Seaweed in Denmark. What is seaweed? What do we use it for? How do we produce it? Why do we eat it? Tasters

Transcription

1 Seaweed in Denmark What is seaweed? What do we use it for? How do we produce it? Why do we eat it? Tasters

2 Annette Bruhn Research Scientist, Aarhus University Research areas: Cultivation of seaweed Seaweed composition Seaweed as a biofilter Seaweed for food, feed, energy and high value products Seaweed as environmental indicator Co-founder of AlgaeCenter Denmark in 2010 AARHUS UNIVERSITET

3 What is seaweed? Sea grass and algae Algae Photosyntesis No roots No tissue for strength or transportation Spores not seeds Single cells or multicellular

4 Algae - from microscopic to gigantic Fro 1/1000 mm to 60 m Microalgae Maroalgae (seaweed) 4

5 Basis for all life in the ocean Food Oxygen Habitat Coastal protection

6 Algae great diversity Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

7 Algae great diversity

8 Algae great diversity

9 Algae great diversity

10 Algae with glass shells

11 Algae with calcium shells

12 Algae with armour plates

13 Algae with eyes!

14 Algae, that light up!

15 Living near the poles 15

16 Living in the tropics

17 Living on land

18 Living in the abyss

19 Living in the surf 19

20 Nielsen et al, 1995 Seaweed in Danish waters 422 species 156 red algae 128 brown algae 110 green algae 28 others (+ 6 marine plants such as sea grass)

21 Salinity

22 Oxygen Algae produce 50% of the oxygen in the atmosphere

23 Oil Oil is partly made from algae under high temperature and high pressure

24 Chalk

25 Moler

26 Food

27 Stabilisers E400-E407

28 Food colorants

29 Health - Nutraceuticals Omega-3 oils Minerals Vitamins Bioactives

30 Bioactives Plant growth Anti-fouling Medical

31 Value Seaweed as a future bioresource Biorefinery <1% bioactives 3% colorants 3% oil 15% protein 20% ash/minerals 60% carbohydrates Bioactives Ingredients Feed/protein Energy

32 The marine environment Biofilter from nitrogen to protein Circular nutrient flow between land and sea

33 Global production of seaweed Cultivated Harvested FAO, 2012

34 Production 23 mio tons 5,9 mia US $ >99% in Asia

35 How to cultivate kelp? Sugarkelp (Saccharina latissima) On land At sea

36 How to cultivate kelp? Reb stofstrimler presseninger

37 How does it look from the surface?

38 How does it look under water? Hanging reef Attracting marine life Increasing biodiversity Taking up nutrients Taking up CO 2

39 Seaweed cultivation in Denmark Hjarnø Havbrug 100 hq Seaweed Societé 80 ha Danish Shellfish Centre, DTU-Aqua 4 ha Algaecenter Denmark (20 ha) Price ca DKR per hektar Production ca 10 ton per hektar

40 Seaweed cultivation in Denmark Hjarnø Havbrug in Horsens Fjord 100 hectares with seaweed Largest in Europa Primarily sold for food

41 Compensation crop Rainbow trout Blue mussels Sugar kelp Particulate Organic Matter Dissolved Inorganic nutrients

42 Increase yioed lower costs Increase value Challenge in DK and Europe Gap between costs of production and income (energy) ~ factor 10 European saleries are too high Sales price of energy is low Product Product Product Biomass Pretreatment Processing Product 1 Dowle & Barton, 2011.

43 Increase yield reduce costs Selective breeding Optimising technology Scaling up Off-shore Robust systems Increase mechanisation Decrease handling

44 Value Increase value Biorefinery <1% bioactives 3% colorants 3% oil 15% protein 20% ash/minerals 60% carbohydrates Bioactives Ingredients Feed/protein Energy

45 Seaweed research in Denmark Cultivation technology Selective Breeding Genetics Selection of ecotypes Increase of yield Increase of protein content Biorefinery Bioactives

46 Research at Aarhus University Cultivation technology Selective Breeding Scaling up Industry cooperation Algae Center Denmark Research Industrial cooperation Dissemination Technological, Institute, Kattegatcenteret, AU-BIOS Large projects Innovation foundation EU H2020 ERA-NET Facilities: Landbased cultivation Off-shore cultivation 20 ha International conference AARHUS UNIVERSITET

47 Seaweed products in Denmark Nordisk Tang Started with small project with AU

48 Nordisk Tang Pestos Spices Mustards Baking mix Oil Snacks Snaps Reciepe book. From 1 to 8 employed International market expansion: China, Germany, Italy..

49 Caviart Jens Møller products Artificial caviar Seaweed based alginate shells Many flavours

50 Fermentationexperts Fermentation of landbased crops and seaweed Substitute for antibiotics in pig production Sold now in Bilka!

51 Why do we eat seaweed? Healthy Minerals Vitamins Omega 3 Bioactives Fibres Tasty Umami Interesting texture

52 Bladderwrack salad A handfull of fresh bladderwrack Boiling water Lemon/lime Salt Sesame seeds Chili or other spices Cut the tips of the bladderwrack Pour boiling water (color changes from brown to green) Pour cold water Dry the bladderwrack Add lemon, salt, sesame seeds and spices Bon appetit! AARHUS UNIVERSITET

53 - and now for the tasters AARHUS UNIVERSITET