Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture

Transcription

1 Koren Journl of Environmentl Agriulture Koren J Environ Agri. 2017;36(3): Koren Online ISSN: Pulished online 2017 Septemer Print ISSN: Reserh Artile Open Aess 파풍망종류에따른키위의발아, 개화및과실특성 곽용범 , 김홍림, 이목희, 이한철, 곽연식, 이용복 1, 2 Budrek, Florl Bud nd Fruit Chrteristis of Kiwifruit s Affeted y Vrious Windreks Yong-Bum Kwk 1, Hong Lim Kim 1, Mokhee Lee 1, Hn-Cheol Rhee 1, Youn-Sig Kwk 2 nd Yong Bok Lee 2* ( 1 Nmhe Brnh, Ntionl Institute of Hortiulturl nd Herl Siene, Rurl Development Administrtion, Nmhe 52430, Kore, 2 Institute of Agriulture & Life Siene, Gyeongsng Ntionl University, Jinju 52828, Kore) 2* Reeived: 23 Septemer 2017/ Revised: 6 Septemer 2017/ Aepted: 15 Septemer 2017 ORCID Copyright 2017 The Koren Soiety of Environmentl Agriulture This is n Open-Aess rtile distriuted under the terms of the Cretive Commons Attriution Non-Commeril Liense ( whih permits unrestrited non-ommeril use, distriution, nd reprodution in ny medium, provided the originl work is properly ited. Yong Bok Lee Yong-Bum Kwk Astrt BACKGROUND: Kiwifruit growers uild their vineyrds using mny windreks to protet their kiwifruit vines from defolition injury y strong winds suh s typhoon. In this study, we hve ompred fruit qulity, udrek rte nd florl ud s ffeted y windreks. And lso we surveyed severl mirolimte indies of kiwifruit orhrd depending on the overing mterils of rh-type windreks. METHODS AND RESULTS: Five different windrek mterils inluding polyethylene film (PE), lue- nd white-olored nets were tested in pipe-frmed rhtype kiwifruit vineyrds s the overing mterils. Photosynthetilly tive rdition (PAR), nnul men temperture (AMT) nd hill unit (CU) s well s fruit qulity were ompred mong the overing mterils. In -2 ll tretments, nnul PAR ws more thn 400 μmol m s -1, in whih kiwifruit lef ould reh its mximum photosynthesis, sine the leves were emerged. Annul men temperture ws greter in 0.1 mm-pe overing s muh s 1 2 thn other windreks. In CU lulted y three different models, ll windreks showed more *Corresponding uthor: Yong Bok Lee Phone: ; Fx: ; E-mil: ylee@gnu..kr thn 1400 CU tht is fully fulfilled CU for kiwifruit rest ompletion. There were no differene in udrek rte mong the overing mterils. Fruit weight ws hevier in 0.1 mm-pe nd white-net (4 mm) thn other windreks. CONCLUSION: Regrdless of the windrek mterils, the PAR quntity ws enough for kiwifruit photosynthesis. AndCUforkiwifruitrestompletionwsfullyhievedin ll tretments. However, with respet to fruit weight, quntity of PAR, nd AMT, et., It is highly reommended for kiwifruit growers to hoose 0.1 mm-pe nd white-net (4 mm) s for their windreks mterils. Key words:chill unit, Fruit qulity, Kiwifruit, Mirolimte, Windreks 서 1,300 h (, 2016) (, 2011). 론 169

2 170 Kwk et l. Tle 1. Physil fetures of over mterils of rh-type windreksusedinthisexperiment Windreks Averge mesh size (mm) Net porosityz (%) Blue net (2 mm) Blue net (4 mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) z Net porosity ws lulted y mesh re nd numer per 100 m 2. 2 (Tnhor, 1988; Kwk et l., 2012, 2013, 2015). (, 2005), (Choi et l., 2002).. (PE),. PE,. 재료및방법 시험품종및방풍시설 31 (Hywrd). 5m, 4.3m 1.7 m, 0.1 mm (PE) (Open field). 2 mm (Blue 2 mm) 4 mm (Blue 4 mm) 2 mm (White 2 mm) 4 mm (White 4 mm) (Tle 1). (%) 100 m 2. 5 m 6m 6. 미세기상조사 400~700 nm (PAR) WthDog 2475 (Spetrum tehnology, USA) 30 m 30. (hill unit, CU) Sunley (2006) 3. 과실특성및익년발아, 개화조사 ,., ,,. 1 (ud) (sprouted ud), 1. (PR-32 α, Atgo, Bellevue, USA), (TitroLine Esy, Shott, Germny). 통계분석 2. SAS 9.2, Enterprise 4.3 (SAS Institute, In., Cry, N.C., USA) (P =0.05). 결 과 파풍망의특성및과원내미세기상,. PE. mesh (Tle 1). 2 mm mesh 3.25, 3.96 mm 2, 4 mm 16.82, mm 2. 2mm4mm49.3% 72.7%, 2 mm 4 mm 65.6% 82.1%. mesh PAR Fig 1. PE,,

3 Budrek, Florl Bud nd Fruit Chrteristis of Kiwifruit s Affeted y Windreks 171 PAR (μ mol m -2 s -1 ) Temperture ( ) 800 Blue net White net PE 700 Open field Yer Windreks Tle 2. Severl mirolimte indies under different overing mterils of rh-type windreks during seven months from April through Otoer PAR ( μmol m -2 s -1 ) Temperture ( ) 2012 Open field z 23.1 d PE Blue net (2 mm) d Blue net (4 mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) d 2013 Open field PE Blue net (2 mm) Blue net (4 mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) z Men seprtion within olumns y the Dunn s multiple rnge test t p=0.05. ( Fig. 1). PAR. mesh PAR (Tle 2). PAR2 mm 4 mm , μmol m -2 s -1-2, , μmol m Yer Fig. 1. PAR nd men temperture of kiwifruit orhrd during seven months from April through Otoer in 2012 nd 2013 depending on overing mterils of rh-type windreks. Brs leled with sme letter re not signifintly different y the Dunn s multiple rnge test (p=0.05). Vertil rs indite stndrd errors of the mens. s -1, 2 mm 4 mm , Chill unit μmol m -2 s -1-2, , μmol m s -1. mesh (PAR)., (hill unit, CU) ns 3 (Sunley et l., 2006) mesh (Fig. 2). 파풍망에따른과실특성 < 7.2 (h) model (h) model Uth model Blue net (2 mm) Blue net (4mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) PE Open Field Fig. 2. Chilling unit of kiwifruit orhrd lulted y three different models. It is sum of five months from Novemer through Mrh in the yer 2012/2013 nd 2013/2014 under different overing mterils of rh-type windreks. Brs leled with ns re not signifintly different y the Dunn s multiple rnge test (p=0.05). Vertil rs indite stndrd errors of the mens. Tle 3. Fruit hrteristis of 31-yer-old Hywrd kiwifruit grown under different overing mterils of rh-type windreks Yer Windreks ns Fruit weight (g) ns Solule solids ontent ( Brix) Titrtle idity (%) 2012 PE 92.5 z Blue net (2 mm) Blue net (4 mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) Open field PE Blue net (2 mm) Blue net (4 mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) z Men seprtion within olumns y the Dunn s multiple rnge test t p=0.05.

4 172 Kwk et l. Tle 4. Chrteristis of udrek nd flowering of 31-yer-old Hywrd kiwifruit grown under different overing mterils of rh-type windreks Yer Windreks (g FW), ( Brix), (%) (Tle 3). 2012,PAR 4mm 1~ mm PE mm 13.9 Brix, mm PE 14.3 Brix. 4 mm. 파풍망에따른익년발아및개화 (ud) ( Tle 4). (florl ud) % PE 84.0% mesh, 고 Budrek (%) (Norton, 1988), (Judd nd MAneney, 1984; Jrvis, 1985) 찰 Florl ud (%) Flower (No/florl shoot) 2013 Open field 67.5 z PE Blue net (2 mm) Blue net (4 mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) Open field PE Blue net (2 mm) Blue net (4 mm) White net (2 mm) White net (4 mm) z Men seprtion within olumns y the Dunn s multiple rnge test t p=0.05. (Brissoulis et l., 2007). mesh (Grvin et l., 2011), 2 mm,4mm. mesh 9.4~16.3%., 5 10~11 μmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 (Piller nd Meekings, 1997), (PAR) 375 μmol m -2 s -1 (Buwld et l., 1991). mesh PAR, mesh PAR. PAR 400 μmol m -2 s -1 (Fig. 1; Tle 2). PE 1~ 2 (Fig. 1; Tle 2). Norton (1988), Willims (1970) 1, PE (Tle 3)., 4mm PE PAR (Tle 2)., (Sunley et l., 2006).. (Weinerger, 1950, 1954; Oukli et l., 2003)..,,, (Sunley et l., 2006)., 950~1000 (4 ) (Brundell, 1976; Lionkis nd Shwe, 1984). Cldwell(1989) 950, ~ (Sunley et l., 2006) (Fig. 2). PE,

5 Budrek, Florl Bud nd Fruit Chrteristis of Kiwifruit s Affeted y Windreks CU (Fig. 2)., (Tle 4)., (Kwk et l., 2013, 2014, 2015), PE 1~ 2 (Tle 2)., 0.1 mm PE, (2 mm, 4 mm) (PAR).,.,, PE,. PAR,,,PE 4mm. 요, m. (PAR),,. 4~10400 μmol m -2 s -1 PAR. PE 1~ 2. 3 (CU) 1400 CU,., PE 4 mm. PAR,, PE 4mm. 약 Notes The uthor delre no onflit of interest. Aknowledgement This study ws funded y reserh progrm (PJ012046) of Rurl Development Administrtion (RDA), Repuli of Kore. Referenes Brissoulis, D., Mistriotis, A., & Eleftherkis, D. (2007). Mehnil ehviour nd properties of griulturl nets-prt I: Testing methods for griulturl nets. Polymer Testing, 26(6), Brundell, D. J. (1976). The effet of hilling on the termintion of rest nd flower ud development of the hinese gooseerry. Sienti Hortiulture, 4(2), Buwld, J. G., Meekings, J. S., & Smith G. S. (1991). Sesonl hnges in photosyntheti pity of leves of kiwifruit (Atinidi deliios) vines. Physiologi Plntrum, 83(1), Cldwell, J. (1989). Kiwifruit performne in South Crolin nd effet of winter hilling. Clemson University, Clemson South Crolin, 10, Choi,S.T.,Kng,S.M.,Prk,D.S.,Song,W,D.,&Seo, G. K. (2002). Thinning effet on fruit hrteristis nd reserve umultion of persimmon trees defolited in erly utumn. Hortiulture, Environment, nd Biotehnology, 43(6), Grvin, A., Ctldo, J., Gmett, G., Prdo, E., & Fornero, C. (2011). Reltion of peel dmge in itrus fruit to wind limte in orhrd nd its ontrol. Sienti Hortiulture, 129(1), Jrvis,P.P.G.(1985).Couplingoftrnspirtiontothe tmosphere in hortiulturl rops: the omeg ftor. In I Interntionl Symposium on Wter Reltions in Fruit Crops, 171, Judd, M. J., & MAneney, K. J. (1984). Wter use y tmrillos (Cyphomndr ete) withinsheltered orhrd environment. Agriulturl nd Forest Meteorology, 32(1), Kwk,Y.B.,Kim,H.L.,Choi,Y.H.,Lee,J.H.,Kim,J. G.,&Lee,Y.B.(2012).Fruitqulityndfruitloule ir hole of kiwifruit (Atinidi deliios v. Hywrd) ffeted y erly defolition, Koren Journl of Environmentl Agriulture, 31(3), Kwk,Y.B.,Kim,H.L.,Che,W.B.,Lee,J.H.,Lee,E. H.,Kim,J.G.,&Lee,Y.B.(2013).Regrowthofuds nd flower ud formtion in kiwifruit s ffeted y erly defolition, Koren Journl of Environmentl Agriulture, 32(3), Kwk,Y.B.,Kim,H.L.,Che,W.B.,Kim,S.H.,Lee,Y. B., & Kim, J. G. (2014). Crohydrte reserves of non-fruiting young kiwifruit vines s ffeted y erly rtifiil defolition, Hortiulture, Environment, nd Biotehnology, 55(6),

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