ECOST-MEETING-FA1104 WG1 : APPLICATION OF GENOMIC APPROACHES TO BREEDING CHERRIES in HUNGARY. Trento, 1th OCTOBER 2012

Transcription

1 Attila Hegedűs 1 Papp N. 2, Pfeiffer P. 1, Szikriszt B. 1, Halász J. 1, Abrankó L. 2, Szabó T. 3, Szőke F. 3, Nyéki J. 4, Szabó Z. 4, Dogan, A. 5, Ercisli, S. 6, Stefanovits-Bányai É. 2 ECOST-MEETING-FA1104 WG1 : APPLICATION OF GENOMIC APPROACHES TO BREEDING CHERRIES in HUNGARY Trento, 1th OCTOBER Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary; 2 Department of Applied Chemistry, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary; 3 Research and Extension Centre for Fruit Growing, Újfehértó, Hungary; 4 Institute for Extension and Development, University of Debrecen, Hungary; 5 Ataturk Central Horticultural Research Institute, 77102, Yalova, Turkey; 6 Department of Horticulture, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey; hegedus.attila@uni-corvinus.hu

2 Hungary is a small country in Europe, but it is great in terms of sour cherry: Has a long tradition in cherry growing. Cherry species are parts of the natural vegetation. Roman Empire: Lucullus sweet cherry Trade roads (Amber Road) 14th century: fruit names in documents 16th century: documents on growing 1666: Lippay János, Gyümölcsöskert 1. Turkey Russian Federation Ukraine Poland Iran USA Serbia Hungary Belarus 51089

3 I Sour cherry

4 An old and successful Hungarian sour cherry cultivar: Újfehértói fürtös

5 An old and successful Hungarian sour cherry cultivar: Újfehértói fürtös (syn. Balaton, Groniasta etc.) USA (400 ha) Poland Germany (370 ha) Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia I have included a photo of 'Balaton' sour cherry growing in Wisconsin. I took the picture just last week! The fruit were not yet ready, but the farm manager was impressed with the crop the trees had on them.

6 Sour cherry in Hungary Megyaszó Meggyeshalom Nyírmeggyes Meggyeskovácsi Meggyespuszta Meggyespele Meggyes, Püspökladány Ajak Lövőpetri Vásárosnamény Somogymeggyes made by: HA Meggyes Meggy = Sour cherry

7 A typical street in the village Ajak

8 Methods - Fruit quality parameters Weight Soluble solid content (Brix %) Titratable acidity (malic ac. %) ph - Total antioxidant capacity (FRAP, TEAC, DPPH, Photochem) - Total phenolic content (TPC) - Total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) - Vitamin C - Polyphenolic compounds - Specific sugar contents - Identification and expression analysis of flavonoid genes - Evaluating in vivo health-effects HPLC DAD or MS/MS, qtof

9 Sour cherries with enhanced functional properties Pipacs 1 Officially recognized: 1980 Breeder: Sándor Kovács, Corvinus University of Budapest VN-1 Cultivar candidate: 2011 Breeder: Ferenc Szőke, private breeder Selected at Kecel, Hungary Selected at Vásárosnamény, Hungary Vásárosnamény Kecel

10 Sour cherries with enhanced functional properties Pipacs 1 Amarelle type White flesh, high polyphenol and vitamin C contents with low anthocyanin content VN-1 Morello type, Bosniac type Black flesh, high polyphenol and anthocyanin contents

11 Total antioxidant capacity, FRAP (mmolas/l) Korai pipacs Maliga eml. M Érdi bőtermő Petri Kántorjánosi R A Pándy 279 Debreceni bőt. 18/12 N-2 Cigány 59 Éva L D Újfehértói fürtös E VN-4 Oblacsinszka Csengődi Érdi jubileum Érdi nagygyüm. Cigány C404 Kőrösi korai Cigány 7 Korai meteor VN-7 18/25 Sárándi VN-1 Pipacs 1

12 Cherry over the berry The antioxidant capacity of Pipacs 1 fruits is in the range characteristic for black currants. The antioxidant capacity of VN-1 fruits is in the range characteristic for sloe and dominated by the anthocyanin content. While much of the antioxidant capacity of Pipacs 1 fruits is attributed to the colourless phenolic compounds and vitamin C. 40 Pipacs 1 is a cherry over the berry! FRAP (mmol AA/L) peach cherry plum apple apricot sweet cherry Japanese plum strawberry plum sour cherry raspberry red current sloe VN-1 black current Pipacs 1

13 Anthocyanin contents of sour cherry cultivars Antocianin (mg cy-3-gl/100 g) Debreceni bőtermő Pandy 279 Kántorjánosi Érdi Bőtermő Pipacs 1 Újfehértói fürtös Éva (T) Oblacsinszka Cigány 7 VN-7 VN-01

14 Identification of the polyphenol pathway genes PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA LYASE (PAL; EC ) CHALCONE SYNTASE (CHS; EC ) DIHYDROFLAVONOL 4- REDUCTASE (DFR, EC ) ANTHOCIANIDIN SYNTHASE (ANS=LDOX; EC ) Etc. Winkel-Shirly B 2001

15 Ripening stages Spatio-temporal expression of sour cherry flavonoid genes Peel Pipacs 1 VN cultivar candidate

16 Rat hyperlipidemia model 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid B-Type procyanidin dimer B-Type Procyanidin trimer Rutin-O-hexoside Rutin (quercetin-o-rutinoside) Kaempferol-O-rutinoside Isorhamnetin-O-rutinoside Cyanidin-O-hexoside Cyanidin-O-deoxyhexoside-sophoroside Cyanidin-O-rutinoside Isoflavonoids CH (mmol/l) c b,c b a Ctr Ath UF NS c 5 c Cancer Cardiovascular diseases Metabolic syndromes LDL (mmol/l) b There is a new selection supposed to be extremely powerful against hyperlipidemia 1 0 a Ctr Ath UF NS

17 First mention of a Hungarian Pharma-cherry? All curing or Martini sour cherry (Johann Kraft, Pomona Austriaca, 1792) Pytheas Publishing House, Hungary Its fruits not only extend the choice of healthy foods, but under our conditions they became an inevitable medicine that can successfully prevent many diseases. (Ferenc Entz)

18 Health & Wellness megatrend The nutraceuticals segment of functional soft drinks in Western Europe is growing at an annual rate of 22.4% in terms of volume. Current Beverage Trends Markets worldwide are being shaped by the health & wellness megatrend. This includes the beverage sector, where growing consumer demands for health-promoting products have had a major impact on manufacturers product line policy. Innovations that are successful today meet the following requirements: Low Cal : Low energy and calorie content Sweetness from Fruits : Natural sweetness from the fruit Fruit Portions : From fruit shots to fruit smoothies Low GI : Low glycemic index (sustainable energy) Nutraceuticals - True Functionals with measurable health benefits

19 A perspective Hungarian cultivar: Éva

20 A new perspective Hungarian cultivar: Lövőpetri

21 A new perspective Hungarian cultivar: Lövőpetri

22 II Sweet cherry

23 Status on sweet cherry S-locus genotyping

24 Geographic distribution of the tested germplasm 30 landrace cultivars and 17 local genotypes selected from populations growing wild at the Black Sea coast (Atatürk Central Horticultural Research Institute, Yalova, Turkey) HATAY Source:

25 Distribution of the S-allele pool among sweet, wild and sour cherries S 8 =S 3 S 15 =S 5 S 11 =S 7 Cultivated sweet cherry S 24 S 23 =S 14 S 25 =S 21 S 7 S 1 S 20 S 28 S 27 S 30 S 18 S 29 S 31 S 2 S S 5 3 S S 4 6 S 10 S S S 21 S 22 S 12 S 13 S 14 S 16 S 9 S 36b2 S 33 S 26 S 36a S 36b S 35 S 32 Wild cherry Sour cherry S 34 S 36b3

26 Distribution of the S-allele pool among sweet, wild and sour cherries S 8 =S 3 S 15 =S 5 S 11 =S 7 Cultivated sweet cherry S 24 S 23 =S 14 S 25 =S 21 S 7 S 1 S 20 S 28 S 27 S 30 S 29 S 31 S S 5 3 S S 4 6 S 2 S 18 S 10 S S S 21 S 22 S 12 S 13 S 14 S 16 S 9 S 36b2 S 33 S 26 S 36a S 36b S 35 S 32 Wild cherry Sour cherry S 34 S 36b3

27 Distribution of the S-allele pool among sweet, wild and sour cherries S 8 =S 3 S 15 =S 5 S 11 =S 7 Cultivated sweet cherry S 24 S 23 =S 14 S 25 =S 21 S 7 S 1 S 20 S 27 S 28 S 29 S 30 S 31 S S 5 3 S S 4 6 S 2 S 18 S 10 S S S 21 S 22 S 12 S 13 S 14 S 16 S 9 S 36b2 S 33 S 26 S 36a S 36b S 35 S 32 Wild cherry S 34 Sour cherry S 36b3

28 Future tasks Sour cherry selection is an ongoing task in North-Eastern Hungary Pipacs 1 : identification of mislabelled genotypes by using molecular markers (gene-specific and SSR) Developing molecular markers for dominating specific compounds in sour cherry selections Animal and clinical studies to characterize the efficiency of different sour cherries in preventing and treating of several diseases Self-(in)compatibility studies in sweet and sour cherries, crop evolution

29 Thank you for your kind attention! Dr. Júlia Halász Dr. Attila Hegedűs Dr. Sezai Ercişli Dr. Adnan Doğan Dr. Stefanovits-Bányai Éva Dr. Abrankó László Dr. Pfeiffer Péter Papp Nóra Bernadett Szikriszt János Bolyai Scholarship, HAS Dr. József Nyéki Dr. Zoltán Szabó Ferenc Szőke OTKA K84290 NKTH-OTKA K68921 OTKA PD78124

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