Cogongrass look a likes and other invasive plant updates. Nancy J. Loewenstein School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University
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1 Cogongrass look a likes and other invasive plant updates Nancy J. Loewenstein School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University
2 Photo: Patrick Waldrop (AFC)
3 NJL
4 Leaves Yellowish green inch wide, serrated edge No obvious stem Dense winter thatch Flowers 2 8 inches, bright white Wind dispersed seed Spring (March June) Rhizomes Very sharp points Segmented with papery scales Form Often in circular patches Dense growth (not a bunch grass) 1 5 feet tall
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8 Yellow Indiangrass blooms in the fall Distinctive ligule cogongrass
9 yellow Indiangrass
10 silver beardgrass (Bothriochloa laguroides) UGA photos: or
11 silver beardgrass cogongrass
12 silver beardgrass cogongrass
13 Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) Vasey grass (Paspalum urvillei)
14 beaked panicgrass (Panicum anceps) switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)
15 slender woodoats (Chasmanthium laxum) broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus)
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17 tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum) Federal/state eradication program is no longer funded
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19 tropical soda apple leaves broad, shallowly lobed densely pubescent, sticky (both sides) large prickles on stem and major leaf veins
20 Tropical soda apple flowers are white and the petals curve backwards (recurved)
21 Fruit (2 3.5 cm) occur in the leaf axils Mottled white and green when immature, turning yellow when mature The calyx does not cover much of the fruit
22 potential TSA look a likes
23 horsenettle (Solanum carolinense) Horsenettle leaves are generally smaller and more narrow, but can be as large as TSA Leaves densely pubescent Prickles on stems and major leaf veins Potato odor when crushed
24 horsenettle TSA Horsenettle flower is star shaped, petals fused, white to lavender
25 TSA horsenettle Fruit smaller (1 1.5 cm) Not clustered as tightly Calyx covers a bit more of the fruit
26 robust horsenettle, western horsenettle (S. dimidiatum) Leaves similar to TSA, but flowers star shaped and lavender to purple and up to 5 cm wide Enloe
27 mature fruit cm TSA robust horsenettle, western horsenettle
28 red soda apple, cockroach berry (Solanum capsicoides) Flowers similar to TSA Fruit to 5 cm, red at maturity (highly toxic) Scattered pubescence on leaves Only reported in south Alabama
29 tread softly, sprurge nettle (Cnidosculus urens)
30 TSA control in pastures Surmount GrazonNext Grazon P + D 2 pt/acre
31 Chinese tallow tree, popcorn tree (Triadica sebifera) NJL NJL NJL
32 Chinese tallowtree, popcorn tree 596,238 Forested Acres Occupied ,199 24,336 12, ,725 9, ,422 2,838 FIA data USDA Has increased Forest Service >500% in Louisiana ~ 2000 acre increase in AL since 2008
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37 Tallowtree control in pastures Remedy in diesel or an oil carrier (20%/80%) as a basal bark treatment is the standard Individual plant treatment but it will have some resprouting for sure. Remedy as a foliar broadcast treatment (1 qt/a) stinks. Spot spray with a 2% solution is decent. Grazon P+D at 1 gallon/acre in pastures where you can broadcast across the top, applied in late summer is best but spring after full leaf out is ok too. Super expensive! Normal use rate is 2 pt/a. Better option is GrazonNext at pt/a when you can broadcast spray across the top. Should give 70 80% control. Expect less control when mowing has been going on for several years. Stephen Enloe
38 groundsel tree, eastern baccharis, salt bush (Baccharis halimifolia) Native Range appears to be expanding
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41 eastern baccharis control There is nothing great for eastern baccharis control. Jimmie Cobb, Dow One quart Rodeo, 1 2 oz Escort + 5 oz Entrée or TA35 surfactant in 10 GPA by air in Sept Oct is fair to good, knocking it back for awhile. 4% vol/vol Garlon 4 with 0.5% NIS applied as directed spray or broadcast application in late spring/early summer 4 oz ai aminocyclopyrachlor/acre with surfactant Andy Ezell, MS State
42 NJL Questions?
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agronomy OCTOBER 2018 SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY AGRONOMY, HORTICULTURE & PLANT SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Grassy Weeds Review and Revision: Paul O. Johnson SDSU Extension Weed Science Coordinator Original
CUCURBITACEAE GOURD OR CUCUMBER FAMILY
CUCURBITACEAE GOURD OR CUCUMBER FAMILY Plant: herbs, climbing vines, rarely shrubs or trees Stem: mostly vines locally, creeping and climbing using coiled tendrils, sometimes angled, sometimes hollow Root: