6. List 4 ways the people in New England made a living. Grain mills and sawmills, shipbuilding, trade, cod industry (fishing)

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1 The Colonial Period Study Guide New Peoples 1. What years was the Colonial Period? From what 8 countries did most settlers who came to America during this time travel? England, Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, France (French Huguenots), Spain, Italy, and Portugal 3. List 3 reasons from the text of why people left their home country to come to America? Escape path of war, avoid poverty, and absentee landlordism 4. What was the population America at the end of the Colonial Period? 2.5 million New England Colonies 5. What part of the United States were the New England colonies? Northeast 6. List 4 ways the people in New England made a living. Grain mills and sawmills, shipbuilding, trade, cod industry (fishing) 7. Where did most settlers live in New England? In villages and towns around the harbors 8. Why was the Massachusetts Bay Colony able to lay the foundation or beginning of trade? Because they built their own vessels (ships) and sailed them to parts all over the world 9. What things started making New England shippers a lot of money? Rum and slaves 10. What was the triangular trade? Merchants and shippers would purchase slaves off the coast of Africa for New England rum, and then sell the slaves in the West Indies where they would buy molasses to bring home for sale to the local rum producers.

2 The Middle Colonies 1. List 3 ways the Middle Colonies were different from the New England colonies. Society in the Middle Colonies was far more varied, cosmopolitan, and tolerant than the New England Colonies 2. Who helped make Pennsylvania and Delaware successful colonies? William Penn 3. What was the heart of Pennsylvania? Philadelphia 4. Describe Philadelphia. Broad tree-shaped streets, substantial brick and stone houses and busy docks 5. What religion were most people in Philadelphia? Quaker 6. From what country did the most successful farmers in Pennsylvania migrate? Germany 7. What are the cottage industries? Weaving, shoemaking, cabinet making, and other crafts 8. Why do you think they are called that (cottage industries)? Because these things could be done in their home or cottage 9. What immigrants settled in Pennsylvania that were very poor, hated the English and didn t trust any governments? Scots-Irish (Scotish-Irish) 10. Where did this group settle and how did they survive? Back country and lived by hunting and subsistence farming 11. What state had the largest variety of immigrants? New York 12. List the countries where people were immigrants from. Netherlands (Dutch), France (French), Denmark (Danes), Norway (Norwegians) Sweden (Swedes/Swedish), England (English), Scotland (Scots/Scottish), Ireland (Irish), Germany (Germans), Poland (Poles/Polish), Bohemia (Bohemians), Portugal (Portuguese), and Italy (Italians) 13. Who had the largest influence on New York even after their country lost the colony of New York to the British? The Dutch

3 The Southern Colonies 1. List the Southern Colonies. Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia 2. What 2 groups made up the economic and social structure in Maryland and Virginia? Great planters and yeoman farmers 3. Who helped the planters of the tidewater region? Slaves through slave labor 4. Describe the planters of the tidewater region. Held most of political power and best land, built great houses, adopted aristocratic way of life 5. What is a yeoman farmer? He works smaller tracts of land 6. About what did the yeoman farmers warn the planters? Not to encroach too far upon the rights of free men 7. Where was the most successful port in the Southern Colonies? Charleston, South Carolina 8. List 3 things that grew in North and South Carolina that made these colonies very rich. Rice, indigo, forest (trees) 9. Where did the population grow in the Southern Colonies? North and South Carolina 10. What are 3 reasons that people moved inland away from the larger coastal cities? (1)Germans/Scots-Irish were unwilling to live in the original tidewater settlements, (2) people could not secure fertile land or (3) exhausted the lands they held 11. Where did Frontier families build? On the edge of Indian country 12. What did they grow? Maize and wheat

4 Visual Information Questions and Answers 1. The 13 colonies were a part of what continent? North America 2. They are a part of what present day country? United States of America 3. Which colony is farthest north? New Hampshire 4. Which colony is farthest south? Georgia 5. The colonies were bound by the Appalachian Mountains on the west. What ocean bordered the colonies on the east? Atlantic 6. The oldest colony was Virginia (founded in 1607). Which colony was just south of Virginia? North Carolina 7. The colony of Virginia contained what are now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. What colony bordered Virginia to the northeast? Maryland 8. In which section of the 13 Colonies is Massachusetts located? Northern/New England 9. Which colony was founded last? Georgia 10. What colony was founded second? Massachusetts

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6 13 Colonies Vocab 1. Persecuted - hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs. 2. Oppression to keep down by the cruel or unjust use of power; rule harshly 3. Refugee a person who flees from a country to seek shelter or safety elsewhere 4. Commerce buying/selling of goods especially when done on a large scale between cities, states or countries

7 13 Colonies Vocab Continued 5. Prosperity good fortune, wealth or success 6. Export carry or send goods to another country 7. Commodity anything bought or sold 8. Substantial large in amount, size or number 9. Creed a statement of the basic belief of a religion 10. Indigent suffering from extreme poverty

8 13 Colonies Vocab Continued 11. Subsistence minimum food or shelter needed to support life 12. Predominantly a position of power, authority or influence over others 13. Revenue an amount of money regularly coming in 14. Oligarchy a form of government where all power is held by a few prominent people 15. Interior situated well inland from the coast or border 16. Tracts an expanse or area of land, water, etc.