ICC Rev February 2013 Original: English. International Coffee Council 110 th Session 4 8 March 2013 London, United Kingdom

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1 ICC Rev February 2013 Original: English E International Coffee Council 110 th Session 4 8 March 2013 London, United Kingdom Maximum Residue Limits Background 1. In March 2010 the International Coffee Council requested the Secretariat to keep Members informed about food safety issues, particularly regarding the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) of pesticides applicable to coffee, and in September 2010 the Executive Director committed to preparing a report on the same. Members were therefore requested to send details of MRLs for pesticides used in the coffee production process (see documents ED 2100/10, ED 2111/11, ED 2124/11, ED 2124/11 Rev. 1 and ED 2143/12). 2. Replies have now been received from Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, the EU, Gabon, Guatemala, Haiti, Indonesia, Kenya, Rwanda and the USA. In addition, information has been made available for one former Member, Japan. This report consolidates this information to provide a database of 504 chemicals, showing the MRLs in each country where such information is available. Action The Council is requested to consider this document.

2 MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS 1. This report contains information on the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) of pesticides applicable to coffee in selected countries. Table 1 compares the MRLs for the 21 pesticides covered by the Codex Alimentarius. The Codex was established in 1963 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide harmonized international food standards, guidelines and codes of practice. It has 186 members and 215 observers. MRLs for pesticides are elaborated by the Codex Committee on Pesticides Residue, and there are 21 MRLs listed for coffee as of December However, the Committee considers new limits on a yearly basis, so Members are advised to check directly with the Codex. Further information is available at 2. For each pesticide in Table 1, the highest MRL is highlighted in bold, and the lowest in italics. To date, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba and Guatemala have notified the Secretariat that they follow the guidelines of the Codex for coffee. Ecuador uses a combination of standards from the Codex, the US Environmental Protection Agency, the EU and Japan. Gabon, Haiti and Rwanda reported negligible use of pesticides. Table 2 shows the lengthier list of 504 pesticides and their specific MRLs in the EU, Japan and the USA, as the largest import markets, and Brazil, Ecuador, Kenya and Indonesia, who provided specific information. 3. Furthermore, several pesticides are denoted in Table 2 as being regulated by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). The Stockholm Convention was adopted in 2001 and entered into force in It has 152 Parties and 178 Signatories, and requires parties to eliminate or reduce the release of POPs into the environment. It covers three classes of chemicals: those in Annex A are to be eliminated, those in Annex B are to be reduced, and those listed in Annex C are to avoid unintentional release. Twelve initial POPs were listed in 2001, with nine added in In 2011, the pesticide Endosulfan was added to Annex A for elimination. This ban became effective on 27 October 2012, although certain specific exemptions can be granted under the terms of the Convention. Further information is available at The contents of this document are based on information made available by Members and in the public domain. Reasonable effort has been made to ensure its accuracy at time of publication. However, the ICO does not warrant the accuracy of this information and cannot accept responsibility for errors, inaccuracies or omissions that may be contained in this document.

3 2 Pesticide Table 1: Comparison between Codex Alimentarius and selected national standards Codex Alimentarius EU Japan USA Brazil Ecuador Indonesia Kenya Aldicarb * Boscalid Carbendazim and benomyl Carbofuran Chlorpyrifos Clothianidin Cypermethrin Disulfoton Endosulfan * Haloxyfop Imidacloprid Permethrin Phorate Propiconazole Pyraclostrobin Spirodiclofen Tebuconazole Terbufos Thiamethoxam Triadimefon Triadimenol In mg/kg A blank means information is not available * Listed in Stockholm Convention Annex A

4 3 Table 2: Maximum Residue Limits of all pesticides 1,1 dichloro 2,2 bis(4 ethylphenyl)ethane ,3 Dichloropropene Methylcyclopropene Naphthylacetamide Naphthylacetic acid ,4,5 T ,4 DB ,4 D phenylphenol CPA Abamectin Acephate Acequinocyl Acetamiprid Acetochlor Acibenzolar S methyl Aclonifen Acrinathrin Alachlor Aldicarb * Aldrin and Dieldrin Ametoctradin Amidosulfuron Aminopyralid Amisulbrom Amitraz Amitrole Anilazine Aramite Asulam Atrazine Azadirachtin Azimsulfuron Azinphos ethyl Azinphos methyl Azocyclotin and Cyhexatin Azoxystrobin Barban Beflubutamid Benalaxyl Benfluralin 0.050

5 4 Benfuracarb Bensulfuron Methyl Bensulide Bentazone Benthiavalicarb Benzyladenine Bifenazate Bifenox Bifenthrin Bilanafos Binapacryl Bioresmethrin Biphenyl Bitertanol Bixafen Boscalid Brodifacoum Bromide ion Bromophos ethyl Bromopropylate Bromoxynil Bromuconazole Bupirimate Buprofezin Butralin Butylate Cadusafos Camphechlor (Toxaphene) * Captafol X Captan Carbadox X Carbaryl Carbendazim and benomyl Carbetamide Carbofuran Carbosulfan Carboxin Carfentrazone ethyl Chloramphenicol Chlorantraniliprole Chlorbenside Chlorbufam Chlordane * Chlordecone * 0.020

6 5 Chlorfenapyr Chlorfenson Chlorfenvinphos Chlorfluazuron Chloridazon Chlormequat Chlorobenzilate Chloropicrin Chlorothalonil Chlorotoluron Chloroxuron Chlorpromazine Chlorpropham Chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos methyl Chlorsulfuron Chlorthal dimethyl Chlorthiamid Chlozolinate Chromafenozide Cinidon ethyl Clethodim Clodinafop Clofentezine Clomazone Clopyralid Clothianidin Copper compounds Copper nonylphenosulfonate Copper telephthalate Coumaphos Cyanamide Cyazofamid Cyclanilide Cycloprothrin Cycloxydim Cyflufenamid Cyfluthrin Cyhalofop butyl Cymoxanil Cypermethrin Cyproconazole Cyprodinil Cyromazine

7 6 Dalapon (2,2 Dichloropropanoic acid) Daminozide Dazomet DBEDC DDT Deltamethrin (cis deltamethrin) Demeton S Methyl Desmedipham Diafenthiuron Diallate Diazinon Dicamba Dichlobenil Dichlorprop Dichlorvos Diclofop Diclomezine Dicloran Dicofol Diethofencarb Diethylstilbestrol Difenoconazole Difenzoquat Diflubenzuron Diflufenican Diflufenzopyr Dimethachlor Dimethenamid p Dimethipin Dimethoate Dimethomorph Dimetridazole Dimoxystrobin Diniconazole Dinocap Dinoseb Dinoterb Dioxathion Diphenylamine Diquat Disulfoton Dithianon Dithiocarbamates

8 7 Diuron DNOC Dodine Emamectin Endosulfan * Endrin * Epoxiconazole EPTC (ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) Ethalfluralin Ethametsulfuron methyl Ethephon Ethion Ethirimol Ethofumesate Ethoprophos Ethoxyquin Ethoxysulfuron Ethyclozate Ethylene dibromide (1,2 dibromoethane) Ethylene dichloride (1,2 dichloroethane) Ethylene oxide Etofenprox Etoxazole Etridiazole Famoxadone Fenamidone Fenamiphos Fenarimol Fenazaquin Fenbuconazole Fenbutatin oxide Fenchlorphos Fenhexamid Fenitrothion Fenoxaprop P Fenoxycarb Fenpropathrin Fenpropidin Fenpropimorph Fenpyrazamine Fenpyroximate Fenthion

9 8 Fentin acetate Fentin hydroxide Fenvalerate and Esfenvalerate Fipronil Flazasulfuron Flonicamid Florasulam Florchlorfenuron Fluazifop P butyl Fluazinam Flubendiamide Flucycloxuron Flucythrinate Fludioxonil Flufenacet Flufenoxuron Flufenzin Flumioxazine Fluometuron Fluopicolide Fluopyram Fluoride Fluoroglycofene Fluoroimide Fluoxastrobin Flupyrsulfuron methyl Fluquinconazole Flurochloridone Fluroxypyr Flurprimidole Flurtamone Flusilazole Flutolanil Flutriafol Fluxapyroxad Folpet Fomesafen Foramsulfuron Forchlorfenuron Formetanate Formothion Fosetyl Al Fosthiazate Fuberidazole

10 9 Furaltadone Furametpyr Furathiocarb Furazolidone Furfural Gibberellic acid Glufosinate ammonium Glyphosates Guazatine Halosulfuron methyl Haloxyfop Heptachlor * Hexachlorobenzene * Hexachlorociclohexane Hexaconazole Hexaflumuron Hexythiazox Hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen phosphide Hymexazol Imazalil Imazamox Imazapic Imazaquin Imazethapyr ammonium Imazosulfuron Imidacloprid Iminoctadine Indoxacarb Iodosulfuron methyl Ioxynil Ipconazole Iprodione Iprovalicarb Isoprothiolane Isoproturon Isopyrazam Isouron Isoxaben Isoxaflutole Kresoxim methyl Lactofen Lambda Cyhalothrin Lenacil

11 10 Lindane * Linuron Lufenuron Malachite Green Malathion Maleic hydrazide Mandipropamid MCPA and MCPB Mecarbam Mecoprop Mepanipyrim Mepiquat Mepronil Meptyldinocap Mercury compounds Mesosulfuron methyl Mesotrione Metaflumizone Metalaxyl and metalaxyl M Metaldehyde Metamitron Metazachlor Metconazole Methabenzthiazuron Methacrifos Methamidophos Methidathion Methiocarb Metholachlor and metholachlor S Methomyl and Thiodicarb Methoprene Methoxychlor Methoxyfenozide Metosulam Metrafenone Metribuzin Metronidazole Metsulfuron methyl Mevinphos Milbemectin Molinate Monocrotophos Monolinuron Monuron 0.050

12 11 Myclobutanyl Napropamide Nicosulfuron Nitenpyram Nitrofen Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurazone Novaluron Orthosulfamuron Oryzalin Oxadiargyl Oxadiazon Oxadixyl Oxamyl Oxasulfuron Oxaziclomefon Oxycarboxin Oxydemeton methyl Oxyfluorfen Paclobutrazol Paraquat Parathion Parathion methyl Penconazole Pencycuron Pendimethalin Penoxsulam Permethrin Pethoxamid Phenmedipham Phenothrin Phorate Phosalone Phosmet Phosphamidon Phosphines and phosphides Phosphorodithioate Phoxim Picloram Picolinafen Picoxystrobin Pindone Pinoxaden Pirimicarb

13 12 Pirimiphos methyl Probenazole Prochloraz Procymidone Profenofos Profoxydim Prohexadione Propachlor Propamocarb Propanil Propaquizafop Propargite Propham Propiconazole Propineb Propisochlor Propoxur Propoxycarbazone Propyzamide Proquinazid Prosulfocarb Prosulfuron Prothioconazole Pymetrozine Pyraclostrobin Pyraflufen ethyl Pyrasulfotole Pyrazolynate Pyrazophos Pyrethrins Pyridaben Pyridalyl Pyridate Pyrimethanil Pyriproxyfen Pyroxsulam Quinalphos Quinclorac Quinmerac Quinoxyfen Quintozene Quizalofop Resmethrin Rimsulfuron 0.100

14 13 Ronidazole Rotenone Sec Butylamine Silthiofam Simazine Spinetoram (XDE 175) Spinosad Spirodiclofen Spiromesifen Spirotetramat Spiroxamine Sulcotrione Sulfentrazone Sulfosulfuron Sulfuryl fluoride Sulphur Tau Fluvalinate Tebuconazole Tebufenozide Tebufenpyrad Tebuthiuron Tecnazene Teflubenzuron Tefluthrin Tembotrione TEPP Tepraloxydim Terbufos Terbuthylazine Tetraconazole Tetradifon Thiabendazole Thiacloprid Thiamethoxam Thifensulfuron methyl Thiobencarb Thiophanate methyl Thiram Tolclofos methyl Tolylfluanid Topramezone Tralkoxydim Triadimefon Triadimenol

15 14 Tri allate Triasulfuron Triazophos Tribenuron methyl Trichlamide Trichlorfon Triclopyr Tricyclazole Tridemorph Trifloxystrobin Triflumizole Triflumuron Trifluralin Triflusulfuron Triforine Trimethyl sulfonium cation Trinexapac Triticonazole Tritosulfuron Valifenalate Vamidothion Vinclozolin Warfarin Ziram Zoxamide In mg/kg A blank means information is not available * Listed in Stockholm Convention Annex A Listed in Stockholm Conven on Annex B Listed in Stockholm Conven on Annex C Not to be detected X Banned at any level