Bituminous emulsion insulators are types of bituminous emulsions groups composed

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1 Available in: Iranian Jurnal f Plymer Science and Technlgy Vl. 2, N. 4, 544 OctberNvember 20 ISSN: Effect f SBS/HVS Blend n Mdificatin f Physical and Chemical Prperties f Bituminus Emulsin Insulatrs V. Haddadi* 1, E. Taghdir 2, M.A. Ghasri, B. Grji 4 1. Islamic Azad University, Islamshahre branch, P.O. Bx: 1569, Tehran, Iran 2. Islamic Azad University, Tehran Nrth branch, P.O. Bx: , Tehran, Iran. Islamic Azad University, Shahrereay Branch, P.O. Bx: , Tehran, Iran 4. Islamic Azad University, Tehran Suth Branch, P.O. Bx: 65445, Tehran, Iran ABSTRACT Received 22 August 20, accepted 5 Octber 20 Key Wrds: bituminus emulsin insulatr, SBS/HVS blend, bentnite, water cntent, physical and chemical prperties Bituminus emulsin insulatrs are types f bituminus emulsins grups cmpsed f different grades f bitumen emulsified in water by bentnite and emulsifiers at 8090 C. These emulsins are water resistant after drying and their physical and mechanical prperties are superir in cmparisn t bitumen prperties. Iranian climate, because f variety and extreme variatins in temperature impses high perfrmance insulatrs. Mdificatin f bitumen is cnsidered as ne f the mst practical applicatins f plymers t impart mre imprved prperties t bitumen. This investigatin invlved the study f plymers and resins such as SBS and heavy vacuum slps (HVS). Fr this purpse, the effect f each cmpnent f emulsins n the physical and chemical prperties f insulatrs was examined and sme insulatrs are made with mre imprved prperties. Mrever, the bitumen was mdified by styrenebutadienestyrene blcked cplymer (SBS) blends and HVS and their rles n the behavir f the emulsin were studied. The results shw that: 1 the bentnite cntent f the emulsin shuld nt be mre than %; 2 additin f SBS/HVS blend increased physical and chemical prperties (thermal stability, flexibility and adhesin); increased water cntent f the prductin prcess imprved the thermal stability and flexibility f the insulatrs, whereas it did nt s the stability f emulsin. Finally, it is fund that the best frmulatin must cntain: (1) bentnite with maximum cntent f %; (2) water cntent f 44% and () SBS/HVS blend f abut 7%. (*)T whm crrespndence shuld be addressed. v_hadadi@yah.cm

2 õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ºýíý üþ ìû~ Ž 2 {ù± ó ð»ã û ² çìþ ô ~ {ù± ó ºí ë ¾ñ~ôÝ }þ {ù± ó ð»ã û ² çìþ ô ~ çì»ù± â±ôû ºýíþ ¾ñ~ôÝ }þ 9651 ìœéú Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý ô õï ºí û 4 ¾ ú ± ìý }ú éýí±ÿ SBS ô SVH ± ¾ç õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ñ}õðý SVH/SBS ìý }ú Î üü ìõè ýõðþ üú Úý±ÿ ô û ø ÿ Þéý~ÿ Ÿßý~û : NSSI Ú ê }±¹ ð» ðþ: ri.ca.ippi.spij//:ptth * ì õë ìß {Œ ý ï ðã : mc.hay@idadah_v ÿ ìû ôì ²ü ± ± ô ü~ ÿ õž º~. º~ { Ö³ôó ± õ Á ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ õž ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ²ü Ÿ Œñ~âþ ìñ ìû~ ìý }ú ü~ 7% ù}±üò ô 44% {õèý~ ýò Ž ìû~ ~ Þ ± % ñ}õðý ìû~ ýò 9 { 44% ð} Ž º~û. íð ñ~ÿ ð} ü ú ì~û üò Ʊ ì» À ìþ ºõ ù}±üò Ž ¾~ ìû~ ù}±üò ñ ± üò ð~. ü~ ÿ ± ²ü ÿ ± ô ìþ ºõ Î üü ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ²ü ÿ Ö³ ü¼ ìþ ø~. Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ Ž ²ì ó {õèý~ { ~ô 44% ìõ ² ü ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ô ý ~ { Ÿ Œñ~âþ ìû~ }þ ô ü~ ÿ ±ì ðïç Ù ü±ÿ â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ ² ñ}õðý %. ì» À º~û Ö³ ü¼ ìý }ú SBS ô SVH ìû ü± % ñ}õðý } û ìœ ² ìû~ ý»}±üò Þú º~û ì» À ô ± þ üò {»ßýê øñ~û ³ ÿ ² üà ø± ³ ÿ {»ßýê øñ~û ô {ùýú Î üûþ õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ºýíý üþ ù}± º~û. ñ ± üò ± {à {à õ Á ± þ Ïþ SVH ²üò ô SBS éýí± Þ âý±ÿ ú µôø¼ üò ¾ç õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ºýíý üþ Úý±ø Þú ~üò ô ýéú ìþ {õ ó ÂÏØ ø ÿ ü º~û {Ûõü Þ±. ðù ² } û éýí±ø â }± û ý Þ ± ø ÿ ² üßþ ƱÖþ ². ì õ¹ ý»}± Þ üþ {ñõñ Ž ô øõ üþ ô ± õ ÿ ² â }±û ì üþ ý æ Æõë ë ü }þ ºŒ ðú ô² ðý ² ú Î üûþ èýê ú ü± ó Þ»õ ðý. æ ì üþ â }±û ìû ôì ± ÿ ìñ ºýíý üþ ô Öý³üßþ õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ìß ðýßþ ù}±ÿ ð Œ ú Úý± ð» ó ìþ øñ~. ì ô õ üò ì³ ü Î üü üœ º~û ÿ õ Á ô º~û ìû ôï Ž ð õ ± ± º~ó»à ² Î üü ø üò ìþ ºõð~. {Œ~üê ð±ìþ ì }éø ú ô Çú Þññ~û ÿ øî Ÿõó ñ}õðý ì ÿ ~ Þ ± 08 { C 09 Ž ú ì ÿ ô ð õ ú Úý±ø üþ ðù Þú ìõè ýõðþ ð~ Úý±ø ÿ íéú ² Úý±ÿ üú ìõè ýõðþ Î üü ø ÿ ü Ö : 1/5/98 ü±½: 1/7/98 4 {ù± ó ð»ã û ² çìþ ô ~ {ù± ó ñõž ¾ñ~ôÝ }þ }þ ¾ñ~ôÝ ºù± ÿ ô ~ çìþ ² ð»ã û {ù± ó ô ý~ ~ ÿ1 * èù ï {Û~ü± 2 ì í~  èú Úéþ Ú ±ÿ ñ»ú â± þ4 ºýíý üþ Î üü ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ üú Úý±ÿ

3 Þññ~û ÿ øî Ÿõó ñ}õðý ì ÿ ~ Þ ± 08 { C 09 Ž ú ðù Úý±ø üþ ú ð õ ô ì ÿ ð±ìþ ì }éø ú ô Çú ø ÿ ü~ ÿ üà Î ìê {»ßýê øñ~û õï ð~ Þú 02 ì}óý± ]4[. ÛýÛ m { 1/0 ² ðý³ ðù ìïéü ÚDZ º~û ó ~ô Ï {±ÞýŒ Úý± Ú± â±ö øí± û â±ôû ø ÿ Ö±ìõë O 2 Hn. 2 )HO( O 4 is 2 )gm,la( /0 )ac,an( Þú ú Î üü ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ üú Úý±ÿ ² íéú Úý±ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ ð~ Þú ðý. ì õë üò {õèý~þññ~â ó ± ÿ ùœõ Úý±ÿ ý ±ø³üñú õ û ô ìõ ü±½ ì ðú ø üò ² } û ì. º~û ô û ìõè ýõðþ Úý±ø ÿ {õèý~ Þññ~û Ž ìþ ºõ ] 9[. ºßê 1 ðí ÿ Þéþ {±ÞýŒ ü± Þíà ú ô Úý± {»ßýê øñ~û ²üò ø ÿ ô è}ñþ ô ýéú SBS ì ÿ C 081 ¾ç º~û ô ²ì ðþ Þú Ï ê Þéõüý~ÿ ±Î ø ÿ ²ü õ ]8[. üò ô½ }~ Úý± ú ý Ž ü øíãò ² ² } û øî Ÿõó ô½ ø üþ ² ü~ ø Þññ~û ø ÿ Þ {ýõðþ ðý³ } û º~. ± ÿ {õèý~ üò ðõñ ² ô â± ð±ôÿ Þ ø¼ øñ~û {±ÞýŒ øî Ÿõó üã±ÿ {±ÞýŒ æ{ß ô SBS ø ÿ Úý±ÿ ± þ º~ Þú üò Ʊ ² ÚŒýê ² Ö³ô ðþ ø ² ì }é þ ðõ Ñ ôèýò ± ÿ 6691 ë Ú éý Î üü Ö³ ü¼ ø~. ô ýéú Ÿñýò éýí±ø üþ ¾ç º~û ô ú ìþ {õ ð~ ðù Ö}ú Þ ìõè ýõðþ üú Úý±ÿ ðý³ ² üò Ú Î~û ì } ñþ ðý }ñ~. ú Æõ ÿ Þú Úý± ú Î üü ø ÿ ìþ ºõ. Úý± ]7[ õü üþ õ Á ô ]6[ Þ üþ ú Ö³ ü¼ ºõ. ± ÿ ì ë éýí±ø ÿ ðïç Ù ü±ÿ øî Ÿõó SBS ìõ â }± û ÿ } û ìû ü± ðù ² {ñ¼ ± ± ì õæ ìû ôì ìñ ± ú Ö± éýí±ø ìõ º~û { ± ÿ Ö³ ü¼ Þ üþ ô õ Á. ü Ö}ú ôüµû ÿ ý üã û ¾ñ üð {í ï {Û±üŒ _ éýí±ø ýõ }ò ìœ~ ìïéü ]5[. ì±ô²û } û ô ú Þ âý±ÿ øî ú ² éõâý±ÿ ì û üò ðû¼ ìþ ºõð~. ð ìý~û Þññ~û Úùõû ÿ ðä ð~ Þú â± ð±ôÿ ðù ~ô ô ðþ ºý± { ìú ì}óý± ô ý ë ø üþ ø }ñ~ Úý± ¾~ 04 { 08 ôÿ Þú ø üþ Þéþ {íú Îíê }çé ìïéü ú ±Î ú øî ìþ ýõð~ð~ ][. ú Æõ ì Ä ú ô ð ü~ üò ì øñ~. {»ßýê ì üð üã± ]2[. Ž ô ôòò ðý³ ìþ {õ ðñ~ è }çé ì üð ðõñ üà ý ü³ {ÏéýÜ è ]1[. º~ Œ ìßþ üò ¾ñÏ õ û. ôèýò Úý± ë 2291 {õ È øýõ èò {õèý~þññ~â ó ô µôø»ã± ó {õ ú ìõ ü± ² ² º~ º}ú â±ì üþ ìû~ìú {õèý~ Î üü ìõè ýõðþ Þú Ú éý ìû ôì ± ± {ñ¼ ø ÿ ±ì üþ ô ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 Î üü ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ ² Ÿ ø ÿ æ{ß üú þ } û ìþ ºõ ìß ðýßþ ô Öý³üßþ õ Á Ö³ ü¼ ô ýõ }ú æüú üà üœ ± ÿ C 0 ô ~ Þ ± ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ðù ±ì ÿ C 0. ú Æõ Îí~û MTSA D 5972 } ð~ ìç Ü ìõè ýõðþ Î üü ø ÿ ² ðõñ Þ ±ø ô }þ {õèý~þññ~â ó ø }ñ~ ]81[. ~ Þ ± ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ üò ì ýè ²ü ²ì ó {õ ú ìõ ý ì±ô²û ø }ñ~ èþ çë ø ÿ Ú± ð~ ]71[. ² õÿ üã± ² ó Þú Î üü ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ Ö Ú~ Úý± ìß ðýßþ ô Öý³üßþ õ Á ± { Þ ìç_ ðù ìß ðýßþ ô Öý³üßþ ë ú èýê üò Þú ¾éþ {±üò {±Þý üò Î üü ø Úý± õ Á üò ]61 51[. ìþ øñ~ ð» ó Úý± ú ð Œ ù}±ÿ ìß ðýßþ ô Öý³üßþ Î üü ø ²»à º~ó ± ± ð õ Ž ìû ôï º~û ô õ Á üò ][. } û Ú ê ðý³ Îí± ðþ ¾ñ üð ô èõèú ø õº¼ ø ÿ Þ± ] 1[. üò Î üü Þéýú ì ðú ø ÿ Â~ õ âþ ± ÿ ì ë ²ü } û ô Þî ºý ø ÿ ï ø ÿ Þéýú ðù ² }õ ó Þú ìþ ºõ Þ ±ÿ ô ð õû } û ó ô ø³üñú Þî {õèý~ üò Î üü ø Œ ][. ìþ Þññ~ Îíê õ þ ú ðý³ â±ì ô Â~¾~ Î üü ø ÿ Îñõ ó ú º~û ô Ö³ôó ± Ö³ ü¼ ô ï ô ì ð~â ÿ }ò ± ± {Óýý± ì ][ ì éõé ýí ó }ò }þ ú þ ð~ üú Î üü ø üò Þú ó ² ìþ ºõð~ ][. ü ñ}õðý ø ÿ Þé ýî }ú ñ~ÿ Òý±ì}õ ï ñ}õðý ø ÿ ~üî º~û. ñ}õðý ú ô ðõñ ñ}õðý ø ÿ ì}õ ï ü ñ}õðý ø ÿ {»ßýê íß}ý â±ôû Þ ðþ ø ÿ ü ìõ üéõðý ìõð ² Îí~û Æõ ô üõìýñä ì±üß â±ö}ú º~û. ñ}õðý üà Öýéõ ýéýß èõìýñýî ô û ñ}õðý ² ¾Çç ì éþ ºýê ø ÿ ñ}õó ô ÚÐ ü æ ìþ ºõð~. {Œ~üê ºßê 1 ðí ÿ Þéþ ô ~ {õèý~ Úý±ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ ð ýõ }ú ]6[. μ 7

4 )spls muucav yvaeh( â± ð±ôÿ Úý± ú º~ Þ ø¼ û º~û ô ì ÿ C 08 â±ï º~û ô õ ñ}õðý ú ó  Öú º~. ² }çé Þ ìê Ž ô ñ}õðý ) ~ô nim { h 1( Úý± ü Úý± ¾ç º~û ± ÿ {ùýú üò Î üü ø ì»ßê ìõ ú ºõð~. ñ ú æüê â }ú º~û {Ï~ {õèý~þññ~â ó Þ ± Þú º~û ìõ ²ü Þ üþ Î üü ø üþ ú ü þ 5972 D MTSA ô D MTSA â }±û ì üþ 0 { C 0 {õèý~ º~û ü± ó â }±û ì üþ 0 { C 08 ð~. ì } ð~ ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ Î üü ø ÿ Þéýú ô ð»~û {ϱüØ Î üü ø ðõñ üò ± ÿ mpr 008 ðœ ï º~. â±ï ðú ±ô ðú 02 èý}±ÿ â }±û ì üþ 52 { SBS {ùýú º~û ² º±Þ llehs ð ï {œ ÿ DntarK ì» üò µôø¼ ² Úý± 07/06 ì ÿ ð±ìþ C 15 )ìç Ü ~ôë 1( {ùýú C 081 {ùýú º~û ² º±Þ Æ ²ì ô }ã û í¼ ±ì â }±û ì üþ 52 { C 02 º±Þ ý ú Þ â±ö}ú º~. æü»ã û á ì» ~ôë 1 ô ðí ÿ Þéþ ºßê 2 ô Þõ éýí± {õèý~ yvaeh( muucav )spls SVH ô ó Þññ~û ü± ó ü º~û ² º±Þ â {ù± ó ñ}õðý Þé ýî {õèý~ÿ º±Þ ì~ôë )2 mm/f gk( â± ð±ôÿ ýñí {ýà C 0 )tsc( ð õ ü±ÿ C 52 )mm 1/0( Ÿß¼ õ ÿ C 52 )mc( ð çë ü±ÿ ECT )% tw( Úý±07/ /0 99/ SVH ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 Ö± ô øî Ÿñýò ÿ ð} ü Îíéþ ý õ þ ¾ñÏ. éýí±ÿ Úý± ô ðý³ ² ðë± Ö±ìõë ñ~ÿ ˆú º~û ìñ ± ú {õ²üð ô Þ âý±ÿ ú ô½ ðë± ² Ʊ üò ð} ü º~. ì» À {à {à ³ ÿ ìõö ± ± Þý ý Î üü ± þ ô Ö±ìõë ñ~ÿ ø ÿ ùýñú ± µôø¼ üò øñ~. ð» ó ù}±ÿ ìû ôì â±ì üþ ô ±ì üþ â }±û {Óýý± ì üþ Î üü ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ ºõ { ± ± {ñ¼ ø ÿ ô ýð {±º~ó ìõ ð}ýœú ºõ. ó º~ó ðþ ìõ Þõ éýí± SBS ú ð ï DntarK ô }çé üà ±½ ð }þ ú ð ï SVH ø~ù ² µôø¼ ± üò Þú } û ² ¾~ø ÿ ý Þî ø~. Þ ø¼ ìõè ýõðþ Î üü ø ÿ {õèý~ ¹ ìþ ºõ Þú Ö³ ü¼ õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ìß ðýßþ ø³üñú ø ÿ Ö±ìõë ñ~ÿ ø üþ ü ô½ ø ú ðý ² ð}ýœú. Þ± û {ϱüØ â }± û {± ² üò ìû~. Ö³ôó ± üò ü± ó øý } ð~ ÿ ì ý {Óýý± ü± ó Úéýíþ º± üè Þú èþ C { ìþ Þññ~ Þú Þ üþ õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ìß ðýßþ ðù ÖÛÈ â }±û ì üþ {ùýú ìõè ýõðþ Î üü ø ÿ Î üü {õèý~þññ~û º±Þ ø ÿ ² ì ~ô ÿ Î üü ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ ] 22[ ô øî Ÿñýò ø³üñú ²ü ìõ ôèýú ± ÿ ÂÏýØ ìß ðýßþ ô Öý³üßþ õ Á º~û } û Ö±ìõë ñ~ÿ ø ÿ {õ ú ú ìç è ý ó º~û ý º~ü~ Þý ý ðù ú ]12[. ì»ßê ² ô ôüµû Ö³ ü¼ â± ð±ôÿ ²üò Úý±ÿ( ø }ñ~ Þú ¾ñÏ ý ±ø³üñú ) ú ²ü ý ±Î ø ÿ øî ²ó ø ÿ ² } û ðý ²ìñ~ {õèý~þññ~â ó ð çë Úý± éýí±ÿ Ž ú ô Çú ² ü â± ð±ôÿ ì»ßê ìþ ² ²üò Úý±ÿ ü éýí±ø ÿ ² } û Þú ó ² ìþ ºõ. Ž ó éýí±ø ÿ ìïíõë üã± ìõ Ö³ ü¼ â± ð±ôÿ Úý± ô Úý±ø ¾ç º~ ý ó Þú øí ó Æõ üã± õÿ ² ]02[. ìþ ø~ ðý ô Ö³ôó ± ó ²ì ó»à º~ó Î üü { ~ô ²ü ÿ Ö³ ü¼ ¾±Öú ú ìû±ôó Ú} ÿ ðë± ² Þú Þ± } û ý»}±ÿ ²üò ìû~ ìþ {õ ó ðœ ï. ì ± ÿ Ö³ ü¼ ý»}± Þ üþ üò Î üü ø ü~ ² ðý³ ìïíõèþ ý øî ²ó ø ÿ Þ üò ô ìþ ºõð~ ì éõé º~û {õèý~ ]91[. üò ²üò ø ú èýê üò Þú üú þ ø }ñ~ ú }þ ºßê 2 } Þéþ ô Ò è ìõèßõë SVH ]42[. ðíõðú ø üà ʱ٠1 èý}±ÿ ú ìû~ Lm 005 {ùýú º~. }~ Ž { {ùýú ðíõðú ô½ ø Îíê }çé ú ô ýéú üà øî ²ó Îíõ ÿ ìïíõèþ ±Î º~. } û 2 ~ôë ì~û ìõ ô }ã û ø {œ± þ ðûçú º}Ï ë )C ( ì ÿ ð±ï º~ó )C ( ²ìõó ~ôë 1 ì» ìõ ð }þ ôèýú } û º~û. 8

5 ô²ó ìõèßõèþ)lm/g( Ÿã èþ {õ û )md/gk( â± ð±ôÿ ì éõë C 52 {õèõˆò w% 52 )s.ap( 0/20/0 4/ /0 ôó }õ ðú ì~ ž ± º}ú ô ºý»ú Î ü }ú º~ ô â±ï ðú ±ô ðú ì ÿ C 61 ú ì~ h ðãú ÿ º~. ² ± º~ó { }õ ðú ì~ ž Lm 002 ü }ú ô ì ÿ ìïíõèþ ú ì~ ñ ô² üà ² 0 Lm ü~ ÿ ²ìõó ðœ ï ± ÿ ±Î ±ü ó ì Ž C 002 ô gk 5 )nim /g( ìû~ 088 9/2 Ž ìûç± C 52 Ú± â±ö. ² ó ì è¼ ï ôÿ ðíõðú ø 42 h ì~ ú ø± ² º~û {ùýú ðíõðú ø ÿ ² üã± ðíõðú ñ î ô ² ðë± ºß }ãþ ô {±á ± þ º~ð~. è Î~ï ì» ø~û üò º~. ² üò ²ì ó ðíõðú ø ú ô üà ìýéú ú ÚDZ mc 5 ì~ s 5 û Ú± 51 ú C }~ üþ ì ÿ ±ì í¼ }ã û 2 h ì~ ± ÿ ²ìõó ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ±ì ñ ðíõðú üã± ² ø± º~. Œ â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ ì ÿ Îñõ ó ú ÚŒéþ ì ÿ º±û ô { ôë ì ÿ C ý¼ ² ì ÿ ÚŒéþ {ñëýî ô è ì» ø~û ø±âõðú ðú â±ï º~û ü ìï ü ì» ø~û Î~ï è º~ð~. ± þ Þ± ó C 06 {ñëýî º~. ² â º h 2 ðíõðú ø ² ðë± ô º±û ôÿ â±ï ðú ì ÿ }~ º~. û ÿ ±ô ðú â±ï ðú Îíõ ÿ ± ÿ ²ìõó ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ñ ðíõðú ² ø± ú Æõ º~. ðãú ÿ 05 ì ÿ C ~ô h 42( ðíõðú ø ú ì~ nim 06 üà â±ï ðú ±ô ðú ) º~ó»à ² º~. Îí ë mc Ï ô mm 2/0 Â ì º~û  ì mm 2 ô Ï mc ôÿ ð³ û ¾ ú éœþ ú {õèý~ ø ÿ ² üà ø± ²ìõó ø üò ðœ ï ± ÿ â±ö. ðœ ï Ž ) ºõð~âþ ìœ~ ( ìç Ü } ð~ D MTSA ± ± ìû ôì ô ±ì ðïç Ù ü±ÿ â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ ²ìõó ø ÿ ²ìõó ø C 5±081 ì éõé ô ú ì éõé Ž ô ñ}õðý  Öú ìþ ºõ. ʱ٠~ â ðú ÿ ÚŒç_ Úý± ¾ç Þññ~û ø ÿ SBS ô SVH ì ÿ Úý± ¾ç ± ÿ ºõ. øî ² û 1 h ì~ ú ì øíýò ì éõé Þú ì ÿ ó C 09 { Œý º~û ú ó  Öú ô ²û û º~ ìû~ éþ }ý±ó )m%( }þ ºõ A )s 0( ì õá ô²ó ² ü Æõë { âþ)%( } ß ï Þ»»þ )apm( %00)aPM( ì~ôë ¾ý ~ôë 2 ì» éýí± DntarK. 0/50/ 5 8/1 1 ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 ü~ ÿ ô ìû ôì â±ì üþ ²ü {±ÞýŒ ìï~ðþ øî Ÿõó ñ}õðý {Óýý± ìû~ ñ}õðý Þî. èýê üò {Óýý± ìþ {õ ó ú ð Œ â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ {Óýý± ì» À ô õ üò ìþ ü ~. ì» ø~û ìþ ºõ Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ñ}õðý ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ Ö³ ü¼ ìþ ². ðí ü ó º~ó»à ² ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ô {õ ú ô Ú ú ðíõ ø ÿ ô 4 ± ìû~ ñ}õðý ± ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ. ì~û ~ôë ²ìõó ø ôÿ ðù ðœ ï º~ Þú ð} ü ²ìõó ø ºßê ø ÿ ô 4 ô ðíõðú ø ì û ²ÿ ² º~. } û ñ}õðý ì }éø ìû~ ø ÿ 07/06 ð Œ ø ÿ ì }éø Ž ì éõé º~. üò Ú í ² Úý± ñ}õðý Þññ~û ìû~ ùýñú ²ÿ ô ± ± þ ± ÿ }~ ø üþ Úý± 07/06 ô Úý± ¾ç º~û {Û ýî Þ±. }ú ô ú ìþ {õ ó µôø¼ üò º~û {ùýú ðíõðú ø ÿ ð} ü ô Þú {Œ ý± ìþ ºõ. ì ð~û ì» ø~û ìþ ºõ Ÿ± Þú ¼ æüþ ÿ ìû~ ý»}±ÿ ² Ž Úþ ô²ó ²ü ÿ { ô Ž {Œ ý± ô ì~ ž }õ ðú üò üýò ô æ ¼ ø ÿ üýò }õ ðú ì~ ž Ú± ìþ âý±. ðíõðú ± ÿ ² Ú í ¼ æ ô Úý± Ž Þú ºßéþ ú º~û ôö ² ²ì ðþ Ö ¾éú üò â±ö ]2[. è}þ Þú ² ü~ ÿ ìñ ± õ 𜠺~ Ú± Î üü ü~ ÿ ìïý ô º~û ð~ ²û âý±ÿ ô²ó ø { ô ì ýè ì ÿ ðãú ÿ º~. 2 ðíõðú ~ô Lm ² æ ô üýò ²ìõó ü~ ÿ ìû ôì ± ± ± þ º~. º~. ± ÿ ²ìõó ìû ôì ± ± Ž ìç Ü } ð~ D MTSA Œ ±ì ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ì ÿ Îñõ ó ú ý»ýò ì ÿ {±á ì» ø~û ìõ }ã û ì ÿ C 5 Þí}± ² ì ÿ ý»ýò {ñëýî ô è 9

6 ü~ ÿ Þí}± ² 1% }çù ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 ºßê 4 ± ìû~ ñ}õðý ôÿ ìû ôì ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ±ì ÿ.. ± þ ~ôë ü~û ìþ ºõ Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ñ}õðý ý»}± ² ìþ ºõ Þú üò º± üè ü~ ÿ ú ôï øíý Ú± Ž ± ± ìû ôì Þ ø¼ ô ó ìœ~ º~ó ìõ ó ìû~ Þî Þññ~û ìõ ìñ ô ìû~ ²ü ²ü±. ± õ ý»}±ÿ øíý ² Ž ± ± ìû ôì ìý ó ü~ ÿ ô ìû ôì ± ± Ž ðý³ ô û º~û Þú üò ~ôë ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ô â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ ²ìõó ø ÿ ² â º}ú ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ó {Óýý± Ÿñ~ ðþ ð õ ø~. â±ì üþ ìõö ± ô ü~ ÿ ± Þíþ ~ô { ÖÛÈ ñ}õðý ìû~ ý± ) ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ô ðïç Ù ü±ÿ( ìç Ëú ìþ ºõ Ö³ ü¼ üò ô ²ìõó ð~ ð~. ì {±ü ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ²ü ÿ ± ìû èú( ðíþ ø~ )ºßê 4( ²ü± {±ÞýŒ ìï~ðþ ) â }±û ˆú º~û üò Ö³ ü¼ Ÿñ~ ó ±ì ± ± Î üü ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ñ}õðý Ö³ ü¼ ñ}õðý ô Úý± ðý³ ² üò Ú Î~û ì } ñ ðý. Ö³ôó ± üò {±Þý ô ìþ ø~ Ö³ ü¼ ~ô ÿ { ð }ñþ ô éýí±ÿ {±ÞýŒ Òé ô õ Þ±. Ÿ± Þú Ö³ ü¼ {±ÞýŒ ìï~ðþ ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ºßê ± ìû~ ñ}õðý ôÿ ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ. 7 E 6 E E 5 4 E E 2 E E E E E E E E E E 7 6 E E 5 4 E E 2 E E 1 7 E E 6 5 E E 4 E E 2 1 E E 7 6 E E 5 4 E E 2 E E 1 ðíõðú ñ}õðý )%( / / /25 5/ / / / / / / / /25 Ž )%( ìû ôì ± ± Ž ~ôë ì éõé Úý± 07/06 Ž ô ñ}õðý. ü~ ÿ 2% }çù ü~ ÿ 40

7 ±Ú± ÿ ±øî Þñ¼ ø ÿ èß}±ô } {ýßþ ô { ~ô ý Þíþ ìþ Þñ~. SVH ðý³ ì ðñ~ üà ~ ô È ± ÚÇŒþ õ ¼ ø ÿ Úý± {õ²üð ìþ ºõ Þú {Œ~üê ú ìõèßõë ø üþ Æõë ²ðœý± Þ± º~û ( ]42[ ô ì éõé {õèý~ º~û ¾~ø ÿ 1 5 ô 7 ú Úý±  Öú º~. SBS üà éýí± Òý±ÚÇŒþ Þú üœ ðý±ôø ÿ èß}±ô } {ýßþ ²ôø ÿ Òý±ÚÇŒþ SVH )ºßê 2( üœ ±øî Þñ¼ 57/52 øî ìý }ú º~ð~ ) ~ Þ ± ìû~ {õ²üð SBS SVH ð Œ ì }é þ ² SBS ô SVH ú  Öú º~. ú ìñëõ ðþ ìû ü± % ìï ë ñ}õðý ìû~ ðãú º}ò Ï~ ì± éú ÚÇŒþ ìõèßõë ø ÿ è}ñþ Úý± üœ ±øî Þñ¼ ìþ Þñ~ ô ú üò ºßê ± þ ô {õ²üð ìñ SBS Úý± }~ SBS ô SVH ð Œ â± ð±ôÿ Úý± ðë± â±ö ô {õ ú ú ð Œ SBS ô SVH ìý }ú )7%( ù}± ðí ü ó º~û. èýê üò ì± {õ ú ú ð Œ SBS ô SVH SBS Î Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ý»}±ÿ ² SVH ô Þ ø¼ â± ð±ôÿ ìþ ºõ ²ü± Ö³ ü¼ ìý }ú SBS ô SVH ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ô ìý }ú )57/52( Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ SBS ± Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ìý }ú ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ú õ þ ùœõ ü Ö}ú ô üò ~ü~û ¾~ø ÿ ²ü )57/52( ì» À Þú Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ìý }ú ± ÿ Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ֱŠüò Þú ô ó Þññ~û SVH }õ ó ú Îñõ ó Î ìê Þ ø¼ øñ~û Þú ðù ü ìõ Ö³ ü¼ ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ô ðïç Ù ü±ÿ øñã ìþ Þú üò éýí± ô½ ü º~û SVH ô Úý± {õ²üð ìþ ºõ ø }ñ~. ðý³ ²ü ÿ ý Þ» ðþ ô ðïç Ù ÿ ð~ ²ü ÿ â±ì üþ. éýí± SBS ² íéú éýí±ø üþ Þú ô õ ó Þú ìû ôì ì~û 6 ô 5 ºßê ø ÿ {±{ý ú ø ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ô â±ì üþ ± }çé ¾~ø ÿ ì }éø ² ìý }ú SBS ô SVH ± ìû ôì ìþ ºõ. ìõèßõë ø ÿ SVH ô Úý± ú }þ ú ô ýéú ñ}õðý øí± û Úý± éýí± üò Öý³üßþ ô èß}±ô } {ýßþ ±øî Þñ¼ ø ÿ ìþ ºõ. Þí}± ¾~ ý Þíþ ² éýí± SBS ì ÿ C 081 }~ SVH ô ìþ ². ìíßò {± ô {± Úý± SBS {õ²üð ô Çú Îñõ ó ú Ö³ ü¼ SBS ô SVH ú ñ}õðý ú Æõ ðë± â±ö}ú ìþ ºõ.. ñ ± üò ± ÿ ü± ²ì ü¼ ø ÿ üò µôø¼ ìû~ ùýñú )%( % ð»õ Ž ± ± Î üü ìû ôì Þ ø¼ ìõ Þú ñ}õðý ìû~ ìû~ ùýñú ÿ ± ÿ ñ}õðý ú ü~. ì± Ïú ú ~ôë ý»}±üò ü~ ìþ ºõ Ž ± ± Î üü ìû ôì Þ ø¼ ìõ õ éõ ÿ ðïç Ù ü±ÿ Î üü üœ ðíþ Þñ~ ô Ž ²ü Ž } ô â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ Îí~û ÿ ùœõ ñ}õðý ìû~ Ö³ ü¼ Þú Þ± û ô Î Þ ø¼ ìû ôì Î üü ºõ. ² ó Ž Ç ² Ž ìû~ ÿ Ç þ Ž ô èß}±ô } {ýà ðý±ôø ÿ ìõ ìþ ºõ Þú ²»à º~ó ú ô Çú Ž Ž º~ ú Þú ñ}õðý øî Ÿõó Þññ~û ÿ ìû~ Ž ü~ ÿ ô ì ð~â ÿ ý»}±ÿ ú ìþ ø~. ì Ö³ ü¼ Úý± ù}± {õ²üð èýê ú ñ}õðý ìû~ Ö³ ü¼ ø±ÿñ~ ìþ ø~. % }í ë Î üü ²»à º~ó Ö³ ü¼ ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 ±ì ÿ. ºßê 6 ± ìû~ ìý }ú SVH/SBS ôÿ ìû ôì ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ðý³ ± õ Á Öý³üßþ ô ºýíý üþ üò Î üü ø ± ²ü ÿ. ðß}ú Ú ê {õ ú ø ÿ ü º~û üò Þú ìû~ Ž º~. õ ø~ ù}± {õ²üð ìõ øî ² ðù ü Þú º~û ô õ Á Öý³üßþ ó ¾ç Þ± û. Ö³ôó ± üò õ þ ðý³ õ ø~ õ. üò ìçé ðíõ ºßê ø ÿ 5 ô 6 Œ º~û ìþ ºõ Ö³ôó ± ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ìñ ÿ ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ý Úý± éýí±ÿ ¾ê üò ² Þú ìõè ýõðþ ð}ýœú ìþ Þñ~. èû ðý³ éýí±ÿ ºýíý üþ üò õ Á Þ» ðþ ô ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ú ìý }ú ô Úý± ºßê 5 ± ìû~ ìý }ú SVH/SBS ôÿ ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ.

8 ºßê7 {Óýý± ìû ôì â±ì üþ ð Œ ú {Óýý± ìû~ ìç Ëú º~ Þú ý¼ ô ²»à º~ó ÿ è {õ²üð ìñ Úý± éýí±ÿ ìõ {õ²üð ù}± éýí± ô Ž ô ¾ç Þññ~û SBS. ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 ü~ ÿ ðý³ ôÿ ðíõðú ø ÿ Úý± éýí±ÿ ðœ ï Ž ± ± ìû ôì ²ìõó ø ÿ ø üò ý»}± ± þ ± ÿ {õ²üð ¾ç Þññ~û ù}± ìþ Þñ~ ] 2[. üßñõ {± ô º~û {õèý~ Î üü â± ð±ôÿ Þ ø¼ ô Ž { õ Á éýí± ý»}± Ê ø± ºõ. ñ ± üò Ö³ ü¼ º~û Œ ì± üò ìþ ºõ. {õ²üð ù}± éýí±ÿ Úý± ð}ýœú ðíõðú ø ÿ â± ð±ôÿ ó ú º~ Þ ø¼ ìþ ø~ ô Ž ìû~ Ö³ ü¼ º~. õ ø~ ìõè ýõðþ Î üü ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ô â±ì üþ ìõ {õ²üð ù}± Úý± éýí±ÿ ºõ Î Ö³ ü¼ ü~ ÿ ðõîþ ú Þú Î ìéþ ø± ñ ± üò ]52[. ìþ Þññ~ üœ õ ýò ý»}±ÿ Ú± ìþ âý±ð~ Þú üœ Ç {í ¹ ý»}± ðý±ôÿ èß}±ô } {ýßþ Þñ üà üã± ù}± ÞõŸà {± Ï üò º~ó»à ²ì ó ± üò Ï Úý± éýí±ÿ º~û ú º~ Þ ø¼ ìþ ü ~ ô Ö³ôó ìþ ºõ. ìý }ú éýí±ÿ õ Á ù}± {õ²üð ð}ýœú ðíþ Þñ~. ² ó Þú ìý }ú éýí±ÿ SVH/SBS Úý± {õ²üð º~û üœ ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ²ü ÿ {Óýý± ìû~ üò ² ý¼ Ž Ö³ ü¼ ô ðïç Ù ü±ÿ Î üü ìõè ýõðþ ²»à º~ó Ö³ ü¼ ìþ ø~ 54% { Ž ìû~ Ö³ ü¼ ìþ ºõ ü~û ìþ ø~. ð» ó éýí±ÿ ìý }ú ± ìû~ Ž ± ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ìû~ ø ÿ ì }éø 8 ºßê ìþ ü ~. Ö³ ü¼ ²ü ÿ {Û±üŒ _ ºý â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ ð» ó ìþ ø~. üò ðíõ ìç Ëú ìþ ºõ Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ Ž éýí±ÿ ìý }ú ì }éø ìû~ ø ÿ â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ ± Ž ìû~ Ž ðíõðú ø ÿ {ùýú º~û ìõ ± þ Ú± â±ö. ºßê 7 ± ± ± ìû ôì ô {ÏéýÜ( ) ü~ ÿ ü~ ÿ ìõè ýõðþ Î üü ú üò èýê ± ìû~ Ž ± ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ ðïç Ù ü±ÿ Ö³ôó ± ²ìõó ø ÿ {õ¾ýø º~û ðíõðú ø ÿ 7% ² ìý }ú SBS Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ Ž {õ ýú Þ±. }í ë Ö³ ü¼ èýê ìþ {õ ó }þ ú ÛýÛ üò ü±ö}ò ìþ ºõð~. ýò ìõèßõèþ Þí}±ÿ ô ± ± {ñ¼ ø ÿ Ž ú }þ ðý±ôø ÿ ÿ Þññ~û Þñ éýí±ÿ Úý± ÞõŸà {ñ¼ ø ÿ ìõèßõë ø ÿ Ž ý ý»}±ÿ ð» ó ìþ øñ~. ñ ± üò ~ÿ Þú ± ± { ]62[ ìþ ºõ ó ± ü±ÿ Ö³ ü¼ ô Úý± ìõèßõèþ ÞõŸà õ ó Úý± éýí±ÿ ìõ Þ ø¼ ð œ ï ô ðý±ôø ÿ ýò üò ± Ö³ôó ø }ñ~. Î üü ìœ~ º~ó ô Ž ±øî Þñ¼ Þñ üà üã± Ú± ìþ âý±ð~ ô üò Þññ~û ø ù}±üò }± ± ÿ ó Ʊ Ù Þññ~û ø ÿ øí± û üò ìþ ºõ»à ²ü ÿ Þññ~û Æú ìþ Þñ~ )ºßê 9(. ²ì ðþ Þú Úý± éýí±ÿ {Ï~ üò ² ÞõŸà û ø± ô º~û éýí±ÿ Ö³ ü¼ Ž ô Þ ø¼ â± ð±ôÿ ìõ Þ ø¼ Ï Úý± º~ ý ó ý»}± Þú øí ó Æõ ðíþ Þñ~. ²ü ÿ {Óýý± ôð~ üò SBS Ö³ ü¼ ìþ ø~. ó Ÿñ ó Þú ì» À Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ìý }ú º~ó»à ² ìœ~ º~ó }í ë 44% Ö³ôó ± üò ² ð} ü ~ôë 4 ìç Ëú ìþ ºõ Ö³ ü¼ Ž ý¼ ². Þññ~û ü ñ}õðý Î ìê ±â ± ü~ ÿ Î üü ø ÿ ìõè ýõðþ ìû~ ð» ó ìþ ø~ {ñù ~ôë ðù ìû ü ú ô ð} ü üò ± þ ðíþ ºõ. ìõè ýõðþ üß ó ô {Óýý± ìû~ Ž {Óýý±ÿ ó ìç Ëú ü~ ÿ ÿ º~û {õèý~ ðíõðú ø ÿ {í ï ìþ ºõ ìç Ëú ~ôë üò â±ö Þú ð} ü ó ~ôë 4 ì~û. øí ó Æõ Þú }õó ± ô ¾ç Þññ~û SBS. ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ð Œ ú {Óýý± ìû~ Ž {Óýý± 8 ºßê 42

9 )%(SBS ìœ~ º~ó ð»~ó ð»~ó ð»~ó ð»~ó ð»~ó ü~ ÿ Þí}± ² 1% }çù øî Ÿñýò Ö³ ü¼ ìý }ú SBS ô SVH ìû~ ø ÿ % ñ}õðý ºõ. ð} Ž ü~ % ó ùýñú ìû~ ìþ ø~ Ö³ ü¼ â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ {Óýý± ìû~ çë ü SVH (. ² üò ô ù}±üò ¾~. ú Æõ ÿ Þú Ö³ ü¼ ìû~ ó ²ì ó {õèý~ ü~ ÿ ìû~ Ÿ Œñ~âþ { ~ ý ²ü ÿ Ö³ ü¼ ìþ ø~. ñ ± üò Ö³ ü¼ }þ ô ü~ ÿ ±ì ðïç Ù ü±ÿ â±ì üþ ü~ ÿ üà Î üü ìõè ýõðþ ýò { % ô ² ó Þú Ö³ ü¼ ñ}õðý ô Ö³ôó ± õ Á ü~ ÿ â±ì üþ õž ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ²ü ²ü ÿ ± ü~ ÿ ð~ ) ý»}±üò Î ìê {Óýý± ü~ ÿ Ž { ý¼ ² 44% }í ë º~ó Î üü Ö³ ü¼ ìþ ø~ ô ± Ö³ ü¼ üã± õÿ ² ìþ ø~. Ö³ ü¼ Î üü ðïç Ù ü±ÿ ô â±ì üþ ìû~ ìý }ú { 7% ð} ü ý õ þ ± õ ø~ º. ì }éø: ) èø( ìû~ Þî Þú üò è ÚDZ ²ü ô ) Ž( {õ ú ú ðíõ ø º~ ìû~ Ž ± ý ²ü ÿ ± õ Á ºßê9 {õ²üð Úý± éýí±ÿ ú ô ýéú ñ}õðý ìû ü± Ž ² µôø¼ ðœ ï º~û ì» À º~ Þú ù}±üò ìû~ õ ñ}õðý ð}ýœú âý±ÿ õ û ô ô ² ð}ë ðý. ô õ Á Þ» ðþ ²ü ó ÆŒýÏþ ôsvh SBS ìý }ú ô õ ú {õ ú Þ» ðþ ý ²ü ô ú ÎŒ {þ è Ÿ Œñ~âþ ôüµû ÿ. üò ì± 5 7 SE 4 7 SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE 5 4 SE SE 2 SE SE 1 1 SE SE SE ðíõðú 1 /SVH ìû~ ìý }ú ø ÿ ¾ç º~û SBS. ô ìû ôì ± ± Ž ü~ ÿ ²ìõó ð} ü 4 ~ôë Ž )%( ² âþ { ôë ìû ôì ± ± Ž ü~ ÿ ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 ì± Ð ìß ð ô ìõ ôèýú Þí ë {»ß± üî. Ö± øî Þ± ó èýê ú º±Þ ó Þ ðú ì~ü± γü³ü ó ìùñ~¹ Ú ÿ ² ñ Ž Ú ÿ ìùñ~¹ ìýñþ ì~ü±î ìê º±Þ»î ºý»ú ü± ó ô ñ Ž Ú~ ðþ ìœ~ ô ü~ ÿ õž ðý³ ø }ñ~. ºõð~âþ ± ± ²ü ìû ôì ÿ ìñ Ÿ Œñ~âþ ðíõðú ø ÿ 4 7 SE ô 5 SE ðý³ ÿ ù}±üò Ö±ìõë ñ~ÿ ø ø }ñ~ ºõ. ð} Ž 44% { 9 ýò ìþ {õ ð~ Ž ìû~ ²ü Þú ÚDZ ó Þí}±. 1. Branthaver J.F., Petersen J.C., Rbertsn R.E., Duvall J.J., Kim S.S., Harnsberger P.M., and Schabrn J.F., Binder Characterizatin and Evaluatin, Chemistry, SHRPA.68, Natinal Research Cuncil, Washingtn DC, 2,

10 2. Dickinsn E.J., The Hardening f Middle East Petrleum Asphalts in Pavement Surfacings, Prceedings f the Assciatin f Asphalt Paving Technlgists, Technical Sessin, Luisville, Kentucky, Black Gld Bitumen C., Prfrma Technical Data Sheet Bituminus Emulsin. 4. Massn J.F. and Plmark G.M., Bitumen Micrstructure by Mdulated Differential Scanning Calrimetry, Thermchimica Acta, 74, 1054, Massn J.F. and Lacasse M.A., Twards a Perfrmancebased Specificatin fr Bituminus Crack Sealants Used in Urban Cnditins, Prceedings f the Pavement Crack and Jint Sealants fr Rigid and Flexible Pavements Cnference, United States Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Statin, Airfields and Pavements Divisin, Vicksburg, , Ziari H., Abtahi S.M., and Gli A., Effect f Plymer n Bitumen Prperties and Its Perfrmance Grade, Iran. J. Plym. Sci. Technl. (In Persian),, 2208, Ziari H., Abtahi S.M., and Gli A., The Effect f SBS Plymer n the Dynamic Prperties f Asphalt, Iran. J. Plym. Sci. Technl., (In Persian),, 70465, Hltrp W., Bth T., and Leach R., Sprade Sealingaggregate Precating, APRG Technical Austrads Pavement Research Grup, Nte 6, Massn J.F., Cllins P., Wds J.R., Bundalpers S., and AlQadi I.L., Degradatin f Bituminus Sealants due t Extended Heating befre Installatin: A Case Study, 85th Annual Meeting f the Transprtatin Research Bard, Washingtn, DC, 2226, SMHI, Swedish Meterlgical and Hydrlgical Institute, Vader ch vatten, N.1, Mackey C.O. and Wright L.T., Summer Cmfrt Factrs as Influenced by the Thermal Prperties f Building Materials, ASHVAE Transactins, 49, , Chandrawat M.P.S., Ojha T.N., and Yadav R.N., Effect f Bitumen Emulsin n Setting, Strength, Sundness and Misture Resistance f Oxychlride Cement, Ind. Academ. Sci., 24, 1 16, Bjrk F. and Granne F., Prducts fr Cvering f Flat Rfs, Swedish Practice in Light f EOTA TB 97/24/9..1 PT Dura ìœéú Îéíþ ƒƒ µôø»þ Îéõï ô {ßñõèõ ÿ éýí± ë ý }î ô õï ºí û 4 ìù± ó 981 bility, Mater. Struct., 27027, Slaughter G., Envirnmental Cmparisn f Cut Back Bitumen and Bitumen Emulsins fr Sealing Rad, 1 th Sprayed Sealing Cnferencecst Effect High Perfrmance Surfacing, Australia, Fultn Hgan Cmmitted, Bjrk D.F., Green Rfs Effect n Durability f Rf Membranes, Divisin f Building Technlgy, Department f Civil and Architectural Engineering, Pub. N. 6, 510, Elementis Specialties Stlberger Strabe Clgne Germany. Applicatin guide, specialties.cm. 17. Wen W.W., Granu Flw Prcess Develpment, A Reprt frm Pittsburgh, US Department f Energy, Federal Energy Technlgy Center, Bretz S., Akbari H., and Rsenfeld A., Practical Issues fr Using SlarReflectance Materials t Mitigate Urban Heat Islands, Atmspheric Envirnment, 2, 951, Cash C.C., Evans J.D., and Ketla W.D., Estimating the Durability f Rfing Systems, Accelerated and Outdr Weathering Testing, A Reprt frm American Sciety fr Testing and Materials, West Cnshhcken, Derjaguin B., Muller V., and Tprv Y., Effect f Cntact Defrmatins n the Adhesin f Particles, J. Cllid Interface Sci., 5, 1426, The Shell Bitumen Handbk, 5th ed., Fisher R.M. and Ketla W.D., Surface Temperatures f Materials in Exterir Expsures and Artificial Accelerated Tests, Accelerated and Outdr Durability Testing f Organic Materials, ASTM STP 1202, American Sciety fr Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Firzifar S.H., Frutan S.Z., and Frutan S.R., The Effect f ph & Bituminus Density n Stabilizatin f Bitumen inwater Emulsin, Petrl. Cal. J., 52, 14, Yusefi A.A., Rubbermdified Bitumen, Iran. J. Plym. Sci. Technl. (In Persian),, 009, Derjaguin B.V., Thery f Stability f Cllids and Thin Films, Plenum Cnsultants Bareau, New Yrk, Gawryse K.L., Hw Asphaltenes Aggregate: Rle f Chemistry and Slvent, PhD Dissertatin, Department f Chemical Engineering, Nrth Carlina State University,

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