6/3/2015 OUTLINE ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH LATE SEASON PESTS

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1 OUTLINE PEACH INSECT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES: AVOIDING LATE SEASON INSECT INJURY Mike Hs Deprtment of Entomology Trevor Nichols Reserch Center Wht re the lte seson pech pests? Wht kind of injury? Wht re the mngement options? Wht other considertions to keep in mind? LATE SEASON PESTS Orientl fruit moth Lefrollers Scles Jpnese beetles Thrips Spotted wing drosophil Brown mrmorted stink bug ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH Ntive to Chin; introduced bout 1913 Hosts include pech, pple, per, plum, cherry, pricot, nectrine Egg lid on lef surfce Lrv is dmging stge tunnel in shoots & fruit 4-5 instrs, rnging from 0.06 to 0.5 ; OW stge Pup smll, 3/8 brown, in silk cocoon Adult is smll, 1/4, drk moth 1

2 OFM LIFE CYCLE IN MI OW s mture lrve in silken cocoon Erly spring = pupte & moths emerge lte April-erly My 3-5 overlpping gen/yr OFM INJURY 1 st gen feed on shoots enter t lef xil nd tunnel into shoot; flgging/sheprd s crook dmge to young trees cn cuse prolific shoot development tunnel directly into fruit or enter vi stem frss nd gummy exudte young fruit my drop Apr My June July Aug Sep Oct OFM MANAGEMENT CHEMICAL CONTROL 1 st step for chemicl control estblish biofix with pheromone trp degree dy model 2010 Model in Pech GDD Bse 45 F Event Action Post Biofix 0 GDD = BIOFIX cptures Set is BIOFIX) 1 st sustined moth GDD = 0 (This GDD 10-15% egg htch 1 st tretment if wrrnted 1 st Brood GDD % egg htch 2 nd tretment bsed on pest density 1,150-1,200 GDD % 2nd genertion egg htch 1 st tretment if wrrnted 2 nd Brood 1,450-1,500 GDD 65-7% egg htch 2 nd tretment bsed on pest density 2,100-2,200 GDD % 3rd genertion egg htch If verge >10 moths/trp/week 3 rd Brood nd/or fruit injury is found. Informtion bove derived from pech dt, Hull & Krwczyk, Penn Stte University, 2010 If using Rimon, or other mteril trgeting eggs, GDD OFM MANAGEMENT MATING DISRUPTION Mting disruption not suitble for every orchrd up before 1 st moth ctch use in conjunction with chemicl control to bring popultion down severl products to choose from ties spry puffer 2

3 Rope dispensers for control of OFM Spryble pheromone tests Men No. of Mles per Trp No pheromone Isomte M100 b 1st gen. b 2 nd + gen. b 1st gen b 2 nd + gen. Men OFM / trp SW Michign orchrds High High MEC Low MEC High No MD Low Rte Frequent Appliction (LRFA) is GOOD pproch High Weekly pplictions low rte High rte Low rte WHY ARE THERE WORMS IN MY PEACHES? Tretments not timed right poorly timed bsed on generl trpping info tretment gps from stretching sprys rin wshoff stopped progrm too erly Resistnce Ontrio lte 1990 s Illinois 2009 OFM Resistnce Reduced-risk insecticides: - Chlorntrniliprole (Altcor 35WG) - Spinosd (Entrust 80W) - Spinetorm (Delegte 25WG) - Acetmiprid (Assil 30SG) Pyrethroids: Adult Topicl Biossys - Esfenvlerte (Asn) - Lmbd-cyhlothrin (Wrrior) Courtesy of R. Weinzierl No resistnce found Suspected Resistnce Moderte = 9% High level = 82% Popultion Yer Smpling Dtes N Men Percent Survivorship (SEM) Rutgers colony July 1.29 Urbn Field , 26, 27, nd 28 Apr., 03 nd (0.45) July Clhoun colony June, 03, 07, 11, nd 21 July, (1.41) 12 Aug. Clhoun County CHA July, 13, 14, 15, nd 28 Aug * (2.90) Clhoun County CEI , 7, 13, 14 April * (7.24) 3

4 OFM RESISTANCE MANGAGEMENT Use different Resistnce Clss for ech genertion. Use lbeled rtes. Incorporte Mting Disruption Chemicl OFM PHI pech Res. clss Imidn *** 14 1 Sevin * 3 1 Lnnte * 4 1 Dnitol *** 3 3 Bythroid ** 7 3 Asn XL ** 14 3 Mustng Mx ** 14 3 PermUp/Ambush ** 14 3 Pounce ** 14 3 Wrrior ** 14 3 Assil *** 7 4 Delegte ** 7 5 Entrust * 14 5 Rimon *** 8 15 Intrepid ** 7 18 Exirel *** 3 28 Belt *** 7 28 Altcor *** Volim Xpress *** 14 28, 3 Volim Flexi *** 14 28, 4 Leverge ** 7 3, 4 ***= excellent **= good *= fir OBLIQUEBANDED LEAFROLLER North Americn ntive Hosts include pech, pple, per, mny other Eggs msses lid on lef surfce, up to 200 eggs/mss Lrve dmging stge full grown lrve 1, green with brown/blck hed Pup 1/2, brown, usully in rolled lef Adult reddish-brown moths ~1/2 long, 3 wvy tn bnds on wings OBLR LIFE CYCLE IN MI Obliquebnded lefroller dmge Feed on leves, shoots, fruit OW lrv 2 genertions per yer eggs Bloom pupe Moth flight My June July Aug Sep Oct 4

5 CHEMICALS FOR OBLR CONTROL A SELECTION OF OBLR INSECTICIDES Compound Trde Nme Chemicl Clss Life-stge ctivity Optiml Spry Timing for OBLR Residul Activity Mite Flring Potentil Imidn orgnophosphte Lrve Biofix DD (42) dys L - M Lnnte, Crbmtes Lrve Biofix DD 5-7 dys M - H Sevin Asn, Wrrior, Dnitol, Pyrethroids Lrve Biofix DD 7-10 dys H Decis Deliver, Dipel, Crymx Bt s Lrve Biofix DD 5-7 dys L Altcor Anthrnilic Lrve Biofix DD 14 dys Dimide Spintor, Entrust Spinosyn Lrve Biofix DD 7-10 dys L Delegte Spinosyn Lrve Biofix DD 14 dys Proclim Avermectin Lrve Biofix DD 7-10 dys L Chemicl LR PHI pech Res. clss Altcor *** Belt *** 7 28 Exirel *** 3 28 Rimon *** 8 15 Dnitol ** 3 3 Bt ** 0 11 Leverge ** 7 3, 4 ***= excellent **= good *= fir Intrepid IGR (MAC) Eggs, Lrve, Biofix DD Adults Residue over eggs (sublethl) 14+ dys L Esteem IGR (juvenoid) Eggs, Lrve Biofix DD Residue under eggs dys L Overlp in OBLR nd OFM Timings OBLR lrve OFM eggs Esteem Intrepid Delegte Altcor Belt Volim flexi OFM lrve April My June July Aug. Sept. 5

6 LARVAE White nd C-shped Develop in moist soil Feed on roots, orgnic mtter - Overwintering stge Jpnese beetle EGGS 1-2 mm eggs lid in grssy res Eggs lid in btches of ~5 Require moisture to htch JB food sources Grubs: - feed on ll cool-seson turfgrsses, mny weeds nd other plnts. Adults: - feed on > 300 ornmentl nd woody lndscpe plnts, nd they love to et pech, pple, cherry etc PUPAE Develop in soil in lte spring ADULTS Adult beetles emerge in mid-summer - Highly mobile, congregte on tops of plnts - Femles ly ~50 eggs JAPANESE BEETLE INJURY JAPANESE BEETLE CONTROL (GRAPES), 2005 Five folir insecticides Dnitol, Imidn, Clutch, Actr, Wrrior Applictions: July 5 for ll tretments Assessments: 1, 7, 14 dys fter tretment Beetles per 7 vine plot Untreted Dnitol 10.6 oz Imidn lb, ph6 Clutch 1 oz Actr 1.5 oz Wrrior 2 oz 0 Precount 1 DAT 7 DAT 14 DAT 6

7 SCALES Soft Europen Fruit Lecnium Fmily Coccide cover (smooth, cottony, wxy) is body of insect, up to 1/4 ; convex ( humped ) feeds on phloem fluids; produce honeydew; sooty mold usully 1 gen/yr Systemics effective Hrd (Armored) Sn Jose scle Fmily Dispidide pltelike cover up to 1/8 with insect beneth do not produce honeydew; feeds on cells usully >1 gen/yr Systemics not s effective Lecnium scle on chestnut. Photo credit Dennis Fulbright, MSU SAN JOSE SCALE Resurgence in RR progrms if ignored Controlled with Oil spryer volume 200 gl/cre best with compnion insecticide Mny Assil, Movento, Dizinon, Lorsbn, Wrrior, Tourismo, Esteem, Centur Trevor Nichols Reserch Complex Pheromone Trpline Dt Fennville, MI SJS INSECTICIDES Averge # Mle SJS/Trp 50 Sn Jose Scle Adult Emergence 40 Emergence of SJS Crwlers Pink PF Best control timing 0 5/8 5/22 6/5 6/19 7/3 7/17 7/31 8/14 8/28 9/11 Dte Chemicl SJS PHI pech Res. clss Sevin * * 3 1 Assil * * 7 4 Wrrior * * * 14 3 Esteem ** 14 7 Centur ** Tourismo ** 14 16, 28 Dizinon ** 21 1 Bely * * 21 4 ***= excellent **= good *= fir 7

8 WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS Control of Western Flower Thrips on Pech Cuse silvering of peches OW s dult in weedy res Severl gen/yr Fvored by hot & dry Threshold: 5 per 50 fruits & silvering present Control Wrrior Spintor Provdo % mortlity b b Imidn Field-bsed biossy, 26 My, 2001 THRIPS MANAGEMENT FRUIT AFFECTED BY SWD Wtch high color vrieties Exmine fruit more intensely s coloring increses Don t mow nerby fields close to hrvest Eliminte flowering weeds in orchrd Chemicl Thrips PHI pech Res. clss Admire Pro ** 0 4 Pygnic/Evergreen 12 hrs. 3 Lnnte ** 4 1 Delegte ** 7 5 Actr ** 14 4 Spintor ** 14 5 Volim Flexi ** 14 28, 4 Highest risk Strwberries Rspberries Cherries Peches Nectrines Blueberries Blckberries Moderte risk Grpes Pers Apples Tomto Alternte hosts Wild plnts with berries, such s Snowberry Elderberry Pokeweed Dogwood ***= excellent **= good *= fir 8

9 BIOLOGY OF SWD Optiml development t o F, ~12 dy genertion time. Adult flies live for 3-6 weeks, nd femles cn ly over 300 eggs. MALE M. Huser, UC SWD identifiction FEMALE two rows of serrtions on ovipositor no drk spots on wings WSU, Whtcomb County Limited by high het in summer nd by winter cold. But, SWD popultions re found in cold regions of Jpn. drk spot on ech wing two drk bnds on ech foreleg M. Huser, UC Click HERE for detiled key for identifying SWD Approx. $1/trp for mterils nd construction. MONITORING SWD Plstic cup with side holes, pple cider vinegr bit. Use smll yellow sticky trp to cpture flies. Or, use only vinegr with drop of unscented sop. Hng in fruit cnopy ner fruit nd in the shde. Chnge vinegr weekly, nd dispose wy from trp. Best detection potentil expected s fruit ripens. Check weekly, nd record ctches. SWD INSECTICIDES 3 yers of dt show: 1 st femle cptured bout the 1 st dy of summer Chemicl SWD PHI pech Res. clss Grndevo ** 0 Dnitol ** 3 3 Exirel *** 3 28 Lnnte *** 4 1 Bythroid ** 7 3 Delegte *** 7 5 Movento ** 7 23 Imidn *** 14 1 Mustng Mx *** 14 3 Entrust *** 14 5 Apt ** Pygnic * 12 hours 3 ***= excellent **= good *= fir 9

10 BMSB 1 st Detections for counties in MI 2010: Berrien 2011: Eton, Genesee, Monroe, Lenwee, Inghm 2012: Allegn, Clinton, Kent, Oklnd, Wshtenw, Wyne, 2013: Grnd Trverse, Ottw 2014: Jckson, Ocen, Css, Klmzoo, VnBuren, Livingston, St. Clir DAMAGE IN PEACHES Cn feed on peches throughout the growing seson In NJ, when cged on developing peches t: shuck-split: high number of borted fruit pit hrdening: gummy fruit Swell: high level of feeding dmge (pithy nd corky spots) 2015: Sginw Severe dmge in WV (bivoltine T. Leskey) Nielsen nd Hmilton (2009) J. Econ. Entomol. 102(3) BROWN MARMORATED STINK BUG BMSB INSECTICIDES Res. Chemicl BMSB PHI pech clss Admire Pro ** 0 4 Dnitol *** 3 3 Venom *** 3 4 Lnnte *** 4 1 Assil ** 7 4 Leverge *** 7 3, 4 Wrrior *** 14 3 Actr *** 14 4 Volim Xpress ** 14 28, 3 Bely ** 21 4 ***= excellent **= good *= fir 10

11 LATE- SEASON PEACH INSECTICID ES WHAT S MOST IMPORTANT TO YOU: EFFECTIVENESS, PRICE, PHI, CLASS,? Chemicl PHI pech Res. clss OFM LR SJS JB Thrips SWD BMSB Sevin 3 1 * * * * * Lnnte 4 1 * * * * *** *** Imidn 14 1 *** * * *** Pygnic 12 hours 3 * * Dnitol 3 3 *** * * ** *** ** Bythroid 7 3 ** * * ** Wrrior 14 3 ** * * *** * * * Mustng 14 3 ** * * Mx *** Asn XL 14 3 ** * * Pounce 14 3 ** PermUp/Ambush 14 3 ** Admire Pro 0 4 * * * * ** Venom 3 4 *** Assil 7 4 * * ** *** * * Actr 14 4 * * *** ** Bely 21 4 ** * * Delegte 7 5 ** * * *** Entrust 14 5 * *** Spintor 14 5 * * Rimon 8 15 *** *** Intrepid 7 18 ** Apt ** Movento 7 23 ** Exirel 3 28 *** *** * * *** Belt 7 28 *** *** Altcor *** *** Volim Xpress 14 28, 3 *** ** Volim Flexi 14 28, 4 *** ** Leverge 7 3, 4 ** ** ** *** Grndevo 0 ** PROBLEMS WITH ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH? Monitor trp YOUR frm for OFM Time insecticides Try mting disruption Rotte insecticide clsses nd lst but not lest ***= excellent **= good *= fir DON T STOP YOUR PROGRAM TOO EARLY! ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following people provided slides for this presenttion: Lrry Gut John Wise Anne Nielsen Dvid Epstein 11