Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 4

Transcription

1 Desigatio = Evaluate Famil: Rutaceae Taxo: Melicope elleraa Som: Euodia elleraa F. Muell. Commo Name: Saruwa Pik Flowered Doughwood Evodia Questioaire : curret Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: EVALUATE Data Etr Perso: Chuck Chimera WRA Score Is the species highl domesticated? =-3, =0 102 Has the species become aturalized where grow? =1, = Does the species have weed races? =1, = Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appedix 2) 202 Qualit of climate match data (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High high) (See Appedix 2) 203 Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit) =1, =0 204 Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates =1, =0 205 Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? =-2,?=-1, =0 301 Naturalized beod ative rage = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2), = questio Garde/ameit/disturbace weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 304 Evirometal weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 305 Cogeeric weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 401 Produces spies, thors or burrs =1, =0 402 Allelopathic =1, =0 403 Parasitic =1, =0 404 Upalatable to grazig aimals =1, = Toxic to aimals =1, =0 406 Host for recogized pests ad pathoges =1, =0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas =1, =0 408 Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems =1, =0 409 Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle =1, =0 410 Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad) =1, =0 Prit Date: 8/5/2011 Melicope elleraa (Rutaceae) Page 1 of 7

2 Desigatio = Evaluate 411 Climbig or smotherig growth habit =1, =0 412 Forms dese thickets =1, =0 501 Aquatic =5, =0 502 Grass =1, =0 503 Nitroge fixig wood plat =1, =0 504 Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) =1, =0 601 Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat =1, =0 602 Produces viable seed =1, = Hbridizes aturall =1, = Self-compatible or apomictic =1, = Requires specialist polliators =-1, =0 606 Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio =1, = Miimum geerative time (ears) 1 ear = 1, 2 or 3 ears = 0, 3 4+ ears = Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked =1, =-1 areas) 702 Propagules dispersed itetioall b people =1, = Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat =1, = Propagules adapted to wid dispersal =1, = Propagules water dispersed =1, = Propagules bird dispersed =1, = Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall) =1, = Propagules survive passage through the gut =1, = Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2) =1, = Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r) =1, = Well cotrolled b herbicides =-1, =1 804 Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire =1, = Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets) =-1, =1 Desigatio: EVALUATE WRA Score 4 Prit Date: 8/5/2011 Melicope elleraa (Rutaceae) Page 2 of 7

3 Desigatio = Evaluate Supportig Data: Harde, G.J. (ed.). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 2. 2d ed.. UNSW Press, Sde [Is the species highl domesticated? No] No evidece WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. NA WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. NA PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-high] "Distributio ad Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal occurrece: Grows i subtropical raiforest ad swamp forest orth from the Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde Clarece R. Ofte cultivated as a orametal tree. NSW subdivisios: NC" ~elleraa PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Qualit of climate match data? 2-high] "Distributio ad occurrece: Grows i Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal subtropical raiforest ad swamp forest orth from the Clarece R. Ofte Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde cultivated as a orametal tree. NSW subdivisios: NC" ~elleraa Dave's Garder. PlatFiles: Pik-flowered Corkwood, Pik Evodia - Melicope elleraa World Health Orgaizatio. Medicial Plats i Papua New Guiea. WHO, Regioal Office for the Wester Pacific, Maila, Philippies CSIRO. Australia Tropical Raiforest Plats [olie database] - Melicope elleraa. server/data/0e0f d d07080d04/media/html/taxo/melicope_eller aa.htm [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? No] Hardiess: USDA Zoe 9a: to -6.6 C (20 F) USDA Zoe 9b: to -3.8 C (25 F) USDA Zoe 10a: to -1.1 C (30 F) USDA Zoe 10b: to 1.7 C (35 F) USDA Zoe 11: above 4.5 C (40 F) [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Habitat. A commo species foud mail i secodar forest i both low ad high altitude. Distributio. Distributed i all regios of Papua New Guiea." [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Occurs i WA, NT, CYP, NEQ ad southwards to orth-easter New South Wales. Altitudial rage from ear sea level to 800 m. Grows i well developed rai forest o a variet of sites. This species is favoured b disturbace. Also occurs i New Guiea." PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal "Distributio ad occurrece: Grows i subtropical raiforest ad swamp forest Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde orth from the Clarece R. Ofte cultivated as a orametal tree. NSW subdivisios: NC" ~elleraa WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? No evidece] Harde, G.J. (ed.). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 2. 2d ed.. UNSW Press, Sde Chog, K.Y./Ta, H.T.W./Corlett, R.T.. A Checklist of the Total Vascular Plat Flora of Sigapore: Native, Naturalized ad Cultivated Species. Raffles Museum of Biodiversit Research, Natioal Uiversit of Sigapore, Sigapore Peel, B.. Raiforest Restoratio Maual for South-Easter Australia. CSIRO Publishig, Colligwood, Australia [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] "Ofte cultivated as a orametal tree ad spread b birds as a garde escape." [Tree ative to Queeslad, spreadig withi Australia New South Wales] [Naturalized beod ative rage? Not evidece i Sigapore] "Melicope elleraa F. Muell.; Rutaceae; cultivated ol" [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] "I some cases, these traslocatios ca be problematic eve over small geographic distaces of kilometres. This is the case with the horticulturall popular Pik Euodia Melicope elleraa, which is a ative of the coast but a rampat weed just ilad where it has bee widel plated i people's gardes (Nicholso ad Nicholso 2004). The causes of oidigeous atives becomig weeds ca be ma-fold, ad is thought to result partl from the horticultural traslocatio of plat material ot icludig the subject plat's suite of biological cotrols." Prit Date: 8/5/2011 Melicope elleraa (Rutaceae) Page 3 of 7

4 Desigatio = Evaluate Peel, B.. Raiforest Restoratio Maual for South-Easter Australia. CSIRO Publishig, Colligwood, Australia [Garde/ameit/disturbace weed? Potetiall. Native weed outside atural rage] "I some cases, these traslocatios ca be problematic eve over small geographic distaces of kilometres. This is the case with the horticulturall popular Pik Euodia Melicope elleraa, which is a ative of the coast but a rampat weed just ilad where it has bee widel plated i people's gardes (Nicholso ad Nicholso 2004). The causes of o-idigeous atives becomig weeds ca be ma-fold, ad is thought to result partl from the horticultural traslocatio of plat material ot icludig the subject plat's suite of biological cotrols." [No other refereces foud to corroborate this report] Radall, R.P.. Global Compedium of [Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed? No] No evidece Weeds - Idex [Olie Database] Radall, R.P.. Global Compedium of [Evirometal weed? No] No evidece Weeds - Idex [Olie Database] Radall, R.P.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Idex [Olie Database]. [Cogeeric weed? No] No evidece PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Produces spies, thors or burrs? No] "Descriptio: Tree up to 25 m high, Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde glabrous or sometimes with sparsel hair leaflets ad brachlets. Leaves 3- foliolate; leaflets elliptic, ± ovate or obovate, cm log, cm wide, apex abruptl acumiate or obtuse, base cueate or sometimes slightl asmmetric, ± sparsel hair, oil dots umerous but small; petiole cm ~elleraa log; lateral petiolules 1 6 mm log, termial petiolule 2 10 mm log. " Stato, D./Fell, D./Goodig, D.. Vegetatio Surve Report Of the proposed Ella Ba Itegrated Resort Project. 3D Evirometal, Kemore, Qld [Allelopathic? No evidece] Co-occurs with several other raiforest species WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Allelopathic? No evidece] Co-occurs with several other raiforest species PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Parasitic? No] "Descriptio: Tree up to 25 m high, glabrous or sometimes with Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal sparsel hair leaflets ad brachlets." [Rutaceae] Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde ~elleraa WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Upalatable to grazig aimals? Ukow] Wiart, C.. Medicial plats of Asia ad the Pacific. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL Bellis, G./Hollis, D./Jacobso, S.. Australia Joural of Etomolog. 44: Wester Australia Herbarium. FloraBase - The Wester Australia Flora - Melicope elleraa. Departmet of Eviromet ad Coservatio, Wiart, C.. Medicial plats of Asia ad the Pacific. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL World Health Orgaizatio. Medicial Plats i Papua New Guiea. WHO, Regioal Office for the Wester Pacific, Maila, Philippies [Toxic to aimals? Ukow] "The sap of Euodia elleraa F. Muell var. teragoa (K. Sch.) W.D. Fracis, or Pik Euodia, is applied i Papua New Guiea to promote the healig of sores, where the oug gree fruits are kow as poisoous The healig propert is probabl owed to atibacterial effects." [Poisoig with gree fruits is possible, if ulikel] [Host for recogized pests ad pathoges? No evidece] "The ol rutaceous plats growig i ative vegetatio i the area were Melicope elleraa, which is ot a recogised host of D. citri, ad o psllids were foud o the 13 plats ispected." [Host for recogized pests ad pathoges? No evidece] [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? Potetiall] "The sap of Euodia elleraa F. Muell var. teragoa (K. Sch.) W.D. Fracis, or Pik Euodia, is applied i Papua New Guiea to promote the healig of sores, where the oug gree fruits are kow as poisoous The healig propert is probabl owed to atibacterial effects." [Poisoig with gree fruits is possible, if ulikel] [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? Potetiall. Medicial properties] "Decoctio prepared from the dried bark is used for malaria. The juice squeezed from the fresh bark is mixed with water ad take as a cotraceptive for a few das; cotraceptive effect is strog ad reported to last 2-3 ears. A patiet with fever is washed with the leaves mashed i water." Prit Date: 8/5/2011 Melicope elleraa (Rutaceae) Page 4 of 7

5 Desigatio = Evaluate Wiart, C.. Medicial plats of Asia ad the Pacific. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL Dales Fruit Tree Nurser. Corkwood - Euodia Elleraa. Euodia-Elleraa.htm Top Tropicals. Euodia elleraa, Melicope elleraa. Top Tropicals Botaical Garde, a.htm World Health Orgaizatio. Medicial Plats i Papua New Guiea. WHO, Regioal Office for the Wester Pacific, Maila, Philippies [Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems? No] " a riparia tree that grows to a height of 30m i coastal riverie rai forests ad streambaks of Australia ad Papua New Guiea." [Ulikel, give rai forest habitat] [Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle? Possibl] "Full Su, Part Shade" [Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios? Yes] "Euodia elleraa is ot a commol see tree, but give its tolerace to a wide rage of coditios, will become more popular. Although it is ver adaptable to a rage of soils, the should be well draied." [Climbig or smotherig growth habit? No] "Descriptio. Large, fast growig, spreadig tree with a light coloured truk, straight, smooth, covered with deciduous white bark, m tall; leaves dark gree trifoliate arraged i decussate; leaflets elliptic to oblog, etire, shortl acumiate, x 5 10 cm, mostl with siuate margi. Flowers i ma-brached, dese paicles arisig o the leafless twigs; sepals rouded; petals dark-red (similar to the flowers of Szgium malaccese).the wood is soft, white, ad has a upleasat must smell." PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Climbig or smotherig growth habit? No] "Descriptio: Tree up to 25 m high, Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal glabrous or sometimes with sparsel hair leaflets ad brachlets." Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde ~elleraa CSIRO. Australia Tropical Raiforest Plats [olie database] - Melicope elleraa. server/data/0e0f d d07080d04/media/html/taxo/melicope_eller aa.htm [Forms dese thickets? No evidece from ative rage] PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Aquatic? No] "Tree up to 25 m high...grows i subtropical raiforest ad swamp Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal forest orth from the Clarece R." [Terrestrial] Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde ~elleraa PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Grass? No] Rutaceae Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde ~elleraa PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Nitroge fixig wood plat? No] Rutaceae Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde ~elleraa PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde tubers)? No] "Tree up to 25 m high, glabrous or sometimes with sparsel hair leaflets ad brachlets." ~elleraa Wester Australia Herbarium. FloraBase - The Wester Australia Flora - Melicope elleraa. Departmet of Eviromet ad Coservatio, [Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat? No] "Coservatio Status: Not threateed" Prit Date: 8/5/2011 Melicope elleraa (Rutaceae) Page 5 of 7

6 Desigatio = Evaluate PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Produces viable seed? Yes] "Cocci ovoid, 7 8 mm log, gre to brow; seeds Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal shi, black." Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde ~elleraa WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Hbridizes aturall? Ukow] Russell-Smith, J./Lee, A.H.. Plat Populatios ad Mosoo Rai Forest i the Norther Territor, Australia. Biotropica. 24(4): Kaowski, J./Catterall, C.P./Deis, A.J./Westcott, D. A. (eds).. Aimal-Plat Iteractios i Raiforest Coservatio & Restoratio. Cooperative Research Cetre for Tropical Raiforest Ecolog & Maagemet. Raiforest CRC, Cairs Dales Fruit Tree Nurser. Corkwood - Euodia Elleraa. Euodia-Elleraa.htm [Self-compatible or apomictic? Ukow] "Appedix. Reproductive ad populatio size characteristics of 137 commo rai forest species i the Norther Territor, Australia" [Sexual tpe: C = Cosexual idividuals (i.e., mooecious, hermaphrodite ] [Requires specialist polliators? No] "Other gap species such as pik euodia Melicope elleraa produce large flower sets o a aual basis, attractig ver large umbers of moths ad butterflies." [Requires specialist polliators? No] "A fast growig, evergree, large shrub or small to medium tree, formig a broad, spreadig caop which is excellet for shade. Masses of delicate pik flowers appear alog the braches i summer, attractig ma species of birds ad butterflies." PlatNET. New South Wales Flora Olie - [Requires specialist polliators? No] "Paicles up to 5 cm log. Sepals mm Melicope elleraa (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartle. Roal log. Petals 5 6 mm log, pik, pubescet iside. Stames 4, loger tha the Botaic Gardes & Domai Trust,, Sde petals." ~elleraa Russell-Smith, J./Lee, A.H.. Plat Populatios ad Mosoo Rai Forest i the Norther Territor, Australia. Biotropica. 24(4): North Australia Lad Maager. Fire resposes of Melicope elleraa Top Tropicals. Euodia elleraa, Melicope elleraa. Top Tropicals Botaical Garde, a.htm Co, B.J./Damas, K.Q.. Guide to trees of Papua New Guiea Harde, G.J. (ed.). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 2. 2d ed.. UNSW Press, Sde Co, B.J./Damas, K.Q.. Guide to trees of Papua New Guiea Harde, G.J. (ed.). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 2. 2d ed.. UNSW Press, Sde [Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio? No] "Appedix. Reproductive ad populatio size characteristics of 137 commo rai forest species i the Norther Territor, Australia" [Euodia elleraa: Vegetative Reproductio = 0; 0 = abset] [Miimum geerative time (ears)? 4+ ears] "First seeds: 6-10 ears"" [Miimum geerative time (ears)? 3 ears] "Although seedligs grow fast, ad ca flower after three ears, germiatio is ver sporadic ad ca take up to oe ear." [Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall? No] "Fruits: Ifrutescece arraged o brached axis, fruit mm log, mm diam., browish black, gre, or brow, ot spi, o-flesh, simple or aggregate (carpels joied at base), idehiscet (fruit splits icompletel ito dehiscet parts - mericarps), schizocarp; seeds 4 (gloss, black, 1 per carpel), about 10 mm log (7-8 mm log), ot wiged, arrow (loger tha wide), seed 1-10 mm diam. (c. 3 mm diam.)." [No evidece, ad o meas of exteral attachmet] [Propagules dispersed itetioall b people? Yes] "Ofte cultivated as a orametal tree " [Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat? No] "Fruits: Ifrutescece arraged o brached axis, fruit mm log, mm diam., browish black, gre, or brow, ot spi, o-flesh, simple or aggregate (carpels joied at base), idehiscet (fruit splits icompletel ito dehiscet parts - mericarps), schizocarp; seeds 4 (gloss, black, 1 per carpel), about 10 mm log (7-8 mm log), ot wiged, arrow (loger tha wide), seed 1-10 mm diam. (c. 3 mm diam.)." [No evidece, ad ot likel to be grow with commercial produce] [Propagules adapted to wid dispersal? No] "Cocci ovoid, 7-8 mm log, gre to brow; seeds shi, black." Prit Date: 8/5/2011 Melicope elleraa (Rutaceae) Page 6 of 7

7 Desigatio = Evaluate Co, B.J./Damas, K.Q.. Guide to trees of Papua New Guiea Wester Australia Herbarium. FloraBase - The Wester Australia Flora - Melicope elleraa. Departmet of Eviromet ad Coservatio, Harde, G.J. (ed.). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 2. 2d ed.. UNSW Press, Sde Co, B.J./Damas, K.Q.. Guide to trees of Papua New Guiea Harde, G.J. (ed.). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 2. 2d ed.. UNSW Press, Sde [Propagules adapted to wid dispersal? No] "Fruits: Ifrutescece arraged o brached axis, fruit mm log, mm diam., browish black, gre, or brow, ot spi, o-flesh, simple or aggregate (carpels joied at base), idehiscet (fruit splits icompletel ito dehiscet parts - mericarps), schizocarp; seeds 4 (gloss, black, 1 per carpel), about 10 mm log (7-8 mm log), ot wiged, arrow (loger tha wide), seed 1-10 mm diam. (c. 3 mm diam.)." [Propagules water dispersed? Potetiall] "Tree, 6 20 m high. Fl. white, pik, Nov Ja. Sad loam over sadstoe. Wet coditios, alog creeks & sprigs." [Distributio suggests propagules ma be dispersed alog water courses] [Propagules bird dispersed? Yes] "Ofte cultivated as a orametal tree ad spread b birds as a garde escape." [Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall)? No] "Fruits: Ifrutescece arraged o brached axis, fruit mm log, mm diam., browish black, gre, or brow, ot spi, o-flesh, simple or aggregate (carpels joied at base), idehiscet (fruit splits icompletel ito dehiscet parts - mericarps), schizocarp; seeds 4 (gloss, black, 1 per carpel), about 10 mm log (7-8 mm log), ot wiged, arrow (loger tha wide), seed 1-10 mm diam. (c. 3 mm diam.)." [No evidece, ad o meas of exteral attachmet] [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Presumabl es] "...spread b birds as a garde escape." WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2)? Ukow] Smith, N.J.C./Zahid, D.M./Ashwath, N./Midmore, D.J.. Seed ecolog ad successioal status of 27 tropical raiforest cabiet timber species from Queeslad. Forest Ecolog ad Maagemet. 256: [Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r)? Ukow. Delaed germiatio ma idicate some seed bak developmet] "Two earl secodar successioal species (Euodia elleraa, P. veulosum) have seeds that mature i witer. Germiatio staggered over ma weeks (Fig. 3) is likel to esure that some seeds ecouter favourable coditios for germiatio ad growth." WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Well cotrolled b herbicides? Ukow] No iformatio foud o chemical cotrol or herbicide efficac for this species North Australia Lad Maager. Fire resposes of Melicope elleraa Williams, P.R./Parsos, M./Jese, R./Tra, C.. Mechaisms of raiforest persistece ad recruitmet i frequetl burt wet tropical eucalpt forests. Austral Ecolog. doi: /j x:. [Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire? Yes] "Adult fire respose: Facultative resprouter (respose variable, depedig o coditios e.g. moisture ad fire itesit)...adult fire respose: Resprouter (<30% mortalit whe subject to 100% leaf scorch)" [Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire? Yes] "Of the 30 raiforest seedligs followed at Wallama Plot 7, 11 (i.e. 37%) survived beig burt 2 ears after germiatio b coppicig at the base of the stem from sub-soil buds. These resprouters were: 1 out 3 Guioa acutifolia, 3 out of 11 Melicope elleraa, 5 out 9 Polscias ellegas ad 2 out of 7 Solaum viridifolium seedligs." WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets)? Ukow] Prit Date: 8/5/2011 Melicope elleraa (Rutaceae) Page 7 of 7