YS%,xldfõ ia;s% iu,sx.sl" oaú,sx.sl" g%dkaia mqoa.,hska m%ldy lrk mßè fjkiafldg ie,lsu iy ysxikh ms<sn w;a±lsï

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2 [ YS%,xldfõ ia;s% iu,sx.sl" oaú,sx.sl" g%dkaia mqoa.,hska m%ldy lrk mßè fjkiafldg ie,lsu iy ysxikh ms<sn w;a±lsï ] ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj ug u;lhs msßñ fokafkla udj Wrysiska ;olr,d w,a,df.k" ì;a;shlg ;olrf.k nvg ;Èka.eyqjd' uu fldfydu yß ta f.d,a,kaf.ka fíß,d" tlaflfkl=f.a uqkg.y,d thdf.a f;d, me jd' Bg miafia ;uhs ta wh udj od,d.sfha' zwd" thdkï kslïu mrdch ndr.kak flfkla fkfïz lshñka ''' ud fmr<d igka lrk nj ta f.d,af,da ±k.;a;g miafia udj od,d ;S% ù,a tllg ke.,d mek,d.shd hehs mejiqjd h' pñ,d iu. l< iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" 2010 iema;eïn¾ 18" Y%S,xldj' 1

3 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj YS%,xldfõ ia;s% iu,sx.sl" oaú,sx.sl" g%dkaia mqoa.,hska m%ldy lrk mßè fjkiafldg ie,lsu iy ysxikh ms<sn w;a±lsï m%:u uqøkh - ud¾;= 2014" fld<u" Y%S,xldj' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu 2

4 [ #01 wka;¾.;h] ia;=;sh fmrjok 01' ye kaùu 02' l%ufõoh 03' mdßndis; fhÿï 04' iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq mqoa.,hskaf.a f;dr;=re 05' YS%,xldfõ udkj ysñlï ms<sn miqìu 06' rdch fkdjk md¾yjhkaf.ka isÿjk ysxikh iy fjkiafldg ie,lsu a] Ñ;a;fõ.sl ysxikh i jdñl wmfhdackh ii ixiald;sl$ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh iïu;hka ys n,meje;au iy ne Kq ysxikh b] YdÍßl ysxikh c],sx.sl m%pkav;ajh d] ióm;u iylrejdf.ka isÿjk m%pkav;ajh e] /lshd ia:dkfha isÿjk fjkiafldg ie,lsu 07' rdch ks,odíka u.ska isÿjk m%pkav;ajh iy fjkiafldg ie,lsu 08' iyk,nd.eksfï ud¾. 09' il%sh f,i m%;spdr ±laùu" uqyqk u a] n,meula iys; m%;spdr b) bjid isàfuka olajk m%;spdrh' c) ils%h$ls%hdldí m%;spdr ¹ ¹ ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj 3

5 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj 10' YS%,xldfõ ia;s% iu,sx.sl" oaú,sx.sl iy g%dkaia mqoa.,hskag n,mdk ks;s a) okav ks;s ix.%yfha 365A j.ka;sh - nrm;, winh;dj b) 399 j.ka;sh - okav ks;s ix.%yh - mqoa.,drevh u.ska /jàu c) 1842 whd, wd{d mk; d) uq,sl whs;sjdislï e) cd;hka;r.súiqï 11' ks¾foay 12' wdy%s;.%ka: 13' Wm.%ka: Wm.%ka: A - mqoa., f;dr;=re Wm.%ka: B - mdßndis; jpk ud,dj Wm.%ka: C -,sx.sl;ajh ms<sm udoh ;=<ska jd¾;dj jq,sms$f,alk ¹ 4

6 [ ia;=;sh ] fuu m¾fhaikh id¾:l lr.eksu i yd bèßm;a ù" n,dfmdfrd;a;= iys;" wfmacid iqka jq" wns; iy i;h isÿùï we;=<;a l;kaor" wm iuõ leue;af;ka fnod.;a iïuql idlépdjg iynd.s jq ish u fokdg" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhfï ia;=;sh m< lruq' tfukau m¾fhaikh i yd odhl jq" Wkkaÿjla oela jq md¾yjhkag o wmf.a ld;{;djh ysñ fõ' fuu m¾fhaikh mqrdjgu u.fmkajñka iy iyfhda.h,ndÿka mqrei iu,sx.sl iy ia;s% iu,sx.sl whs;sjdislï ms<sn cd;hka;r fldñiug (International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission - IGLHRC) ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhfï úfyai ia;=;sh m< lrk w;ru fujeks m¾fhaikhla ms<sn`oj wm ;=< jq woyi h:d¾:hla lr.eksug wmg uq,huh iydh,ndÿka úyaj ldka;d wruqo, ^Globle Fund for Women&" mqrei iu,sx.sl iy ia;s% iu,sx.sl whs;sjdislï ms<sn cd;hka;r fldñiu iy ol=kq wdishdkq ldka;d wruqo,g ^South Asian Women's Fund& wmf.a ydohdx.u ia;=;sh msßkuuq' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj ¹ 5

7 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj,sx.sl keuqrej" ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh" m%ldykh iy w¾:l:khka u; mokï jq m%pkav;ajh iy fjkiafldg ie,lsïj,ska f;drj isàfï whs;sh Wfoidjk l%shdldß;ajhkays wmg uõ fmkajñka ksrka;rfhka u kejqï woyia,ndÿka" iq ;r,sx.sl whs;sjdislï ms<sn l;sldj iudc.; lsífuys,d mqfrda.dó l%shdldßkshl jq o ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhfï m%drïnl idudðldjl jq o wdorksh [ iqks,d wfífialr ifydaoßhg ] ^ & fuu m¾fhaik ld;sh ms<s.kajkafkuq' ¹ 6

8 [ fmrjok ],sx.sl keuqrej ms<sn úfyaihla fkdfldg fmdÿfõ iudkd;au;djh i yd we;s whs;sh" uq,sl udkj whs;sjdislula nj jeä jeäfhka f,dalhd úiska wo ms<s.ksñka isà' ue; b;sydifha",sx.sl keuqrej iy ia;%s-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh iïnkao whs;ska ms<sn.eg j, ie,lsh hq;= jeäùula" cd;hka;r udkj ysñlï WoafoaIK l%shdj,sh ;=< olakg,efí' 2008 j¾ifha fhdackd lrk,o ia;%s iy mqrei iu,sx.sl" oaú,sx.sl iy g%dkaia mqoa.,hskaf.a,sx.sl whs;skag iydh fok fhdackdj,sh i yd ±kg w;aikafldg we;af;a rgj,a 94 la mukls' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj 2011 j¾ifha udkj ysñlï ljqkais,h úiska ia;%s iy mqrei iu,sx.sl" oaú,sx.sl iy g%dkaia mqoa.,hskaf.aa (LGBT) whs;sjdislï iïnkaoj fhdackdj,shla iïu; lrk, ' ^ol=kq wm%sldj úiska fhdackd lrk,o&' 2006 j¾ifha bkaÿksishdfõ fhda.hdl¾;d kqjrg /iajq udkj ysñlï fcia;%fha m%uqlhska jk fïß frdìkaika" wiaud fcydka.s¾" *%s,a w,aiaüka" uekaf*%aâ fkdjdla iy fmda,a ykaü úiska,sx.sl keuqrej iy ia;%s-mqrei iudcndù wkkh;djh iïnkaofhka cd;hka;r udkj ysñlï ks;sh fhdod.eksu ms<sn uq,sl isoaodka; 29 la ilia lrk, ' fuu.ska mßmq¾k cd;hka;r iïuq;shla ks¾udkh lsífuys,d wä;d,ula,nd we;ehs úyajdi flf¾' o~qjï,nd u iy iuyr wjia:dj, uyck iyfhda.h we;sj LBT iudchg uqyqk meug isÿjk m%pkav;ajh fuu m%yakfha úfyaijk tla me;slvls' 2011 j¾ifha fkdjeïn¾ ui m%ldyhg m;a jq udkj ysñlï ms<sn uyflduidßiaf.a jd¾;dj u.ska f,dalfha fndfyda m%foayj, ia;%s iu,sx.slhska" mqrei ¹ 7

9 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj iu,sx.slhska" oaú,sx.slhska iy g%dkaia mqoa.,hskag w;aoelsug isÿjk Nhdkl m%pkav;ajh iy ysxikh iïnkaofhka iúia;rj i yka fõ' Y%S,xldfõ ldka;d l%shdldí lkavdhu úiska ue;l ksudlrk,o Y%S,xldfõ LBT mqoa.,hska uqyqk fok m%pkav;ajh iïnkaofhka.=kd;aul m¾fhaikh ;=< YdÍßl ysxikh",sx.sl m%pkav;ajh" Ñ;a;fõ.sl m%pkav;ajh" ióm;u iylref.ka isÿjk m%pkav;ajh iy /lshd ia:dkfha isÿjk m%pkav;ajh ms<sn j isoaê wohkhka u.ska úia;r lr we;' th i;h jyfhkau lïmd lrjk jd¾;djls' LBT mqoa.,hskaf.a uq,sl whs;ska W,a,x>Kh lrñka Tjqka wmrdolrejka njg m;alrk mj;sk ks;s rduqj ms<sn úfõpkhla o fuu jd¾;dfj ys wvx.= fõ' fuu wohkh" LBT mqoa.,hska uqyqk fok fjkiafldg ie,lsu iy ysxikh ms<sn j oekqj;andjhla,nd u i yd wdodrjkq we;ehs uu úyajdi lrñ' oekqj;andjh we;s jq miq th l%shdjg kexúh hq;=h' fuu jd¾;dfõ i yka ks¾foay iïnkaofhka.euqßka is;d ne,sh hq;=jk w;r udkj whs;ska iy ck;djf.a uq,sl f.!rjh ms<sn j úyajdi lrk mqoa.,hska úiska fuu khdh m;%h bèßhg f.k hd hq;=j we;' wdpd¾h rêld l=udriajdñ ldka;djkag tfrys m%pkav;ajh ms<sn ysgmq iy tlai;a cd;skaf.a uyf,alï hgf;a tla j;djla isá úfyai jd¾;dlre iy <uqka iy hqo.egqï iïnkaofhka tlai;a cd;skaf.a uyf,alïf.a úfyai ksfhdað; ¹ 8

10 [ # 01 ye kaùu ] ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj zzud ys;k úèyg ug f.dvdlau fjkia fldg ie,l=fõ uf.a mjqf,a wh' Tjqka ug udkislj jdñlj fjkia fldg ie,l=jd' Tjqka ud ia;s% iu,sx.slfhl= f,i ms<sfkd.;a;d fiau" ud mqreihl= iu. isàu werekqfldg fjk fohla ms<s.eksu m%;sfciam l<d' Tjqka Wmßufhkau uf.a,sx.sl;ajh ms<s.eksu m%;sfciam lsíu iy jika lsíu lrkq,enqjd' ug we;a;gu m%yak tkafka uf.a mjqf,a whf.ka' ;ju;a fïjd isÿfjñka mj;skjd'zz u,a,sld ( y;,sia úhe;s" ia;s% iu,sx.slhl= f,iska ;udj y kajd.kshs' zzuf.a iyldßhf.a mjqf,a wh úiska weh iqj lsíug" wehg nf,ka fm;s iy fnfy;a ;sfnkjd' Tjqka wehj úiu,sx.sl mqoa.,hl= lsíug ±ä W;aidyhl fhÿkd' foj;djla wehg úÿ,sier fï m%;sldrh o lrkq,enqjd'zz frdiañ ( ;siakj yeúßè ia;%s iu,sx.slfhl= f,ig ;uka y kajd.kshs' [1. ixl%dka;s,ssx.slhska ye`èkaùu i`oyd Ndú;d lrkq,nhs ^ia;s% isg mqrei lrd - ] g%dkaia mqoa.,hska& we;=,;a fõ' fm!oa.,sl;ajh iy ryis.;ndjh iq/lsu i`oyd ks¾kdñl kï.ï Ndú;dfldg we;' 9

11 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj 2010 j¾ifha isg 2012 j¾ih olajd ld,h ;=<" ia;s% iu,sx.slhska" oaú,sx.slhska iy g%dkaia ^LBT& mqoa.,hska 3 ms<sn j WoafoaYk l%shdldrlï ys fhfok iy iydh imhk fld<u msysá rdch fkdjk ixúodkhlajk ldka;d l%shdldí lkavdhu ^WSG) úiska LBT 2 mqoa.,hskag iqúfyaifhka uqyqk ug isÿjk ysxikhka iy fjkia fldg ie,lsu ms<sn w;a±lsï f,alk.; lrk, ' mqrei iy ia;%s% iu,sx.sl udkj whs;sjdislï ms<sn cd;hka;r fldñifï (IGLHRC) uq,sl;ajfhka rgj,a 5 la iïnkaofldg f.k wdrïn lrk,o jhdmd;shla jk fuu m¾fhaikh",sx.sl keuqrej" ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh fyda ia;s% - mqrei iudcndùh w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh u; mokïj úiu,sx.sl iïu;hg mgyeks ia;s%ka iy ixl%dka;s,sx.sl mqoa.,hskag tfrysj isÿjk ysxikhka ms<sn j idlépd lsífï wdishd;sl ls%hdldrlï hk f;audj hgf;a fuu m¾fhaikh wdrïn lrk, ' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" LBT mqoa.,hka iuõ úia;rd;aul iïuql idlépd 33 la o" wod< md¾yjhka ^Wod( ks;s{hka" ffjohjreka" ufkda WmfoaYljreka" udoh ksfhdað;hska" ydïmq;=ka" wd.ñl kdhlhska" wohdmk wdh;k ksfhdað;hska" rdch fkdjk ixúodk iy rdch fiajlhka& iu. úia;rd;aul iïuql idlépd 54 la o mj;ajk, ' my; ±lafjk f;audjka hgf;a m%yak jhqy.; lrk, ' udkisl ysxikh" YdÍßl ysxikh",sx.sl ysxikh" ióm;u iylrejkaf.ka isÿjk ysxikh" /lshd ia:dkfha isÿjk fjkiafldg ie,lsu" rch u.ska isÿjk ysxikh" iyk,nd.eksfï yelshdj iy uevmeje;aùfï ls%hdud¾.' fuu iïuql idlépdj uõska LBT mqoa.,hskaf.a udkj ysñlï iïnkaofhka fuf;la YS%,xldfõ jd¾;d.; fkdjqkq b;du ;SrKd;aul o¾yl wkdjrkh úh' fuu m¾fhaikh i yd wm úiska msßñ iy ia;s% ixl%dka;s,sx.slhka fhdod f.k we;' fuu mq,a mohg ia;s% iu,sx.slhska' ia;s% oaú,sx.slhska iy g%dkaia ^ia;%s isg mqrei lrd ixl%dka;s jq mqoa.,hska& we;=,;afõ' ia;s% iu,sx.slhska" oaú,sx.slhska iy g%dkaia ] mqoa.,hska ye`èkaùu i`oyd fu;eka isg fuu,shú,af,ys LBT hkqfjka Ndú;d [lrkq,nhs'

12 YS%,xldfõ LBT mqoa.,hska fndfyda úg Ñ;a;fõ.S iy udkisl ysxikhkag,lajkafka Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl keuqrej iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndjh u; ;SrKh jk wkkh;djh fyda ia;ss%-mqrei iudcndjh u; ;SrKh jk w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh fya;=fldg f.k nj m¾fhaikfha m%odk fidhd.eksuls' iïuql idlépdjg Ndckh lrk,o 33 fokdf.ka ish,a,kau mdfya lsishï wdldrhl Ñ;a;fõ.S iy udkisl ysxikhla w;aolsk,o w;r thg jdñl fkdjk$ksy~ kskaodj" fy,slrk njg ;¾ckh lsíu ^blackmail) zzia;s%- mqrei iudcndùh iïu;hka nf,ka megùu" wd.ñl jyfhka my;afldg ie,lsu" fm!oa.,sl;ajh weysíu" iudc.; ùug ndod meñkùu" fkdi,ld yeíu" mjqf,a wh iy hy jka iu`. ;sfnk iïnkao;d ì ±óu iy yeisíu md,kh lsíu we;=<;a úh' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj fojk fidhd.eksu kï" iïuql idlépd mj;ajk,o ish fokdu mdfya ms<s.;a mßè" Ñ;a;fõ.S ysxik isÿ lrk m%odk;u (perpetrators) wmrdolrejka mjqf,a idudðlhska njhs' iuyr isÿùï j, " iïuql idlépdjg Ndckh lrk,o mqoa.,hska Ñ;a;fõ.S ysxikh w;aolsk,oafoa mjqf,a idudðlhskaf.ka nj fy<slsíug miqng fkdjq w;r mjqf,a idudðlhl= ye kaùfï iy ysxikh ms<sn j tä;rj l;d lsífï zwmrdolrez hk moh Tjqka úiska ta i yd Ndú;d fkdlrk ^Ndú;d lsíug wlue;s&, ' fuu wlue;a; i yd fya;= jq lrekq ms<sn j fuu m¾fhaikh wkdjrkh lrk w;r" th fuys tk fidhd.eksïj, tla jeo.;a wx.hla o fõ' fuu fidhd.eksï u.ska fmks hkafka" YS%,dxlsl ia;s%ka idcir;djh iy wohdmkh jeks ixj¾ok b,lalhka w;r" by<ska isák kuq;a" Tjqkag ms;d uq,sl wdl,amj,g hg;a jq.;dkq.;sl iudchsh mßirhl Ôj;aùug ;jÿrg;a isÿù ;sfnk nj h' tfukau,dxlsl iudcfha úiu,sx.sl újdyhka Wkkaÿ lrkjd fukau fjkaùu iy Èlalidoh wffo¾hh lrjk w;r" mjqf,ka isÿjk ysxikh fukau iylrejdf.ka isÿjk ysxikh iõjd ;nhs' fuu mßirh ia;s% ksoyi" úfyaifhka u,sx.sl iajdëk;ajh iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh fjkialï fkdi,ld yßk fyda wffo¾hhu;a lrk" ia;s%kag iudchg msúisug we;s bvlv isud lsíu iy ia;s%ka 11

13 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj md,kh lsíu i yd mjqf,a fm!oa.,sl mßirh m%odk jyfhka fhdod.kakd w;r th fndfyda úg Tjqkag ;sfnk jvd;a msvdldí wdh;kh jkq we;' LBT mqoa.,hskag fjk;a wdldrhl iydhla,nd.eksug fkdyelsùu fuu ;;a;ajh jvd;a W;aikak ùug fya;= ù ;sfí' ^Wod( Tjqkag" Tjqkaf.a hy jkaf.ka Woõ b,a,sug fkdyels w;r" wd.ñl ia:dk fyda fmd,sish iy ia;%skag iyk i,ik ia:dk" wdh;k jeks rcfha wdh;k fj; <Õdùug o fkdyel'& Ñ;a;fõ.S ysxikhg wu;rj" iïuql idlécdjg,la jq mqoa.,hkaf.ka ;=fkka tllg jvd jeä msßila ^33 fofkl=f.ka 26 fofkl=& YdÍßl ysxikh w;aú w;ehs jd¾;d úh' lrekq ;=kla mokïj fuu jhdmd;sh u.ska YdÍßl ysxikh iïnkaofhka jq w;aoelsïj, úia;r,nd.kakd, ' ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh iy,sx.sl keuqrej ms<sn wkdjrkh ùu (Coming out) iïnkaofhka ndysr iudch olajk m%;spdr" ;u ;ukaf.a,sx.sl iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh m%yak lrk iïnkao;djhl / isàu iïnkaofhks' iïuql idlépdjg Ndckh jq LBT mqoa.,hska l=uk fyda wdldrfha YdÍßl ysixkhlg,lajqfõ ±hs m¾fhailhskaa úiska Tjqkaf.ka úfyaifhka u m%yak lrk, ' fuys " wvlg jvd jeä msßila ^33 fofkl=f.ka 18 fofkl=& YdÍßl ysxikh w;aú we;s nj fuu iïuql idlépd j,ska fy<sùu úfyai lrekls' fohdldrhlska isÿjk ysxikh ^YdÍßl jyfhka iy,sx.sl jyfhka& Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl keuqrej jq ia;s%-mqrei iudcndjh u; mokï jq wkkh;djh u; ;SrKh jk w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh iuõ ne mj;s' iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq mqoa.,hskaf.ka úyauhg m;alrjk ;rï by< m%udkfhka ^33 fofkl=f.ka 31 fofkl=& Tjqkaf.a udkisl fi!lh flfrys fuu ysxikh n,md we;s nj jd¾;d lrk, ' fuys olajd we;s udkisl fi!lh.eg w;r" udkisl wjmsvkh" idxldj" fldamh" fkdreiaik nj" ysxikh ms<sn w;a±lsï iy wkd.;fha isÿúh yels ysxikhka ms<sn j we;s ìh hkdèh ùh' iïuql idlépdjkag iynd.s lr.kakd,o mqoa.,hskaf.ka ;=fkka mx.=jla u ^33 fofkl=f.ka 20 fofkl=& iudcfhka" hy jkaf.ka iy mjqf,a whf.ka fldkaùfï ìh fya;=fldg f.k ;ukaf.a,sx.sl keuqrej 12

14 ms<sn j wka whg fy<s fkdlsíug ;SrKhfldg ;snqks' ;ukagu ysxid lr.eksfï isoaê 20 fofkl= úiska jd¾;d lrk,o w;r" iïuql idlépdjg NdckhjQ mqoa.,hkaf.ka ie,lsh hq;= ixlhdjla" tkï ;=fkka mx.=jla ^33 fofkl=f.ka 11 fofkl=& ishèú ydkslr.eksug W;aidy lsíu ms<sn j jd¾;d lrk, ' YS%,xldfõ mqj;am;aj, ishèú ydkslr.kakd ia;%s fcdavq iïnkaofhka jd¾;d m<ù we;s nj ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu ksílaikh lr we;' 3 úúo md¾yjlrejkaf.aa ^rdch iy rdch fkdjk& iïuql idlépdj,ska j¾;udk YS%,dxlsl iudcfha úúo me;slvhka ys ;sfnkakd jq iu,sx.slhskag úreoao wdl,amh iy ñ;hdjka ys ;Sj%;djh ms<sn.euqre wjfndaohla,enqks' ffjoh" udkisl fi!lh" wohdmk" wd.ñl iy udoh hk fcia;% iuqyhla w;ßka ñ;% md¾yjhla úhyels msßila y kd.eksug fuu iïuql idlépd WmldÍ úh' WodyrKhla f,ig" '''LBT mqoa.,hska iuqyhla iu`. jevlr we;s weh úfyaifhkau ixl%dka;s,sx.sl m%yak ms<sn,xldfõ udkisl fi!lh fcia;%fha ;sfnk.eg iïnkaofhka g%dkaia mqoa.,hska iu`. jev lsíu i`oydjk idhksl ufkda úohd{hkaf.a wjyh;djh y kdf.k we;s w;r,sx.sl keuqrej iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndjh u; ;SrKhjk wkkh;djh ms<sn j wjodrkh lrhs' 4 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj [ 3' 2005 cq,s udifha ".ïmy Èia;s%lalfha msld iy pdksld hk 15 yeúßè ;rekshka fofokd tlsfkld je< f.k bèßhg meñfkk ÿïßhlg mekafka h' ^22'07'2005 -,xld m jd¾;d lrhs'& 2002 wf.daia;= ui ud;f,a Èia;s%lalfha 18 yeúßè iqcdks iy 16 yeúßè wfkdaud rn¾.il f.,je, od.;af;a h' ishèú ydks lr.kakg fmr,shk,o igykl fufia ;snqks' wmg tlg Ôj;aùug fkdyels ksid wms tlg uefrkafkuq' ^23'08'2002-Èjhsk jd¾;d lrhs'& 2001 Tlaf;dan¾ ui.d,a, Èia;s%lalfhka 30 ] yeúßè kkaoksf.a iy 21 yeúßè Ydksldf.a ud;yír frè lene,a,lska w;atlg.eg.id ;sìh uqyqÿ fjr<g.idf.k wjq;a ;sìks' ñksuereul" IKhl fyda,sx.sl w;jrhl,cik tys fkd;snqks' tlsfkldg,shk,o wdor yiqka lsysmhla fmd,siaa mícikj, yuq úh' ^05'11'2001-,xld m jd¾;d lrhs'& 4' udkisl fi!lh iïnkaofhka jk jd;a;slfhl= iu. iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj" 14 cq,s 2011' 13

15 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj [ # 02 l%ufõoh ] ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu úiska LBT 5 mqoa.,hka 33 fofkl= iu. m%udkd;aul iïuql idlépd mj;ajk,o w;r" ish fokdu wmf.a ixúodk cd,h yryd y kd.;a mqoa.,hska úh' fuu m¾fhaikh i yd mq,a mrdihla.eksug wmg wjyh;djh ;snqk o" wmf.a cd,fhka msg; isák LBT mqoa.,hska iïuql idlépdjkag iynd.sùug leue;a;la fkd±la jq ksid th ls%hd;aul lsíu wisre lghq;a;la úh' LBT mqoa.,hskag wu;rj Wkkaÿj olajk úúo md¾yjhka 54 fofkl= iu. wm úiska iïuql idlépd mj;ajk, ' LBT mqoa.,hska iy Wkkaÿj olajk úúo md¾yjhka iu. iïuql idlépd meje;aùu i yd m%yakdj,shla Ndú;d lrk,oafouq' LBT mqoa.,hska iu. meje;a jq iïuql idlépd i yd meh foll ld,hla ^o< jyfhka&.; jq w;r" Wkkaÿjk md¾yjhka iu. meje;a jq iïuql idlépd i yd mehl muk ld,hla.;úh' iynd.s jq mqoa.,hdf.a NdIdj" {dkh wkqj iïuql idlépd isxyf,ka fyda bx.s%isfhka mj;ajk, ' iïuql idlépdjkag uqyqk ÿka oñ< cd;sl mqoa.,fhda ish fokdu mdfya bx.s%is NdIdfjka ms<s;=re ug leue;a;la ±lajqy' ^oñ< NdIdfjka iïuql idlécd meje;aùug o iqodkula ;snqks'& iïuql idlépdj wdrïn lsíug fmr ta i yd leue;a; oelajq ieu flfkl=u fuu m¾fhaikfha wruqkq iy b,lal ms<sn j ±kqj;a lrk,o w;r" Tjqyq ish leue;a; m%ldy [ ] 5' ia;s% iu,sx.sl" oaù,sx.sl iy ixl%dka;s,sx.sl hk moh fuys Ndú;hg.ekqK o iïuql idlépdjg iynd.s jq iuyr mqoa.,hka zia;%s iu,sx.slz" zoaù,sx.slz fyda zixl%dka;s,sx.slz mqoa.,hl= f,ig ;ukaj y kajd ug wlue;s úh' iïuql idlépdjkag Ndckh jqjkaf.a f;dr;=re i yd lrekdlr #04 fldgi n,kak' 14

16 lsífï m;s%ldj w;aika ;enqy' fuys ks¾kdñlndjh iy fm!oa.,sl;ajh ms<sn ;yjqre l< w;ru" leue;a; m%ldy lsífï m;%h u.ska fuu m¾fhaik jhdmd;shg iajleue;af;ka bèßm;a ù iynd.sùfï iajndjh ms<sn j o wjodrkh lrk, ' ms<s;=re fokakkag ;ukaf.ka wik keu m%yakhlg ms<s;=re,ndfkd isáh yels jq w;r" iïuql idlépdj w;r;=r fyda Bg miqj fyda meyeè,s lsíulska f;drj iïuql idlépdfjka bj;aùug ;SrKh lsífï whs;sh o Tjqka i;= úh' iïuql idlépdj mj;ajd udi 3 l ld,isudjla we;=<; ;u iïuql idlépdj wj,x.= lsífï wjia:dj o Tjqkag ;snqks' tu ld,isudj we;=<; iïuql idlépdjg iynd.s jq fofofkl= úiska Tjqkaf.a iïuql idlépdjka wj,x.= lr.kakd, ' ^thg fya;= i ykafldg fkdue;'& ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj m%pkav;ajh iïnkaofhka flfrk fuu m¾fhaik lghq;a;g ;uka iqÿiq mqoa.,hl= fkdfõ hehs iuyr ms<s;=re fokakka lshd isáh o",sx.sl keuqrej fya;=fjka Tjqka m%pkav;ajh w;aú we;s nj iïuql idlépdfõ fy<sorõ úh' ;jo" ie,lsh hq;= ixlhdjlg ;ukaf.a foudmshka fyda mjqf,a idudðlhska ksid Ñ;a;fõ.sl iy udkisl$m%pkav;ajhg uqyqk ug Tjqkag isÿjqj o" fuf,i yeisfrk ;u mjq,aj, idudðlhska zzwmrdolrejkazz f,ig y kajd ug o Tjqyq wlue;s jqy' m¾fhailhska fofofkl= úiska lrk,o" Wkkaÿjk md¾yjhka i yd jq iïuql idlépd fndfyda wnsfhda.d;aul úh' iu,sx.slhskag úreoao fyda iïuql idlépdjg iynd.sùug wlue;s mqoa.,hskaf.a mq¾j úksyaphkag,laùug m¾fhailhska fofokdgu isÿúh' Wkkaÿjla olajk md¾yjhka iu. iïuql idlépd mj;ajkafka ljqreka o hkak ;SrKh lsífï ^Tjqkaf.a wdl,am ms<sn j fkd±k isàu fya;=fjka& Wml%uYS,S wkaoñka ndysr fmkqfuka ia;s%-mqrei iudcndjh fyda,sx.sl;ajh ms<sn j l=;=y,hla we;s fkdjk mqoa.,hska wm úiska m¾fhailhska f,ig f;dard.kakd, ' fuu Wml%uh flfia jqj;a" Wkkaÿjla olajk md¾yjhka iu`. iïuql idlépd meje;aùfï my; ±lafjk kqiqÿiq m%yak Tjqka fofokd fj;u bèßm;aù ;snqks' 15

17 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj Tng fldmuk i,a,s,efnkjd fuu m¾fhaikh i yd Tng fldmuk f.jkjd o@zz zzfuu m¾fhaikhg uqo,a fokafka fudk rg o@zz zzthdg È. fldkavhla ;sfhkafka wehs@zz zzthdg fmïjf;la bkakjd o@ iïuql idlépd meje;a jq fuu m¾fhailhska fofokdg Tjqkaf.a w;a±lsï igyka lrk f,ig Wmfoia fok, ' Wkkaÿjk md¾yjhkaf.a wdl,am ms<sn j meyeè,s msx;+rhla,nd u i yd Tjqka úiska igyka lr.kakd,o w;a±lsï lsysmhla fufia Wmqgd oelaúh yel' Wkkaÿjla olajk md¾yjh( ks;s{hd m¾fhailhdf.a ia:dkh ( kd.ßl m%foayhla zzfuu m¾fhaikfha ku ±k.;a miq Tyq b;du wiykhg m;aúh' Tyqf.a ku iy wxlh uu,nd.;af;a flfia o hkak Tyqg ±k.eksug wjyh úh' Tyq má.; lsíug wlue;s nj lshd isáfha h' ug fmïjf;la isà±hs Tyq uf.ka úuik,o w;r" uu ke; hehs ms<s;=re ÿkafka h' th mqÿuhla fkdfõ hehs Tyq mejiqfõh' tu.ska Tyq woyia lrk,oafoa fujeks wkaofï m¾fhaikj, ;jÿrg;a fh isáhfyd;a" fmïj;l= fidhd.eksug ug wmyiqjk nj h' iu,sx.sl;ajh wm iudcfha jika ù ;sfnkakla nj;a" wm l=kq wjqiaid ;j;a m%yak we;slr.; yels nj ;jÿrg;a Tyq lshd isáfhah' Èlalidoùfï kvq úyd, m%udkhl iajdñmqreihd iu,sx.sl mqreihl=ùu olakg,enqk nj lshd isá Tyq wjidkfha iïuql idlépdjla,nd ug leu;s jq kuq;a Tyqf.a u;hka iy wdl,am iïuql idlépdfjka msg mejisug Tyqg wjyh úh' 16

18 Wkkaÿjla olajk md¾yjh ( ffjoh ks,odßjrhd m¾fhailhdf.a ia:dkh (.%dóh m%foayhla Èia;%sla ffjoh ks,odßjrhd úiska ud yg fodia mjrk, ' ta úfyaifhkau Tyq uf.a iylrejdf.a ñ;=frl= jq neúks' Tyqf.a ñ;=rdf.a iyldßh fujeks m¾fhaikhla lsíu ms<sn j Tyq lk.dgqj m< lrkq,enqfõh' fujeks m¾fhaik fuf,i wmf.a.ïudkj,g f.k tau ngysr ixiald;sh.ug f.k taula nj;a th wmf.a ixiald;sh úkdy lrk nj;a Tyq jeäÿrg;a lshd isáfha h' ud fuhg ms<s;=re ÿkafka fuh ^iu,sx.sl;ajh& rc iufha mgka meje;s bmerks b;sydihla iys; idudkh fohla nj mejisfuks' túg Tyqf.a ms<s;=r jqfha tu hq.fha ud Ôj;aj fkdisá neúka ud ta iïnkaofhka yßhgu fkdokakd njhs'zz ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj Wkkaÿjla olajk md¾yjh( ffjohjrhd m¾fhailhdf.a ia:dkh(.%dóh m%foayhla zziu,sx.sl;ajhg leue;a;la olajk <uqka" Tjqkaf.a foudmshka iy.=rejreka úiska WmfoaYkh i yd Tyq fj; tjk nj ffjohjrhd lshd isáfha h' WmfoaYkh u.ska Tjqka ksjerè u.g.; yels nj Tyqf.a woyi úh' fuu ffjohjrhd khdhd;aul jyfhka iu,sx.sl;ajhg tlõ;djhla ±lajqj o ta i yd iyfhda.h m< lsíug wlue;s úh'zz 17

19 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj [ # 03 mdßndis; fhÿï ] mdßndis; fhÿïj,g wod, m%yak ms<sn j idlépd lsífï " zz,sx.sl keuqrejzz" zzia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djhzz" zzia;s%- mqrei iudcndjh u; ;SrKh jk w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykhzz hk mo iajndidfjka ^isxy, iy fou<& Ndú;d lsíu wnsfhda.d;aul úh' WodyrKhla f,ig" zzheteronormativezz hk mofha isxy, f;areu jdlhhlska úia;rjk w;r" ^Wod(- úiu,sx.sl iïu;h& ta i yd ;ks mohla ke;' óg iudk jyfhka" Sexual OrientationZZ úia;r lsíug wm úiska fhdod.kakd,o isxy, moh z,sx.sl keuqrejz hkakhs' flfia fj;;a iïuql idlépd meje;aùfï fuu moh Ndú;d lsíu w;yeíug isÿjqfha ms<s;=re imhkakka fuys f;areu ms<sn j fkd±k isàu fya;=fjks' úêu;a jd.a ud,djla Ndú;d fkdlr ms<s;=re imhkakka,sx.sl iy Ndjuh iïnkao;d meje;aùug leue;a;la olajkafka.eyekq" msßñ fydaa fof.d,a,ka iuõ o hkak weisu jvd;a m%fhdackj;a úh' Gender Indentity hk fhÿfuys isxy, mßj¾;kh zzia;s% -mqrei iudcndjh u; mokï jq wkkh;djhzzhkakhs' iïuql idlépdj, fuu úêu;a fhÿu" isxy, idudkh jhydr NdIdj iuõ iumd; fkdjqkq w;r" tys f;areu ú.%y fkdlr tu moh Ndú;d lsíug fkdyels úh' fï ms<sn j meyeè,s lsíu i yd iuyr m¾fhailhska" ;uka u WodyrKhlg f.k ;ud ldka;d fkdjk$msßñ we ï we ug leu;s.eyekq <uhl= f,i olskafka o hkdè jyfhka ms<s;=re fokakkaf.ka úuid isák, ' YS%,xldj iïnkaofhka fukau" ngysr fkdjk ikao¾nhl úiu,sx.sl iïu;hg mgyeks,sx.sl iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh ms<sn lrekqq fiùu wnsfhda.hla 18

20 úh' g%dkaia mqoa.,hskaf.a wkkh;djh iïnkao.eg fuhg fyd u WodyrKhls' ngysr ikao¾nhl zg%dkaia mqoa.,hl= hkq Wm;ska ia;s%,sx.h ysñlr.;a" tfy;a mqreihl= f,i ;u ia;s%- mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh" w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh y kd.kakd mqoa.,hl=gh Y,Hl¾uhla isÿlrf.k$ isÿlrfkdf.k Tyq mqreihl= f,i ;u wkkh;djh mj;ajdf.k hhs' flfia kuq;a" YS%,xldfõ mqreihska f,ig fjiaj,d.;a 6 ia;%ska ms<sn mqj;am;a jd¾;d ;snqk o tu isÿùïj, ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh g%dkaia mqoa.,hskaf.a wkkh;djh fuka meyeè,s o hkak mejisug wmyiq h' WodyrKhla f,ig" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu jd¾;dlr we;s iuyr jd¾;djkag wkqj Tyq$weh msßñhl= f,ig fmks isg we;af;a tèfkod Ôú;fha ia;%ska uqyqkfok,sx.sl w;jrj,ska ñ isàu i yd h' fuu ;;a;ajh ;j;a ixls¾k jkafka Tjqka tèfkod Ôú;h mj;ajdf.k hdu i yd tfia Ôj;ajk w;r" Wm;ska ia;%shl ùu iïnkaofhka wik m%yak ksid Tjqka wjodkug,laùug we;s bvlv jeäh' flfia fj;;a" miq.sh wjqreÿ lsysmhl ld,hla ;=< úfyaifhka u ffjoh jd;a;slhska w;r" ixl%dka;s,sx.sl m%yak iïnkaofhka we;s ±kqj;andjh jeä ù we;' 7 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj [ 6',xld m n,kak zmsßñ <uhl= wjqreÿ 18 isg.eyekq <uhl= fia fjiaj,df.kz" 2010 wf.daia;= 31,xld m" zhqo yuqod ks,odßfhl= fia fjiaj,d.;a ldka;djla ÿrl;k weu;=ula ksid we;sjq fm%au iïnkaohlska miqj ldka;djla iu. újdy fjhs" 2010 wf.daia;= 23 Èjhsk" zfl,af,da" fld fl,a,ka f,ig fjiaj,df.k" 2009 uehs 17,xld m" zwjqreÿ 20la msßñhl= fia fjiaj,d.;a mqoa.,hl= fmd,sisfha ldka;djl fjhsz" 2009 ckjdß 3,xld m" zmsßñfhl= fia fjiaj,d.;a 16 yeúßè wysl=kaál ;reksh ñksuereulg ielmsg w;awvx.=jgz 2005 uehs 11,xld m zouq,a, mkaif,a msßñ <uhd.eyekq <uhl= fjhsz" 2004 ud¾;= 10,xld m" zhqo yuqod ks,odßkshl f,i fjiaj,d.;a hqo yuqod ks,odßhdg fydr ye`ÿkqïm;la u iïnkaofhka fldia;dm,ajßh w;awvx.=jgz 2003 ckjdß 18 bßod,xld m" z.eyekq fjia.;a msßñhl= iïnkao isoaêhlaz 2003 cq,s 20' b Wm.%ka:h n,kak' ] 7' fuu wohhkh u.ska biau;= lrk,o m%pkav;ajh iy fjkiafldg ie,lsï ms<sn f;dr;=rej,g ms<shula jyfhka" m%;sm;a;s iïmdolhskag" rcfha wdh;kj,g" wohdmksl wdh;k" fm!oa.,sl wxyhg" isú,a iudchg iy wfkl=;a wod< md¾yjhkag,nd u i yd my; i yka ks¾foay y kd.kakd, ' 19

21 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj [ # 04 iïuql idlépdjg NdckhjQ mqoa.,hska ms<sn f;dr;=re ],sx.sl keuqrej ( ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu u.sska LBT mqoa.,hska iuõ mj;ajk,o iïuql idlépd 33 ka mqoa.,hska 22 la ;uka iu,sx.sl ia;s%hla hehs y kdf.k isá w;r" oaú,sx.sl ldka;djka fofofkl= iy ;ud úiu,sx.sl mqoa.,hl= f,ig is;d isá tla mqoa.,fhla o úh' b;sß iïuql idlépdlrejka wgfokd Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl keuqrej" mqrei iu,sx.sl" ;ukaf.a,sx.sl;ajh m%yak lrk" nuir rlsk fyda iy;sl fkdjk msßila úh' iuyr msßila Tjqka zldka;djkag leu;shsz hkak mukla lsug leue;s jq w;r" ;j;a iuyre Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl keuqrej ms<sn j wjodrkh lrk, ' ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh fyda ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh ( ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh hk mokug wkqj" iïuql idlépdjg uqyqk ÿka mqoa.,fhdaa fofofkl= ;uka msßñka f,ig ye kajqy' ;sfofkl= úiska Tjqka msßñ fyda.eyekq f,ig y kajkq fkd,enq w;r" Tjqka zueo isákz mqoa.,hska f,iska ye kaùug ms%hlrk, ' 15 fofkl= úiska ;uka ia;%s.;s,laik (femme) j,ska hq;a ldka;djka f,iska ;uka úiskau y kajk, ' óg wu;rj 13 fofkl= ia;%ska f,i ;uka ye`èkajqj;a Tjqka msßñ.;s,laik ^butch) we;s wh f,iska ;uka úiskau y`ÿkajd fok, ' jhi ( iïuql idlépdlrejkaf.ka 14 fofkl= jhi wjqreÿ ;a w;r jhia ldkavhg wh;a jqfjda fj;s' 12 fofkl= jhi wjq' ;a w;r úh' 7 fofkl= wjq' 40 g jvd jeä whj ka jqy' 20

22 ckj¾.h ( ckj¾. moku wkqj.;al, fuu kshe`èhg f;dard.kakd,o mqoa.,hska w;r isxy, ^19& ñy% j¾.j,g wh;a mqoa.,hska 9 fofkl=" ^isxy,$n¾.¾ fyda isxy,$fou<& n¾.¾ f,ig ;uka y kd.;a mqoa.,hska 3 fofkl= iy fou< cd;sl mqoa.,hska fofofkl= o úh' jeä m%h;akhla ±rejo fou< NdIdfjka lrk,o iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq ixlhdj b;du wvq w.hla.kq,eîh' úyajdih ( iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq msßfika wvlg jvd jeä msßila ^16& fn!oao mjq,a ys Wm;,nd we;s uq;a" uq kshe`èfhka u fn!oaod.u woykq,nkafka 10 fofkl= muks' thg iudk f,i iïuql idlépdjg NdckhjQ msßfika 13 fofkl= ls%ia;shdks mjq,aj, Wm;,nd we;s w;r fuhska 8 fofkl= mukla wd.u woykq,nkafkda jqy' wfkl=;a msßi w;r yskaÿ" wfoajjd " wf{hjd (agnostics) fyda lsisÿ wd.ula úyajdi fkdlrkafkda jqy' uqia,sï cd;sl mqoa.,hska iïnkaolr.eksug W;aidyhla ±rej o th wid¾:l úh' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj wohdmkh ( iïuql idlépdjg NdckhjQ msßfika 14 fofkl= ;D;Sl wohdmkh wjika lrk,oafoda jq w;r 8 fofkl= Wmdêh o 11 fofkl= myapd;a Wmdê iqÿiqlï o,nd ;snqks' /lshdj ( iïuql idlépdjg NdckhjQ mqoa.,hska 33 fokdf.ka 30 fofkl=u úêu;a fcia;%hka ys /lshd lrkafkda h' udisl wdodhu wkqj" iïuql idlépdjkag n ka jq 4 fofkl= udislj remsh,a 27"500 g wvq wdodhula Wmhkakka jq w;r 9 fofkl= udislj remsh,a 27"500-45"000 w;r o" 7 fofkl= udislj 45"000-91"000 g w;r iy 8 fofkl= udislj 91"000 g jgd jeä wdodhï,enqfjda o jqy' iïuql idlépdjg NdckhjQ fofofkl=g iaòr wdodhula fkd;snqks' Wkkaÿj olajk md¾yjhka iuõ iïuql idlépd ( Wkkaÿj olajk md¾yjhka iuõ meje;a jq iïuql idlépd 51 ka 7 la isÿlrk,oafoa rcfha wdh;khka ys jevlrk mqoa.,hska iuõ jk w;r fuhska 11 fofkla udkj ysñlï fjkqfjka ls%hdlrkafkda o ^ks;s{hska iy ia;%s% whs;sjdislï ms<sn ls%hdldíka we;= j& 7 fofkl= fiajd imhkafkda o ^udkisl fi!lh iy ffjoh jd;a;slhka we;= j& 26 fofkl= 21

23 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj fiajdodhlfhda o udoh" wd.ñl iy wohdmk wdh;k ksfhdackh lrkafkda o jqy' ld,h ms<sn j meje;s ndol fya;=fjka ish u Wkkaÿ md¾yjhka iuõ meje;s iïuql idlépdj,ska úyaf,aikh lrk,oafoa" 30]l m%udkhla mukls' ^Wod( Wkkaÿ md¾yjhka iuõ meje;a jq iïuql idlépd 16 la& fuu isudlrkh" fuys tk fjk;a ks.ukj,g n,me yel' flfia kuq;a" fï i yd Tjqka f;dard.eksfï Wkkaÿ md¾yjhkaf.a yrialvla yiqlr.eksug yelsjk f,ig wju jyfhka tla fcia;%hlska tla wfhl=j;a ksfhdackh jk mßè ^Wod( wohdmkfõ ka" fiajdodhlhska" udoh" wd.ñl& fuh ie,iqï lrk, ' ish u iïuql idlépd isxy, iy bx.s%is NdIdfjka mj;ajk,o w;r" fou< cd;slfhda bx.s%is niska l;d lsíug leue;a;la ±lajqy',xldfõ iu,sx.sl;ajh iïnkaoj we;s ñ;hd u; iy >DKd;aul iudc wdl,am ms<sn j b;d meyeè,s Ñ;%hla Wkkaÿ md¾yjhkaf.a iïuql idlépd u.ska,enqkq w;r" tu.ska WoafoaYk Wmdh ud¾. iy fiajd jeäèhqkq lsíu i yd wjyhjk M,odhS odiaáhla o,enqfka h' iu,sx.sl;ajh" <ud lduh ^peadophillia& iu. iïnkao lsíu" f;dard.kq,enq Wkkaÿj olajk md¾yjhkaf.ka,enqkq iq,n ms<s;=rla jq w;r" fujeks úyajdi u.ska jd;a;shuh mqyqkqj W,a,x>Kh jq wjia:d o yuqjqy' ffjoh,larejka kï jq ffjoh jd;a;slhd iu,sx.sl mqoa.,hl=g Tyq ljqo lshd y kajd fokak neß ^Tyqg" Tyqf.a,sx.sl;ajh ms<snoj újd; fjkak neye'& Tyqj tu.ska ms<sl=,lg,lajk ksid hs' fï ish foaj,a fjkafka ryfia''' ^tys m%;sm,hla jyfhka& Tjqka ^mqrei iu,sx.slhska& l=vd <uqka miqmi o hkjd hehs mejiqfõh' 8 ;j;a iq,n m%;spdrhla jqfha" iu,sx.sl;ajh" té'whs'ù'$taâia$ iudc frda. wèh iu. iïnkao lsíuh' foúhka jykafia ishhg ishhlau ikd: lr,d ;sfhkjd.eyekq iy msßñ w;r" fujeks fohla ;sfnkjd kï'''' fidhd.eksug fkdyels" fnfy;a ke;s f,v me;sfrkjd lsh,d' l=rdkhg wkqj" tjeks foaj,a ms<s.kak wh uefrkafka kskaod iy.;j iy wmjdo [ ] 8' ffjoh,larejka iu. mej;s iïuql idlépdj" ffjoh jd;a;slhd" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2011 wf.daia;= 13' 22

24 ú,d hehs fudfyduâ kï uqia,sï uõ,ú;=ful= ^bia,dï wd.ñl kdhlhl=& úiska mjik, ' 9 iu,sx.sl;ajh iqÿiq fohla fkdjk nj;a" th rfü ixiald;sh iy wd.ñl ixfõ ;djhg úreoaoj.uka lrk nj;a" ;=kajk m%;spdrh úh' ueksld kï úÿy,am;skshg wkqj ^isxy, iy fou< hk ixiald;ska iy wd.ï folu iïnkaoj& hehs mejish' 10 LBT mqoa.,hska l=uk fyda wdldrhg,sx.sl fyda udkisl wdndohla we;s mqoa.,hska f,ig iy idudkh Ôú;hla.;lsÍug neß mqoa.,hska" Tjqkag fjk;a úl,amhla fkdue;s ksid Tjqka iu,sx.slhska f,ig yeisfrkjd 11 hehs olskafka h' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj flfia kuq;a" fuu wjfndaoh mokï lr.eksug m%odk ixiald;sl u;jdo j,ska Wmqgd.; yels foa m%udkfhka b;du w,amh' WodyrK jyfhka" YS%,dxlslhska nyq;rhla wkq.ukh lrk rfü rdch wd.u jk fn!oaod.fï nqÿka úiska iu,sx.sl;ajhg úreoaoj foaykd lrk,oa±hs i yka lsíu jd¾;djk f,alk yuq fkdfõ 12 lshd isáhy' úkh msglfha i yka jk mßè" NslaIQka iy NslaIqKSkag ;ukaf.a YÍrfha wjhj iy,sx.sl wjhj iam¾y lsíug wjir ke;s w;r" tys iu,sx.sl iy úiu,sx.sl ls%hd hkqfjka fjkila o ke;' ;jo tu ;yku we;af;a Ydikhg we;= ù tu YsCId moh iudoka jqjkag muks' [ 9' fudfyduâ iu. iïuql idlépdj" uqia,sï uõ,ú" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2011 wf.daia;= 01' 10' ueksfla iu. meje;s iïuql idlépdj" úÿy,am;sks" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj cqks 16' 11' iqo;a iu. meje;s iïuql idlépdj" udoh wdh;khla ksfhdackh lrkafkls" ] ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj 2011 wf.daia;= 9' 12' fn,a,kaú, iqo;a; ysñ iy fiis,a fêvka' Bellanvila Sudaththa Thero and Cecil J. Dunne, 23

25 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj [ # 05 YS%,xldfõ udkj ysñlï ms<sn miqìu YS%,xldj jhjia:dkql+, nyq mdcisl ckrchla jk w;r 2010 ckjdß ui fojk j;djg wjqreÿ 6 la i yd f;aí m;a jq uyskao rdcmci ckdêm;sjrhd u.ska md,kh fõ' Èjhsfka W;=re iy kef.kysr m<df;ka iajdëk rdchhla b,a,d igka jèñka isá t,a'à'à'b' ixúodkh iu. isú,a hqoaohl ksr; fjñka isá YS%,xld rch" wjqreÿ 30 lg wêl ld,hla wnhka;r hqo.egqulg uqyqk ÿkafka h' fuu hqoaoh úiska YS%,dxlslhska 70"000 lg jeä msßilf.a Ôú; wysñ lrk,o w;r" ;j;a oyia.kkla wj;eka lrk, ' uehs ui t,a'à'à'b' h mrdch ùu;a iu. hqoaoh wjika jq w;r" fou< jeisfhdaa 40"000 la muk urkhg m;ajq w;r" 60"000 g wêl fou< jeisfhdaa ixlhdjla ;=jd,,enqy' 2010 uehs ui ckdêm;sjrhd úiska m;alrk,o W.;a mdvï iy m%;sixodk fldñiu j.lsj hq;= cd;sl hdka;%khla f,ig w¾:l:kh lr we;' flfia kuq;a" W.;a mdvï iy m%;sixodk fldñiu cd;hka;r iïu;hkag wkql+, fkdfõ' ta úfyaifhka u" j.ùu iïnkaofhka jk w;r" wnhka;r.egqï meje;s iufha udkj ysñlï W,a,x>Kh ùu ms<sn j l%udkql+,j mícik meje;aùug fkdyels jq ksid udkj ysñlï iïnkaofhka ls%hdlrk cd;hka;r iy wka;¾ wdkavq ixúodk úiska th b;du fodai iy.; fldñiula f,ig y kajkq,nhs' 14 fmdÿfõ isÿ jq udkj ysñlï W,a,x>Khka ms<sn j lghq;= lsíug foaymd,k wnsu;h fkdue;sùu W.;a mdvï iy m%;sixodk fldñifï wid¾:lndjh olajk lrekls' ] [ n,kak Session22/A-HRC-22-38_en.pdf and n,kak. ] 24

26 hqoaohg miq" ia;%ska we;= ish ckhdf.a wkkh;djhkag iy whs;skag.re lrk" tu whs;ska ms<s.kakd iduldó iy hqla;s iy.; iudchla f.dvke.sfï wnsfhdaa.hg ;ju;a rg uqyqk foñka isà' isú,a ck;dj" udkj ysñlï iqrlskakka" udohfõ ka iy foaymd,k pß;j,g tfrysj isÿ jq udkj ysñlï W,a,x>Kh ùï - ks;s úfrdaë >d;k" w;=reoykaùï" w;a;fkdau;sl r jd ;eîï" jo ï iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndjh u; mokï jq m%pkav;ajh ms<sn jd¾;d ù we;' tjeks udkj ysñlï W,a,x>Khka" wdrcil wxy iy rchg iydh imhk wdhqo ikakoao lkavdhïj,g wdfrdamkhlr we;s w;r" ;ju;a jd¾;d fjñka mj;s' 15 úfyaifhka u" rcfha ks,odíka fpdaokd,enq wjia:djkays fpdaokd,enqjkaf.a ixlhdj b;du wvq w;r jrolrejka jq ixlhdj Bg;a jvd wvq w.hla olajhs' iuia;hla jyfhka.;a l< rg uqyqkmdk ÿ¾úmdl fuu.ska ±lafjk w;r tajd kvq únd.hg fmr lrk ¾> r jd ;eîï" idodrk kvq únd.hla lsíug bv fkd u" wêlrkfha iajdëk;ajh msßysu" hqo wmrdo iïnkaofhka lsisÿ iïnkaohla fkdue;s jqj;a widodrk f,i rojd ;nd.eksu" ks;suh ls%hdud¾. ms<sn j mßmd,khla fkdue;sùu iy foaymd,k wnsu;hla fkdue;sùu hkd lrekq u.ska fuh úohdudk fõ' NdIKhg we;s ksoyi" /iaùug we;s ksoyi" wdy%h lsíug iy.uka lsíug we;s ksoyi we;= uq,sl udkj ysñlïj,g ndod muqkqjd we;s wdldrh jd¾;d u.ska fmkajd fokq,efí' 16 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj iuia;hla jyfhka.;al<" úmcij olajk,o keu woyilg rch u.ska olajk m%;spdrh ks.%y iq fyda fkdms<s.kakd iajremhla.kq,efí' WodyrKhla f,ig" 2011 j¾ifha iy Bg miqj" tlai;a cd;skaf.a udkj ysñlï ljqkais,fha YS%,xldj ms<sn j tlai;a cd;skaf.aa udkj ysñlï iïuq;shg wod, jd¾;dj 2012 ud¾;= ui idlépdjg [ 15. US Department of State (2011) Human Rights Report, Sri Lanka [online] Available from: wefußldkq rdch fomd¾;fïka;=j ^2011& udkj ysñlï jd¾;dj" YS%,xldj ^wka;¾cd,h& ] n,kak ^msúiqk Èkh 2012 Tlaf;dan¾ 11& Session22/A-HRC-22-38_en.pdf n,kak 25

27 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj.ekSug kshñ; jq wjia:dfõ " YS%,dxlsl udkj ysñlï iqrlskakkag fkdkj;ajd ;¾ck t,a, jq w;r ±ä msvdjka o w;aú kakg isÿúh' 17 fndfyda wjia:dj, rch úfõpkh lrkakka" udohfõ ka iy udkj ysñlï iqrlskakka zzfldázz ^t,a'à'à'b' hg iyfhda.h olajk nj& ;%ia;jd ka" fnÿïjd kaa iy mdjd fokakka f,ig f,an,a lrkq,efí' udkj ysñlï iqrlskakkaf.a ld¾hhkaj,g fuu m%;spdr b;d ;Èka n,mefõh' Tjqkag" Tjqkaf.a ls%hdldrlï rch zzixfõ ZZ f,ig fkdolsk ls%hdldrlïj,g mukla isud lsíug n,lrk, ' 18 b;d mq,a mrdihl me;sr we;s udkj ysñlï ms<sn m%yak iïnkaofhka udohfõ kag jdrkhlg uqyqk ug isÿjk w;r fndfydaúg Ôú; ;¾ck iys; wjodkï ;;a;ajhkaj,g o uqyqk ug isÿfõ' 19 r jd.eksï iïnkaofhka.;a l< fou< cd;sl mqoa.,hska b;d úyd, ixlhdjla Tjqkag tfrysj we;s fpdaokdj,g úêu;a mshjr fkdf.k ßudkaâ Ndrfha r jd we;' óg wu;rj" wod, n,odíka úiska f;dr;=re,nd fkdue;s ksid ckj¾. iïnkaofhka we;s o;a;hkaf.a wvqjla mj;sk w;r rdch fkdjk ixúodkj,g,ndèh yelafla wkqudk lrk,o o;a; mukls' '''fn!oao NslaIQka lkavdhula fufyhjk wkh wd.ï fkdbjisfï wka;jd ls%hdjka me;srhdu b;du ixfõokd;aul j¾okhla ù we;' 20 [ 17' iqks,d wfífialr' ksu,ald m%kdkaÿ" mdlhfida;s i¾jkuq;a;= hk whf.a taldnoao ksfõokh" 2012 ud¾;= 23" fld<u" YS%,xldj n,kak' wka;¾cd,fha 18' WodyrKhla f,ig" hqoaohg iïnkao hï lrekla fyda fou< cd;slhkag úreoao myapd;a hqo iuh ;=< jq udkj ysñlï W,a,x>Khka iïnkao lrekq rch úiska zzixfõ ZZ m%yak hehs i,lkq,efí' 19' wo fork ^i;h m%:ufhka& 2012 ud¾;= ^wka;¾cd,h& lk/news.php?nid=17473&mode=beauti ^msúiqk Èkh 2012 iema;eïn¾ 25& ] 20' jeä úia;r i yd ( n,kak' and org/2013/03/19/bodu-bala-sena-a-threat-to-sri-lankas-future/ and lankastandard.com/2013/01/the-muslims-are-the-new-tamils/ 26

28 uyckhdf.a ukfiys ufkdauh ìhla cks; lsíug iy uqia,sï cd;slhska fkdbjisu ms<sn j fuu lkavdhfï f;dr;=re me;srùug kj udoh l%u jk zgqúg¾z iy zf*aianqlaz fhdod.kq,nhs' 2011 wjika jrg mj;ajk,o ix.kkh u.ska uqia,sï cd;slhskaf.a Wm;a ixlhdfõ lemsfmfkk j¾okhla we;s nj;a" ta ms<sn j ls%hd l<hq;= hehs nyq;rhla fokd wkqudk lrk lrekls' Tjqkaf.a ls%hdldrlïj,g úyd, jyfhka b,lal ù we;af;a iq cd;slhka iy iq wd.ï jqjo rch u.ska m;=rejkq,nk isxy, fn!oao ixl,amhg iydh fï ;;a;ajh Tjqyq m%fhdackhg.;af;da h' Tjqka uqia,sï cd;slhskag tfrysj" oafõy iy.; f,i isxy, cd;sh jhdma; lsíug.kakd W;aidyhkays isxy, mqreihl=g ia;%ska miafofkl= iu. újdyùug wjir fok f,ig YS%,xldfõ ks;sh fjkia úh hq;=hehs b,a,d we;' 21 uqia,sï cd;slhska" isxy, cd;slhska wnsnjd hkq we;ehs is;k fuu ufkda-úldruh ìh ;;a;ajh ksid iajleue;af;ka iy iaór mjq,a ie,iqï l%u" ffjohuh fya;=jla yerekqfldg k;r lrk f,ig rcfha frday,aj,g ksfõokhla ksl=;a lsíu olajd j¾okh ù we;' Wm;a md,kh",sx.sl fi!lh iy mjq,a ie,iqïlrkh iïnkaofhka jevlrk rdch fkdjk ixúodkj,g tu fcia;%h ;=< l%shd;aul ùu kj;ajk f,ig rch Wmfoia we;ehs jd¾;d ù we;' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj wdkavql%u jhjia:dfõ 18 jk ixfydaokfha wvx.= j.ka;shla u.ska fmd,sia fldñiu' udkj ysñlï fldñiu iy wêlrkfha iajdëk;ajh wk;=reodhl ;;a;ajhlg m;alrk,o w;r tu.ska" fuu rcfha wdh;k i yd mqoa.,hska m;alsífï n,h ckdêm;sjrhd fj;,enqks' ta isÿ jqfõ flfiao h;a fuhg fmr jhjia:dfõ 17 jk ixfydaokfhka ^mkf;ys 2 jk j.ka;sh& lshd isáfha udkj ysñlï fldñiug idudðlhka m;alrkq,nkafka jhjia:dodhl ks¾foayh u; ckdêm;sjrhd úiska njhs' 2010 iema;eïn¾ 9 jk Èk isg n,.kajk,o 18 jk jhjia:d ixfydaokfhka msysgqjkq,enq md¾,sfïka;= WmfoaYl indj" w.ue;s" l;dkdhl" úmci kdhl" w.ue;s úiska kï lrk,o md¾,sfïka;=fõ uka;s%jrhl= [ ] 21' jeä úia;r i yd ( n,kak' 27

29 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj iy úmci kdhl úiska kïlrk,o md¾,sfïka;=fõ uka;ss%jrfhl=f.ka iukaú; h' fuys udkj ysñlï flñiug mqoa.,hka m;a lsífï ckdêm;sjrhdg we;af;a zzmd¾,sfïka;= WmfoaYl indfõ ks¾foay ms<sn j i,ld ne,sugzz ^wkque;sh.eksug fkdj& muks' iuia;hla jyfhka fuu ÿ¾úmdlhka ys ;;a;ajh iy wêlrkfha iajdëk;ajh fkdue;s ùu iu,sx.sl" LBT mqoa.,hska iy iuia;hla jyfhka iq ;r,sx.sl m%cdj ;j ;j;a wirk iy wodyhudk lrjkakls' Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl;ajh" fjk;a wjdis iy.; idudðl;ajh iu. wka;¾ fþokh ùu;a iu. Tjqkaf.a wirkndjh iy wodyhudk ;;a;ajh ;j;a jeä fõ' WodyrKhla jyfhka LBT whs;ska fjkqfjka jevlrk ixúodk w;ßka fou< cd;shg wh;a LBT mqoa.,hskaf.a idudðl;ajh wvq nj jd¾;d lrkq,efí' fláfhka lshf;d;a" rg uqyqkfok udkj ysñlï w¾nqoh úiska ixls¾k jd;djrkhla ks¾udkh ù we;s neúka iq ;r,sx.sl m%cdjg Tjqkaf.a whs;sjdislï,nd.eksu i yd jev lsíu jvd;a wmyiq ù we;' 22 22' wfkl=;a ol=kq wdishd;sl rgj,aj, fuka YS%,xldfõ foaymd,lhka iy wfkl=;a m%isoao mqoa.,hska" jeäysáhkaf.a leue;a; we;sj fm!oa.,sl mßirhl isÿjk,sx.sl ls%hdldrlï wmrdohla f,ig fmkaùu ;jÿrg;a idodrkslrkh lsíu i yd iu,sx.sl iïnkao;d ngysr ixl,amhla f,ig i,ld neyer lrkq,efí' WodyrKhla f,ig 2003 wf.daia;= ui YS%,xld rch wdishdkq *eismsla l,dmfha taâia ms<sn cd;hka;r iuq fõ i;aldrlhd úh' fuu jevigyk i yd i;aldrl rgùug.kakd,o uq,sl;ajhg wu;rj fuys,sx.sl;ajh",sx.sl fi!lh iy iq ;r,sx.sl m%cdjf.a whs;sjdislï ms<sn ieisjdr fndfyduhla mj;ajk, ' iuq j wjidkfha fuu iuq fõ jd¾;dlrejd úiska iynd.sjkakkag,nd.eksug fldkavï fkdue;sùu ms<sn j k.k,o m%yakhlg ms<s;=re jyfhka" fi!lh weu;sjrhd úiska fok,o ms<s;=r jqfha zzuu leue;s keye" ñksiaiq ys;kjdg uu fï ish fokdu fuys f.kdfõ,xldfõ iu,sx.sl;ajh iy ia;%s% iu,sx.sl;ajh m%j¾okh lsíug hs lsh,d' YS%,xldfõ,iaik.eyeKq iy lvjiï msßñ ke;rï bkakjd' ol=kq wdishd;sl ñksiaiq ;ks,sx.sl iylrefjl= iu. fyd,sx.sl yeisíul fhfokjd' ngysr f,dalfha ckhd le,ej, Ôj;ajk ldf,a wms YsIag iïmkak Ôú;hla.; l<d'zz m%kdkaÿ weï' ^2008& Vagrant Voice" Himal South Asia" 21 fj u ^3& n,kak' ^wka;¾cd,h& himalmag.com/vagrant-voices_nw2138.html [ ] 28

30 [# 06 rdch fkdjk md¾yjhkaf.ka isÿjk ysxikh iy fjkiafldg ie,lsu ] ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj a. Ñ;a;fõ.sl 23 ysxikh - imotional violance 24 fuu m¾fhaik i yd iïuql idlécdjg n ka jq ish u LBT mqoa.,hska ú;a;fõ.sl ysxikh w;aú we;' fuys ye kaùfï i yka lrk,o mßè" iyk,nd.; yels ud¾. fkdue;s ksid LBT mqoa.,hskag fuu ysxikh jvd;a m%n, f,ig w;aú ug isÿfõ',dxlsl iïm%odhg wkqj újdy ùug fmr ;uqkaf.a mjqf,a wh iu. Ôj;aùfï m%jk;djh ^iuyr wjia:dj, újdyfhka miq o& ±kgu;a Ñ;a;fõ.sl ysxikh w;aú k LBT mqoa.,hskaf.a msvkh jeä lsíug fya;=jla úh yelsh' tuksid Tjqka f.oßka msgj hdug zfya;=jlaz f,ig /lshdj fyda wohdmkh fhdod.eksu widudkh fkdfõ' ^fï ms<sn j jeä úia;r ±k.eksu i yd zls%hdldí$ls%hldíkaf.a ms<s;=rez fldgi n,kak'& [ 23' Ñs;a;fõ.sl hkq # nh" ;ry" fldamh fyda i;=g hkd ye.sï m%ldy lrk wdldrh hs' 24' Ñ;a;fõ.sl ysxikh hkq ( fndfydaúg udkisl iy YdÍßl wmfhdackh iu. ñy%j Ndú;d jk mohls' iïuql idlépdjkag n ka jq we;eï msßia ;u wohd;auhg fyda wnsu;hg we;sjk ysxikhla f,i th ye kaùu ms%h lrhs' fuys jeo.;a jkafka w;aÿgq p¾hdj fyda ls%hdj ;udg Ñ;a;fõ.slj$wOHd;añlj m%pkavldí w;a±lsula jqjd o hkakh' fuu m¾fhaikfha i ykajk Ñ;a;fõ.sl ysxikh isÿlrkq,nk p¾hd iy ls%hd kï jdñl wmpdr ^kskaod" iuép,hg,la lsíu" winh jpkfhka nek je u" my;a lsíu" wj;lafiarejg m;a lsífï m%ldyk" widudkh hehs yxjvq.eisu& ;¾ck ^;udg fyda wka whg ydks lrk njg" w;ayßk njg" neyer lrk njg" isr.; lrk njg" fjk;a whg fy,sslrk wd & md,kh lsífï ls%hdud¾. ^WodryK jyfhka mjqf,a wh$wi,ajdiska$hy jka iu. ld,h.;lsíu isud lsíu" fm!oa.,sl;ajh weysíu& ksyayío i;=relï ^WodyrK jyfhka( ks.%y lsíug jdñl fkdjk p¾hd Ndú;h" ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh iy m%ldykh fkdms<s.eksu iy$fyda m%;slafiam lsíu& w;yer ±óu ^WodyrK jyfhka ( uqo,a u" keje;aùu" udkqish iïnkao;d wjysr lsíu& h' ] 29

31 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj Ñ;a;fõ.sl ysxikh isÿùug úúo m%;sls%hd fya;= fõ' flfia kuq;a" mqoa.,hl=f.a,sx.sl keuqrej fyda ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh fyda tu mqoa.,hd úiska z;uka ms<sn j lrk fy<slsíuz ^Tyqf.a$wehf.a,sx.sl;ajh fyda ia;%s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh ms<sn fy<sslsíu ms<sn ±k.eksu iy Ñ;a;fõ.S ysxikhka isÿùu tlg ne ;sfnkakla nj fmdÿfõ olakg,enqkq idolhls' isoaëka lsmhl " iïuql idlécdjg n ka jq mqoa.,hd ia;s%hlùu iy wehf.a,sx.sl keuqrej ms<sn j wmrdolre ±kf.k isàu ysxikhg idol ù ;snqks' Ñ;a;fõ.sl ysxikh isÿlrk wmrdolrejka úúo h' fndfyda úg wmrdoh isÿlrkakd m%;spdrh ±la jq mqoa.,hdf.a mjqf,a iudðlhska fyda m%;spdr ±la jq mqoa.,hdf.a iylrejdf.a mjqf,a idudðlhska h' iuyr isoaëkaj, ysxikh isÿlrk,o wmrdolrejka jqfha fmr iylre" j¾;udk iylref.a fmr iylrejl= fyda iu jhfia ñ;=rka h' iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq mqoa.,hska iq msßila wd.ka;=lhka w;ska ysxikhg,laù fyda ysxikhg m;a lr;ehs ;¾ck t,a, ù we;s mqoa.,fhda jqy' LBT mqoa.,hska lror" kskaod" n,h iy md,kh iu. Ñ;a;fõ.sl ysxikh w;aolsk wdldrhka fndfydauhla we;' fm!oa.,sl;ajh weysíu ^y;frka ;=klg jvd jeä-m%;spdr ±la jq 33 fokdf.ka 26 fofkl= úiska jd¾;d l< mßè& jdñl fkdjk fyda ksyayío ks.%y lsíu (silence& fyda i;=relï ^wvlg jvd jeä msßila - m%;spdr ±la jq 19 fofkl= úiska jd¾;d lrk, & iy Ñ;a;fõ.sl wjuka iy.; ;¾ckhka ^Emotional blackmail) fuu ysxikfha ^wvlg jvd jeä - m%;spdr ±la jq 19 fofkl= úiska jd¾;d lr ;snqks& m%odk,cik fõ' wvlg jvd jeä msßila ^m%;spdr ±la jq 18 fofkl= úiska Tjqkaf.a ÿrl:k weu;=ï iy,sms mícidjg,lalsíu jeks iuc.; ùug we;s ndodjka Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl;ajh iel lrk wjia:djkays Tjqkag msg;g hdug bv fkd u" Tjqka miqmi 30

32 hdu iy Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl keuqrej fyda ia;s% mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh ksid ksji ;=< isrlr ;eîu jeks w;a±lsï w;aú we;s njg jd¾;d lrk, ' o< jyfhka 1$3 g ^13 fofkl= Tjqkaf.a iu,sx.sl iïnkao;djh kj;k f,ig n,lr we;s w;r" ksy~ i;=relïj,g,la jq njg úyajdi lrhs' ^WodyrK jyfhka( Tjqyq ldurfha isák úg" fkdisákjd fuka Tjqkag ie,lsu iy$fyda m%:u mqreifhka Tjqkag wduka;%kh lsíu& iu jhfia ñ;=rkaf.ka".=rejrekaf.ka" /lshd ia:dkfha mqoa.,hskaf.ka" md,ljrekaf.ka iy rcfha mqoa.,hskaf.ka jk Ñ;a;fõ.S wmfhdackhg wu;rj ;u ñ;=rkaf.ka isÿjk Wiq " úiq " jdñl ysxikh iuép,a lsíu olajd heu b;d by, w.hla olajk nj iïuql idlécdjg nÿka jq mqoa.,hskaf.ka jd¾;d úh' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj DKS, wjqreÿ 28 la jhie;s" ia;s% iu,sx.slfhl= jk w;r" fld<u k.rhg kqÿßka" wehf.a udÿ msßñ fmkque;s iyldßh iu. jdih lrhs' wd.ñl ia:dkhl wehg w;aú ug isÿ jq ks.%yhka iy Wl=iq weiaj,g,laùula ms<sn j weh wm iu. mejiqjd h' zzuu m,a,s hkjd' uu t;k ysgf.k l,amkd l<d''' okakjdfka" fï Tlafldu ñksiaiq wms Èyd n,df.k bkakjd' ta f.d,af,da fyd gu okakjd wms iu,sx.sl fcdavqjla fyda wms idudkh fkdjk wh lsh,d' ug fyd gu úyajdihs iuyr wh ys;kak we;s" zfï wh fudk tllg fuydg wdjoz lsh,dzzhehs weh mejish' 25 iïuql idlépdjg n`ÿka jq tla mqoa.,hl= wehg" wehf.a fmr iyldßhf.a uõmshkaf.ka t,a,jqk jdñl fkdjk fyda ksyayío ks.%yhla ms<sn j lshd isáhd h' 39 yeúßè pdkaoks" fld<u jdih lrk w;r weh" ;ud udÿ fmkque;s iu,sx.sl ldka;djla f,i y kajhs' wehf.a fmr iyldßhf.a foudmshka weh Tjqkaf.a ÈhKsh zkrla lrkjdz hehs is;+ nj;a wehj wodyhudk f,ig i,ld m%;spdr ±la jq nj;a lshd isáhd h' [ ] 25. DKS iu. mej;s iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2010 iema;eïn¾ 18' 31

33 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj zzfuh ug fndfyda wjia:djkaj, isÿfj,d ;shkjd''' ta fouõmshka iu. uu rd;%s leu ld,;a ;shkjd' ta;a Tjqka udj ms<s.eksu m%;sfciam l<d'zz yeúßè Oïñ" isxy, fn!oao jk w;r" fld<u k.rhg kqÿßka jdih lrhs' wehf.a,sx.sl keuqrej y kajd ug weh ksyañ; jpkhla Ndú;d lsíug wlue;sh ta fjkqjg weh zfoúèhgu isàuz g leue;s w;r wehf.a ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh zueo udjf;az ;sfnkakla f,ig ú.%y lrhs' Oïñf.a ifydaorhd weh iu,sx.sl ldka;djla hehs ±k.;a miq weh Ñ;a;fõ.d;aulj md,kh lsíug fyda lmamï.eksug ls%hd l< wdldrh ms<sn j weh mejiqjd h' zztyq ug uf.a fhfy<sh iu. ;sfnk iïnkaoh keje;a;=fõ ke;s kï thd ud;a iu. l;d lrkafka ke lsh,d;a wfma wïug fï.ek lshkjd lsh,d;a ug ;¾ckh l<dzz hehs weh ;jÿrg;a lshd isáhd h' 27 pñ,d 36 jk úfha miqjk w;r wef.a foudmshka iu. fld<u k.rhg kqÿßka jdih lrhs' weh ia;s% iu,sx.sl mqoa.,fhl= f,ig ;udj y kajd.kakd w;r" msßñ we ï we u ms%h lrhs' uj úiska wehf.a ia;%s% iu,sx.sl;ajh ziqj lsíuz i yd ufkda ffjoh jd;a;slhl= fj;g wehj /f.k.sh wdldrh ms<sn j weh i yka l<dh' zzthd lsõjd ^wïud& uf.a T j lelal=u iqjlsíug ud ffjohjrhl= <Õg?f.k hkjd lsh,d' uu ne jd fï T j lelal=u fudlla o lsh,d''' uu uql=;a lsõfõ ke' kuq;a ug miafia f;arekd thd udj wrf.k.syska ;sfhkafka ufkda ffjohjrfhl= <Õg lsh,dzz hehs weh lshd isáhd h' 28 [ 26' pdkaoks iu. meje;s iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2010 fkdjeïn¾ 17' 27' Oïñ iu. meje;s iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2011 ckjdß 19' ] 28' pñ,d iu. meje;s iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2011 wf.daia;= 08' 32

34 ' jdñl wmfhdackh (Verbal Abuse) jdñl wmfhdackh" tlmsg tl t,a, lrk wmydi u.ska my;a fldg ie,lsu iy wjuka lsífï l%u" wmydid;aul m%ldy iy oafõy iy.; l;d ny" ish jhia lkavdhïj, mqoa.,hska w;aú`èk,o fmdÿ w;a±lsula jq w;r jdñl wmrdo lrk wmrdolrejka" mjqf,a idudðlhskaf.a isg wi,ajdiska olajd;a fjkia jq w;r" LBT m%cdfõ wfkl=;a idudðlhska" fmr iylrejka" fiajdodhlhska iy wkd.; fiajdodhlhska úh' ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj l=ud" 47 yeúßè jk w;r fld<u k.rhg kqÿßka jdih lrhs' weh ia;s% iu,sx.sl mqoa.,fhl= f,iska ;ud y kajd.kakd,o w;r" msßñ we ï we ug leue;s nj mjihs' wehf.a ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh mqrei w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh fya;=fjka wehg uyd ud¾.fha w;aú ug isÿ jq jdñl ysxikhka ms<sn j weh mejiqjd h' zztl ojila uu.ekq <ufhl=f.a w;ska w,a,df.k fldgqfõ weúof.k.shd' ta we;a;gu weh uf.a hd jd ksid;a wehj fik`. w;r w;rux fjhs lshk nhg' ug weyqkd tl ;rekhl= lshkjd ztahs upx f.dvla ldf,lska uu wdmamhla 29 lefõ ke' woj;a tlla lkak mq jka fjhszz lsh,d hehs weh mejiqjd h' 30 pdkaoks iy wehf.a iyldßhg wi,ajdiska lsysmfofkl=f.ka t,a, jqkq jdñl wmfhdack isoaêhla ms<sn j weh mjid isáhd h' zzuu fï <uhd tlal hd fj,d ysáfha' uu thdf.a f.org.shd" t;fldg f.dvla? fj,d' fj,dj? 11 g fyda 12 g we;s' b;ska wms f.g we;=,a jqkd' wms f.aügqj jeyqj.ukau ;rekfhda lüáhla mdr Wv b,d weú,a,d f.aügqjg.ykak mgka.;a;d wdmam" wdmam lsh,d'zz 31 hehs lsjd h' [ 29' wdmam - ia;s% iu,sx.slhka ye kaùug wmydid;aulj Ndj;d lrkq,nk mohls' 30' l=ud iu. meje;s iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" ] 2011 uehs 10' 31' pdkaoks iu. meje;s iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2010 fkdjeïn¾ 17' 33

35 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj fuu iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq iuyr msßia lshd isáfha" Tjqqkaf.a ia;s% - mqrei iudcndùh w¾:l;kh fyda m%ldykh u; jk,sx.sl keuqrej fya;=fjka zzfrda.szz mqoa.,hska iy zzm%;sldrzz wjyh mqoa.,hska f,ig Tjqkaj f;areï.kakd,o njhs' WodyrKhla f,ig" 34 yeúßè ialsk¾" fld<u k.rfha Ôj;a fjhs' Ôj úohd;aulj ia;%shl jk Tyq" Tyqf.a,sx.sl keuqrej iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh zidudkh msßñz hk jpk fol fhdodf.k ú.%y lrhs' zzljqreyß uu fjkia hehs is;=fjd;a" ta f.d,af,da tl tl kï lshkjd' ug fmdkakhd 32 lsh,d lshkjd' tfyu ke;akï" zfï msßñfhla o@.eyekshla o@z ZZ lsh,d wykjd 33 hehs mejiqfõ h' Tyqf.a uj" Tyq nf,kau wd.ñl$ffjoh mqoa.,hka <Õg /f.k f.dia we;' zzys%,xldfõ fn!oaohka 90] la u jdf.a yskaÿ Nla;slhka' ta f.d,af,da flakaor jf.a foaj,a wrf.k idia;rldrfhda fydhdf.k yeu ;eku hkjd' okakjdfkafï idia;rldrfhda.ek' ta mqoa.,hdu fyda fjk;a flfkl= fyda t;ku whq¾fõo fnfy;a fokjd'.sh udfi;a udj tjeks ;eklg wrf.k.shdzz hehs Tyq mejish' wjidk jyfhka" iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq mqoa.,hska y;rfofkl= lshd isáfha" Tjqkaf.a,sx.sl keuqrej fyda ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;dj" Tjqkaf.a leue;a;lska f;drj" hy jkag" mjqf,a whg" uyckhdg ^Wod( udoh ;=<ska& wohdmk wdh;khka ys wfkl=;a isiqkag" tlg /lshdfõ fhfokakkag iy ;j;a fkdokakd mqoa.,hskag wdkdjrkh lrk,o ksid /lshd,nd.eksfï " mjqf,a iydh,nd.eksu" ksjdi,nd.eksu we;= wfkl=;a fndfyda lrekqj, Tjqka wirk ;;a;ajhg m;ajq njhs' 32' iaa;%shl fuka yeisíï fyda fmkqula iys; msßñfhl= ye kaùug fhdok ] wmydid;aul mohls' 33' ialsk¾ iu. iïuql idlépdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2011 [Tlaf;dan¾ 7' 34

36 iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq mqoa.,hska 21 fofkl=g YdÍßl ydks isÿlrk njg jdñlj ;¾ck lr we;s w;r fuh Tjqkag fyda Tjqkaf.a iylrejka fyda Tjqkag ióm mqoa.,hska fj; isÿfldg we;' fujeks isoaëka myf<djl " lïuq,g.eisu iy myr ï jeks YdÍßl ysxik fukau jdñl ;¾ck ms<sn lrekq o wkdjrkh úh' úiskj yeúßè fou< oaú,sx.sl ia;%shl jk wkq" wmg lshd isáfha wehg ;¾ckhlr we;s mqoa.,hska" ^uf.a& hy jka f.a ^m%ux.yrkh castration) jdik fldai lmdouk nj ñksiaiq lshkjd' wmg fydls fmd j,ska.id".sks ;shkjd jf.a foaj,a taf.d,af,da wmsg lsh,d ;shkjd' 34 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj pñ,df.a iyldßhf.a mjqf,a wh" wehg yuq ù fkdue;s nj;a" wehg Rcqju lsis;a lshd ke;s nj;a weh lsjd h' kuq;a Tjqka wehg ^uf.a iyldßhg& lsh,d ;snqkd" taf.d,a,kag udj uqk.eyqfkd;a ug lïuq,g.ykjd lsh,d' cq,s ui ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" ia;s% iu,sx.slhska i yd iuq jla mj;ajkakg hk nj ksfõokh lsíu;a iu. th uyckhdf.a n,j;a úfrdaohg,la úh' tla úfrdao;djhla" mqj;am;l l;dg hjk,o,smshla u.ska isÿjq w;r" th zo whs,kaâz kï bx.s%is mqj;amf;a m< úh' th fld;rï ÿr È..sfha±hs lshf;d;a fuu iuq jg iynd.sjk ldka;djka" IKhg jrolrejka jq wmrdolrejka lkavdhula fhdojd IKh lrjk njg mqj;a me;sr.sfha h' fuu mqj;am;g úreoaoj meñks,a,la bèßm;a lrk,o w;r" YS%,xldfõ mqj;am;a ukav,h tu mqj;am; fjkqfjka fmks isg ia;s% iu,sx.sl;ajh mrmsvl ^sadistic and salacious) lduql;ajh iy lduql fohla f,ig fy<d olsk, ' 36 35' ialsk¾ iu`. iïuql idlécdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2011 Tlaf;dan¾ 8' m%kdkaÿ tï' ^2008& Va g r a n t v o i c e s, ysud,a ol=kq wdishdk" ;.d,j 21^3&' h t t p : / / h i m a lma g. c o m / c o m p o n e n t / c o n t e n t / a r t i c l e / v a g r a n t - v o i c e s. h t m l ( a c c e s s e d Fe b ) [ ] 34' wkq iu`. iïuql idlécdj" ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" YS%,xldj" 2011 uehs 13' 35

37 ldka;d ls%hdldí lkavdhu" Y%S,xldj ' ixiald;sl$ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh iïu;hka ys n,meje;aùu u; we;slrkq,nk ysxikh (Violence of cultural norm/gender norm enforcement) iïuql idlépdjg,la jq mqoa.,hska 33 fokdf.ka 12 fofkl= fmkajd ÿka mßè nqé 37 iu,sx.slhska iy g%dkaia mqoa.,hskag ixiald;sh u.ska n,dfmdfrd;a;=jk ia;%s-mqrei iudcndùh iïu;hkag wkqj újd;ùug n,lsíu" iïu; wdldrhg we ï we ug isÿùu iy iïu; wdldrhg fldkavh ielisug" Ôj;aùug iy fmks isàug isÿùu fya;=fjka ksrka;r msvkhlg,lajk w;r" fï ish w;a±lsï ufkdauh iy udkisl ysxikh f,ig w;aú we;' iïuql idlépdj,g uqyqk ÿka fuu mqoa.,hska lshd isáfha fmdÿ jeisls,s Ndú;fha Tjqkaf.a ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh wkkh;djh iy w¾:lkh ms<sn j m%yak lrk,o njhs' fuf,i ixiald;sl iy ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh iïu;hka /l.eksug isÿùu o Tjqyq w;aú k,o ysxikhka nj lshd isáhy' ta yd iudk f,i" iïuql idlépdjkag Ndckh jq we;eï mqoa.,hskag Tjqkaf.a ls¾;sh wdrcid lr.eksu i yd ziu,sx.sl msßñka f,i jeämqr fkdfmkaùug fyda fkdù isàugz iy Tjqkaf.a ;;a;ajh ryila f,ig ;nd.eksug n, lrk,o mßirhla úh' ;j;a iuyr iïuql idlépdjg n ka jq mqoa.,hskaf.a ia;s%-mqrei iudcndùh w¾:l;kh iy m%ldykh zzldka;d fmkqula ke;sùuzz hk lrek mokïj /lshdjkaj,g fkd.eksu" /lshdfõ Wiiaùï wysñùu iy ye kqïmf;a we;s rej Tjqkaf.a rej iu. fkd.e,msu hkdèh fya;=fjka /lshdj wysñùu iïnkao isÿùï Tjqka úiska jd¾;d lrk, ' b. YdÍßl ysxikh (Physical Violence) iïuql idlépd úyaf,aikh lsíu u.ska b;d jeo.;a fidhd.eksï lssysmhla ia:dmkh lsíug yels úh' mjq, iy.dyia: wjldyh hk m%odk idol fol u.ska" m%:ufhka LBT mqoa.,hska" Tjqkag tfrysj isÿjk YdÍßl ysxikfha [ ] 37' nqé (butch) lrekdlr mdßndis; joka ud,dj n,kak' 36