP 1: 187 Small tree with numerous rigid branches, the older ones armed with short sharp axillary spines. Leaves 1-foiliolate, petioles 0.25in long with 1 or 1 stipulary scales at the base, leaflet coriaceous, 1-3 by in ovate-oblong or elliptic, obtuse, emarginated, bright green, entire, glabrous, reticulately veined. Flowers crowded in axillary fascicles or in racemose much-contracted cymes, buds along or slightly clavate, pedicels in long, bracts minute. Petals white, 0.15in long, cuneate-obovate rounded or subacute, clawed, adnate to the stamina-tube. Exsiccate: SPL-27, M.G. Science College Citrus lemon (L) Burm.FBI 1:515,FBP 1:191,FGS:.144 LIMBU 2-6m tall, thorny, large shrub or small trees, with pale-greenish-yellow rough bark. Leaflets 2-10 x 1.5 to 4 cm, elliptic oblong or elliptic-ovate, glabrous, gland-dotted. Flowers white, cm across, fragrant, axillary, solitary or 2-3 clustered. Berris 2.5-4cm in dia, globose or ovoid, bright-yellow mamillate. Seeds ellipsoid, white, glabrous 27

28 FLS &FRS: Throughout year Exsiccate: SPL-28, Van-Chetna Kendra, Jaldhara bungalow, Shyam-Sharan society, Science city and many other places Citrus maxima (Burn.) Merr, RNS:128, Tree, 5-10m tall, low & spreading branching. Leaves ovate to elliptical 5-10 (20)cm x 2-5(12)cm, base rounded to subcordate, margin entire to shallowly crenate, apex obtusely acute, glandular dotted, petiole broad winged up to 7cm wide, obcordate. Subglobose to pyriform berry fruit, in 10 to 20 cm dia, color greenish yellow and densely glandular dotted, peel 1-3 or sometimes 4 mm thick, segments with large, pale yellow or pink pulp vesicles filled with sweet juice. Exsiccate: SPL-29, CEE Citrus medica Linn, FBI 1:514, FBP 1:189 A shrub or small tree flowering and fruiting almost the whole year : young shoots glabrous purple. Leaves 1-foliolate; petioles naked or winged; leaflets 3-6 in,long elliptic ovate or ovate lanceolate usually obtuse. Flower white, usually tinged with red,small or medium sized often unisexual, 5-10 in a receme. Stamens fuit globose or oblong, often mamillate at the apex, usually yellow when ripe; rind thick or thin. Exsiccate: SPL-30, Yogeshwar society-sola road and many other places Exsiccate: Van Chetna Kendra-Vastrapur Citrus reticulata B lanco.rns:127, CHINESE ORANGE, CHRISTMAS ORANGE Round, thorny, evergreen tree up to 8m tall and produced seedless, sweet, spherical to elliptic fruit in 9cm dia resembling to orange. Ovate to lanceolate evergreen leaves 4cm long with white flowers bloom in the leaf axils in spring. Exsiccate: SPL-31, Van-Chetna-Kendra and many other places Citrus sinensis Osbeck. RNS:127, NARANGI Small, evergreen tree with height up to 13m height. Conicaltop and spiny branches. Leaves oval 5-15cm by 2-8cm, dark green, glossy with disntictive smell, petiole winged. Flowers are small, waxy greenish to white, fragrant, 28

29 calyx broad saucer shapes, 5 petals, white elliptic, 1.3 to 2.2cm long. Fruits are orange to reddish or yellowish to green having 4-12cm dia, leatherly peel 6mm thick, tightly adherent. Exsiccate: SPL-32, Van Chetna Kendra Vastrapur Limonia acidissima L., Sp. Pl. 554, 1762 (ed.2), FBI 1:510, FBP 1:185, FGS:144 KOTHI, KOTHA Evergreen 8-10m tall tree with greyish-brown, rough branches. Leaves alternate (sometime 6) cm long, leaflets cm by 0.5 to 10cm opposite obovate glabrous. Flowers pale-greenish-yellow at length brown, cm across in lateral and terminal 4-7cm long panicles. Berries 6-8 cm across, globose, many-seeded with greenish-white or pale-yellow ring. FLS: Mar-July, FRS: Mar-Dec Exsiccate: SPL-33, Manekbag, Gujarat College, M.G. Science College Murraya koenigii (L.), FBI 1:503, FBP 1:182, FGS:.145 MITHO LIMDO, KADI PATTI 3-5m tall small tree deciduous with dark-brown or nearly black bark. Leaves 8-10 cm long alternate, imparipinnate, leaflets 11-25, ovate, ovate-lanceolate or somewhat ovate-rhomboid, gland-dotted, sessile or nearly so, glabrous. Flowers creamy-white or dirty-white, in 5-15 cm long, terminal, paniculate cymes. FLS: Mar-May Exsiccate: SPL-34, Goyal Plaza, Satygrah chavni and many other places Murraya paniculate (L), FBI 1:502, FBP 1:182, FGS:145 KAMINI, KUNTI, JASHANTI Evergreen shrubs or small tree, 3-5m tall, with pale-yellowish-brown, rough, corky bark. Leaves imparipinnate, leaflets 3-9, alternate, ovate, ovatelanceolate or ovate-rhomboid, coriaceous, glabrous. Flowers white, in terminal and axillary, paniculate cymes. FLS: Throughout year FRS: Throughout year Exsiccate: SPL-35, Gujarat College Triphasia aurantiolalour.fbi 1:507, FBP 1:184 29

30 CHINI LIMBU Aspinous straggling shrub; branches terete; spines axillary, straight, slender leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets thick and soft, ¾-1.5 by ½-7/8 in ovate-elliptic, tip rounded notched crenulata, closely gland dotted glabrous base cuneate; petiolate short. Flowers fragrant, solitary or in 2-3 flowered peduncle cymes: pedicels very short. Calyx 3-lobed; broadly ovate or sub orbicular ciliolate. Petals 3, linear oblong, rounded at the tip ½ in long white fruit ellipsoid, ½ in long fleshy, speculate gland-dotted. Exsiccate: SPL-36, Left side from Paldi to Law garden SIMAROUBACEAE Allanthus excelsa Roxb., FBI 1:518,FBP 1:193, FGS: 146 MOTO ARDUSO 10-20m tall, deciduous tree with greenish-white or grey smooth bark. Leaves cm long, crowded at ends of branches. Leaflets 9-29 sub-opposite, 5-18 x cm ovate-lanceolate, coriaceous, and densely pilose at length glabrous. Flowers yellow in 15-40cm long, terminal and axillary, hairy panicles, Samara 2.6 x 0.5x1.5cm, spindle-shapes, glabrous, one-seeded, reticulately veined. Seeds glabrous, oblong. FLS: Dec-March, FRS: Feb-May Exsiccate: SPL-37, Shahabad-airport road, Maruti Nandan society, Krishna Nagar and many times on S.P. ring road. BALANITACEAE Balanites aegyptiaca (L)FBI 1:522,FGS:146 HINGORIYO, ANGARIO, Dediduous, armed and bussy small tree. Leaves are 2 foliolate, petiolate. Leaflets 1-3.5cm by cm elliptic oblong or obovate oblong, glaucous green, pubescent. Flowers are pale greenish-yellow in axillary, fascicled cymes. Drupes of 4-4.5cm by 2-3.5cm ovoid, yellowish to green color when ripe. FLS: Dec-Mar, FRS: Mar-July Exsiccate: SPL-38, Gujarat University 30

31 BURSERACEAE Commiphora wightii (Arn). FBI 1:529,FGS:148 GUGAL m tall, deciduous, bushy shrubs; bark peeling off in flakes, Leaflets X cm, obovate, Flowers red in fasciled cymes at end of branches, drupes cm across ovoid, shortly beaked, deep-red, 2-6 valve; pyrenes ovate, acute. FLS & FRS: JAN-MAY Exsiccate: SPL-39, Gujarat College MELIACEAE Azadirachta indica A., FBI 1:544, FBP 1:207, FGS:149 LIMDO, 10-15m tall, evergreen tree with light black or grey, length wise furrowed bark. Leaves are 15 to 40cm, crowded at the end. Leaflets 7 to 17, 4 to 8 x 1.5-2cm, ovate lauceolate, glabrous. Flowers are white in 10-22cm panicles, Axillary or an old wood. Drupes 0.5 to 1.5 x 0.4 to 0.8 ovoid, oblong smooth yellow. Seeds are ellipsoid and glabrous. FLS: Dec-Mar, FRS: Jan-May Exsiccate: SPL-40, Wild. Common and highest species in Ahmedabad. Heynea trijuga Roxb, FBI 1:565, FBP 1: 214 LIMBARA Small tree up to 30ft long, leaves 6-15 long, common petiole with thickened base, rachis slender, glabrous, leaflets 2-6 pairs and an odd one, in, ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, glaucous and pubescent or glabrous beneath, base rounded or acute, petioles in long, the terminal one are longer. Flowers about 0.2in long, white in corymboselybranched panicles nearly as long as the leaves. Ovary glabrous, style slightly obconical, stigma 2-dentate with thickened ring at the base. FLS: Feb-Mar Exsiccate: SPL-41, Sarabhai botanical garden Melia azedarach L. Sp. Pl. 384, 1753, FBI 1:544, FBP 1: 205,FGS:150 31

32 BAKAN LIMDO 5-10 m tall deciduous trees with dark-brown, shallowly longitudinally furrowed bark. Leaves: 1-3 pinnate, cm long. Leaflets 3-13, by 1 to 2 cm ovate lanceolate or elliptic lanceolate, glabrous, and sub sessile.flowers in 7-25cm long, axillary panicles. Drupes 0,7-1.3 cm across, ellipsoid-oblong, yellow 4-5 seeded FLS & FRS: Nearly all around the year Exsiccate: SPL-42, Jaldhara bungalow, Gujarat College, M.G. Science College and many other places Swietenia mahagoni (L) Jacq., RNS:134 MAHOGANI A tall tree up to 30m height, short-buttressing base around 1m dia and large spherical crown. Couple of heavy branches and dense shade. Smooth bark, reddish-brown on large trees. Deciduous subject to drought. Leaves are even, pinnate 10-18cm long in pair of 4-10, shiny, dark green, lance-shaped, 2.5-5cm long by 0.7-2cm broad. Flowers greenish-yellow, 6-8mm across, axillary panicles. Exsiccate: SPL-43, M.G. Science College RHAMNACEAE Zizyphus glaberrima Santapau,FGS:155 BORDI 3-5m tall, armed small tree. Leaves 3-6 x 2-4.5cm, ovate-elliptic or orbicular. Flowers greenish-yellow in axillary fascicles. Drupes globose or slightly depressed, glabrous. Seeds cm across, orbicular. FLS &FRS: Apr-June Exsiccate: SPL-44, Ramol circle Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth, FBI 1:633, FGS: m tall small tree, armed or unarmed with greyish-white or ash-coloured bark in younger parts, pale-brown and rough in older. Leaves 3-8 x cm elliptic oblong or ovate oblong, glabrous. Flowers are greenish-yellow, in 32

33 axillary fascicled cymes, drupes globose, somewhat rugose, deep-yellow to orange when ripe FLS & FRS: Aug-Apr Exsiccate: SPL-45, Near Vaishno Devi circle Zizyphus horrid Roth, Sp. Pl. 159, 1821, FBI 1:636, FGS:155 BOR Divaricate branches and light-black or blackish-brown, shallowly longitudinally fissured bark. Leaves x 0.8x1.5vm ovate glabrescent. Flowers greenish-yellow in axillary fascicles. Drupes 1-1.4cm across, globose, glabrous red when rip FLS & FRS: Aug-Nov Exsiccate: SPL-46, Near Greemwud Society Zizyphus mauritiana Lam, FBI 1:632, FBP 1:243,FGS:155 BORDI 3-8m tall, armed, seldom unarmed with blackish brown, or light-black, longitudinally fissured bark. Leaves ovate, ovate-oblong or sub orbicular.flowers greenish-yellow or creamy-white in axillaryfascicles.drupes 1.5 to 2cm long, globose ovoid or ellipsoid oblong, glabrous, reddish yellow FLS: Sept-Feb (some time up to May), FRS: Nov-Feb Exsiccate: SPL-47, M.G. Science College Zizyphus oenoplia (L.) Mill, FBI 1:634, FGS 156 Scendent or climb small tree, rusty tomentoes in younger parts. Leaves2 to 8cm by 1.2 to 4.3 cm,alternate ovate to ovate lanceaolate, rufous-silky pubescent beneath. Flowers greenish yellow globose or ovoid, orange coloured FLS: July Oct. FRS. : Aug Dec. Exsiccate: SPL-48, Near Sanathal circle Zizyphus rugosa Lam.,FBI 1:636, FGS:.157 Armed, scandent small trees. Leaves 7-16 X cm. broadly elliptic or ovate oblong, glabrous above, rufous pubescent beneath, coriaceous.panicles cm long terminal, woody. Flowers pale yellow.drupes cm in diam. Globose or pyriform whitish when ripe. FLS: Dec Apr., FRS: Feb Apr 33

34 Exsiccate: SPL-49, Near Vaishno Devi circle Zizyphus xylopyra (Retz) Wild. Sp. Pl , FBI 1:634,FBP 1:242, FGS:156 GHAT BOR 3-6m tall, armed or unarmed, large shrub or small trees, bark blackish-brown, rough. Leaves x 2.2x 6.5cm, broadly elliptic-oblong, ovate or sub orbicular, oppressed-hairy beneath. Flowers creamy-white or greenish-yellow, in axillary fascicles. Drupes globose, grey-tomentoes. FLS: Apr-Jul, FRS: May-Oct Exsiccate: SPL-50, Vasna-Medicinal garden SAPINDACEAE Sapindus emarginatus Vahl, FBI 1:682,FBP 1:266,FGS:164 ARITHA This species is very similar to Sapindus laurifolus but it differ with following: Leaflets broadly ovate-oblong, elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, emarginated or obtuse, dull and hairy on nerves above, pubescent beneath, petal glabrous within, except for a few hairs on claw, fruit sparsely hairy, or 3 droplets, connate half their length. FLS: Sept-Dec, FRS: Nov-Dec Exsiccate: SPL-51, Near Atira opp. ladies hostel Sapindus laurifolius Vahl Symb, FBI 1:682, FBP 1:266, FGS:164 ARITHI 5-10m tall trees, with longitudinally fissured, rough brown bark. Leaves 8-15 cm long, leaflets 5-7, 5-13 x 3-5 cm, shortly petiolulate. Flowers white, in 9-12cm long, terminal, rusty-brown-tomentose panicles. Fruits 2-3 lobed, 1-2.5cm across. Seeds globose, smooth, black. Leaflets lanceolate, ovatelanceolate or elliptic lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous and shining above, sparsely hairy beneath, petals softly hairy within, fruit rufos-velvety at least when young, or 3 cannate druplets FLS: Sept-Dec, FRS: Nov-Mar Exsiccate: SPL-52, Gujarat College, MG Science College, nearreferral hospital-behrampura 34