101 Is the species highly domesticated?

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1 Famil: Oleaceae Taxo: Jasmium gradiflorum Som: Jasmium floribudum R. Br. ex Frese. Commo Name roal jasmie Spaish jasmie Questioaire : curret Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L Data Etr Perso: Chuck Chimera WRA Score Is the species highl domesticated? =-3, =0 102 Has the species become aturalized where grow? =1, = Does the species have weed races? =1, = Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appedix 2) 202 Qualit of climate match data (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High high) (See Appedix 2) 203 Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit) =1, =0 204 Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates =1, =0 205 Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? =-2,?=-1, =0 301 Naturalized beod ative rage = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2), = questio Garde/ameit/disturbace weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 304 Evirometal weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 305 Cogeeric weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 401 Produces spies, thors or burrs =1, =0 402 Allelopathic =1, =0 403 Parasitic =1, =0 404 Upalatable to grazig aimals =1, = Toxic to aimals =1, =0 406 Host for recogized pests ad pathoges =1, =0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas =1, =0 408 Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems =1, =0 409 Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle =1, =0 410 Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad) =1, =0 411 Climbig or smotherig growth habit =1, =0 Prit Date: 5/21/2010 Jasmium gradiflorum (Oleaceae) Page 1 of 6

2 412 Forms dese thickets =1, =0 501 Aquatic =5, =0 502 Grass =1, =0 503 Nitroge fixig wood plat =1, =0 504 Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) =1, =0 601 Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat =1, =0 602 Produces viable seed =1, = Hbridizes aturall =1, = Self-compatible or apomictic =1, = Requires specialist polliators =-1, =0 606 Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio =1, = Miimum geerative time (ears) 1 ear = 1, 2 or 3 ears = 0, 1 4+ ears = Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked =1, =-1 areas) 702 Propagules dispersed itetioall b people =1, = Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat =1, = Propagules adapted to wid dispersal =1, = Propagules water dispersed =1, = Propagules bird dispersed =1, = Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall) =1, = Propagules survive passage through the gut =1, = Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2) =1, = Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r) =1, = Well cotrolled b herbicides =-1, =1 804 Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire =1, = Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets) =-1, =1 Desigatio: L WRA Score 2 Prit Date: 5/21/2010 Jasmium gradiflorum (Oleaceae) Page 2 of 6

3 Supportig Data: Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Dave's Garde. PlatFiles: Poet's Jasmie. Dave's Garde, Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M-H.. Flora of Mauipiti, Societ Islads. The Smithsoia Istitutio, Washigto, D. C Liogier, A. H./ Martorell, L. F.. Flora of Puerto Rico ad adjacet islads: a sstematic sopsis. La Editorial, UPR, Sa Jua, Puerto Rico Acevedo-Rodríguez, P.. Vies ad Climbig Plats of Puerto Rico ad the Virgi Islads. 51: Smithsoia Istitutio, Washigto, D.C. I Idia ad Chia, jasmie has bee cultivated for local use sice atiquit. The exact origi of J. gradiflorum is ot kow; wild populatios occur from Chia, Burma (Mamar), Nepal ad Bhuta through Idia, Pakista ad Arabia (Saudi Arabia, Oma, Yeme) to easter Africa (Egpt, Suda, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Ugada ad Kea) J. gradiflorum is widel cultivated i warm temperate, subtropical ad tropical climates all over the world for its sceted flowers, as a orametal ad as a source of oil. The exact origi of J. gradiflorum is ot kow; wild populatios occur from Chia, Burma (Mamar), Nepal ad Bhuta through Idia, Pakista ad Arabia (Saudi Arabia, Oma, Yeme) to easter Africa (Egpt, Suda, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Ugada ad Kea) J. gradiflorum is widel cultivated i warm temperate, subtropical ad tropical climates all over the world for its sceted flowers, as a orametal ad as a source of oil. Hardiess: USDA Zoe 8a: to C (10 F) USDA Zoe 8b: to -9.4 C (15 F) USDA Zoe 9a: to -6.6 C (20 F) USDA Zoe 9b: to -3.8 C (25 F) USDA Zoe 10a: to -1.1 C (30 F) USDA Zoe 10b: to 1.7 C (35 F) The exact origi of J. gradiflorum is ot kow; wild populatios occur from Chia, Burma (Mamar), Nepal ad Bhuta through Idia, Pakista ad Arabia (Saudi Arabia, Oma, Yeme) to easter Africa (Egpt, Suda, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Ugada ad Kea) J. gradiflorum is widel cultivated i warm temperate, subtropical ad tropical climates all over the world for its sceted flowers, as a orametal ad as a source of oil. J. gradiflorum is widel cultivated i warm temperate, subtropical ad tropical climates all over the world for its sceted flowers, as a orametal ad as a source of oil. Ordiaril a plated orametal, but foud apparetl aturalized at oe place o the NW shore of Maupiti, flowerig but ot see settig fruit. [questioabl aturalized] Occasioall persistet after cultivatio, Puerto Rico [ot aturalized] Status: Exotic, cultivated, ucommo. Distributio: Although ot ver commo, it is cultivated i our gardes. Species ative to Arabia, but widel cultivated throughout the tropics [ot evidece of aturalizatio] Radall, R.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Jasmium gradiflorum [Olie Database]. Hawaii Ecosstems at Risk Project Listed as a casual alie i Puerto Rico, but referece suggests plat is ol persistet after cultivatio [isufficiet evidece for aturalizatio or weediess] WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. Evidece for aturalizatio is icoclusive Radall, R.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Jasmium gradiflorum [Olie Database]. Hawaii Ecosstems at Risk Project No evidece as a garde, ameit or disturbace weed Radall, R.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Jasmium gradiflorum [Olie Database]. Hawaii Ecosstems at Risk Project No evidece as a weed of agriculture, forestr or horticulture Prit Date: 5/21/2010 Jasmium gradiflorum (Oleaceae) Page 3 of 6

4 Radall, R.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Jasmium gradiflorum [Olie Database]. Hawaii Ecosstems at Risk Project No evidece as a evirometal weed Lagelad, K.A./Stocker, R.K.. Cotrol of No-ative Plats i Natural Areas of Florida. Istitute of Food ad Agricultural Scieces, Uiversit of Florida, Gaiesville, FL Mgmt/PDFfiles/WG20900.pdf Jasmies produce a large umber of bird- ad mammal-dispersed seeds with ver high germiatio; highl ivasive. [report is referrig to Jasmium dichotomum ad J. flumiese] Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Fujii, Y./Parvez, S. S./Parvez, M.M./Ohmae, Y./Iida, O.. Screeig of 239 medicial plat species for allelopathic activit usig the sadwich method. Weed Biolog ad Maagemet. 3: Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI Crescet Bloom. Jasmium gradiflorum. JA/Jasmium%20gradiflorum.htm No spies, thors or burrs preset. We studied the leaf litter of a large umber of medicial plats usig the sadwich method. For the preset paper we examied 239 plat species of differet families for their allelopathic effects uder laborator coditios. [J. gradiforum did ot exhibit sigificat allelopathic effects] Not parasitic Deer resistat: o [cotradicts other referece which suggests tolerace to deer] Backard Gardeer. Jasmium gradiflorum. _de7b.html Toleraces:deer, heat & humidit [Ukow if tolerace to deer idicates upalatable leaves, or it plat is capable of withstadig heav browsig] Crescet Bloom. Jasmium gradiflorum. JA/Jasmium%20gradiflorum.htm Sheela, V.L.. Flowers for Trade: Vol.10. Horticulture Sciece Series. New Idia Publishig, New Delhi, Idia Mai, M.. Origi, itroductio, distributio ad maagemet of the ivasive spirallig whitefl Aleurodicus dispersus Russell i Idia. Karataka Joural of Agricultural Scieces. 23: Iteral poiso: o; Dermatologic poiso: o; Livestock poiso: o [No evidece of toxicit] Bud worms are sometimes problems i jasmies Leaf spot is reported to be a serious malad affectig jasmies. [geeral pests ad pathoges] Abstract: The spiralig whitefl Aleurodicus dispersus Russell poses threat to ma crops i Idia. Aleurodicus dispersus, ative to Caribbea islads ad Cetral America probabl came to Idia either from Sri Laka or the Maldives. I Idia, it was first reported i 1993 at Thiruvaathapuram o tapioca ad later from several other parts of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karataka, Adhra Pradesh ad Maharashtra. The pest is highl polphagous ifestig about 280 plat species i Idia. Eggs are laid i a tpical spiral patter from which the whitefl derives its commo ame. Nmphs ad adults suck the sap from the leaves causig damage to several crops i peisular Idia. Developmet of spiralig whitefl from egg to adult occupies 20 to 30 das. Heav sporadic rais ad cool temperatures result i a temporar reductio i A. dispersus populatio. The populatio of spiralig whitefl is foud to be relativel higher durig summer moths ad the desit of the whitefl is positivel correlated with maximum temperature ad egativel correlated with relative humidit. Applicatio of chemicals like dimethoate, triazhophos, moocrotophos, ad cultural practices like pruig of the ifested plats cause ol temporar reductio i the populatio of spiralig whitefl. Surve revealed the presece of 45 predators ad two parasitoids amel Ecarsia guadeloupae Viggiai ad Ecarsia haitiesis Dozier. Both these accidetall itroduced E. haitiesis ad E. guadeloupae are likel to cover all the spiralig whitefl areas ad cause remarkable reductio i the populatio of A. despersus i Idia as witessed i other coutries. [J. gradiflorum oe of ma hosts affected b this whitefl] WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. Not kow to be a importat alterate host of serious pests or pathoges Crescet Bloom. Jasmium gradiflorum. JA/Jasmium%20gradiflorum.htm Iteral poiso: o; Dermatologic poiso: o; Livestock poiso: o [No evidece of huma toxicit] WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. No evidece of icreased fire risk from J. gradiflorum Prit Date: 5/21/2010 Jasmium gradiflorum (Oleaceae) Page 4 of 6

5 Backard Gardeer. Jasmium gradiflorum. _de7b.html Light Rage:Part Su to Full Su Dave's Garde. PlatFiles: Poet's Jasmie. Dave's Garde, Pradeepkumar, T./ Kumar, P.. Maagemet of Horticultural Crops: Vol.11 Horticulture Sciece Series: I 2 Parts. New Idia Publishig, New Delhi, Idia Dave's Garde. PlatFiles: Poet's Jasmie. Dave's Garde, Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI. Su Exposure: Full Su Jasmie ca be plated o a wide rage of soils. Well draied rich sad loam ad red loam soil are the best suited. Clae soil results i icreased vegetative growth ad reduced flowerig. Soil ph requiremets: 6.1 to 6.5 (mildl acidic) 6.6 to 7.5 (eutral) Evergree scrambler or weak climber Pruig helps shapes the plat ad restrai its scramblig tedecies Backard Gardeer. Jasmium gradiflorum. _de7b.html Fast growig, strog climbig, evergree vie Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Staples, G. W./Herbst, D. R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI. A climbig plat [Aswer Yes to Questio 4.11] Terrestrial plat [ot aquatic] Oleaceae [ot a grass] Oleaceae [ot itroge fixig] Evergree scrambler or weak climber [ot a geophte] Seed set is usuall ver low ad polle sterilit frequetl above 75%. [evidece from cultivatio, but o evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative rage] Seed set is usuall ver low ad polle sterilit frequetl above 75%. [produces viable seed, but at low umbers] Fruit rare i cultivatio WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. Abilit to hbridize ukow Kuth. P.. Hadbook of Flower Polliatio. Claredo Press, Oxford, U.K Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Species of Jasmium listed as cleistogamous, [but ukow for J. gradiflorum] corolla tubular, tube mm log, attached at about the middle of the corolla tube [floral morpholog & low seed set suggest J. gradiflorum has similar specialized polliator requiremets as other Jasmium species] Prit Date: 5/21/2010 Jasmium gradiflorum (Oleaceae) Page 5 of 6

6 Corlett, R.T.. Flower visitors ad polliatio i the Orietal (Idomalaa) Regio. Biological Reviews. 79: Pradeepkumar, T./ Kumar, P.. Maagemet of Horticultural Crops: Vol.11 Horticulture Sciece Series: I 2 Parts. New Idia Publishig, New Delhi, Idia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Ghazafar, S. A.. Hadbook of Arabia medicial plats. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia Plat Resources of South-East Esia 19, Essetial-oil Plats. Prosea Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. Logevit of seed bak ukow Other species with white, sceted, tubular flowers believed to be polliated b sphigids are Jasmium agustifolium (Oleaceae), Catuaregam spiosa (Rubiaceae) ad Carissa caradas (Apocaceae) i Idia (Raju, 1988; Raju, Reddi & Das, 1997), but this combiatio of floral characters is widespread i the regio ad ma other examples of hawkmoth polliatio ma have bee overlooked. Suckers: Those suckers arisig from the base of plats ca be uprooted ad used as platig materials. J. gradiflorum grows slowl the first 2 ears after platig, but first flowerig starts at the age of 6 moths. Fruit a 2-lobed berr, lobes ellipsoid, 10 mm x 8 mm, black whe ripe. [o evidece of uitetioal spread of propagules] J. gradiflorum is widel cultivated i warm temperate, subtropical ad tropical climates all over the world for its sceted flowers, as a orametal ad as a source of oil. Fruit a 2-lobed berr, lobes ellipsoid, 10 mm x 8 mm, black whe ripe. [o evidece of produce cotamiatio] Fruit a 2-lobed berr, lobes ellipsoid, 10 mm x 8 mm, black whe ripe. [ot adapted for wid dispersal] Fruit a 2-lobed berr, lobes ellipsoid, 10 mm x 8 mm, black whe ripe. [o evidece of or apparet adaptatios for water dispersal] Fruit (berr) flesh, 2-lobes, purple-black whe ripe, each lobe 1-seeded. Fruit a 2-lobed berr, lobes ellipsoid, 10 mm x 8 mm, black whe ripe. [fleshfruited] Fruit a 2-lobed berr, lobes ellipsoid, 10 mm x 8 mm, black whe ripe. [o meas of exteral attachmet for exteral aimal dispersal] Fruit a 2-lobed berr, lobes ellipsoid, 10 mm x 8 mm, black whe ripe. [fleshfruited] Seed set is usuall ver low ad polle sterilit frequetl above 75% Lagelad, K.A./Stocker, R.K.. Cotrol of No-ative Plats i Natural Areas of Florida. Istitute of Food ad Agricultural Scieces, Uiversit of Florida, Gaiesville, FL Idividual vies of a size ca receive a cut stump treatmet with 50% Garlo 3A or 10% Garlo 4, or a basal bark applicatio of 10% Garlo 4. Because basall-applied Garlo 4 does ot traslocate beod a few rooted odes it is ofte ecessar to pull ruers back to the mai stem, cut ad appl Garlo 3A or Garlo 4 to the cut stem. Re-treatmet of areas is usuall ecessar. Newl Mgmt/PDFfiles/WG20900.pdf emerged seedligs ca be had pulled. [No cotrol methods foud for J. gradiflorum, but methods described for J. dichotomum ad J. flumiese are applicable] WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. Ukow whether J. gradiflorum tolerates or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. Ukow whether effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets) Prit Date: 5/21/2010 Jasmium gradiflorum (Oleaceae) Page 6 of 6