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g} ultljlw xf] h:tf] agfpsf 5g\. df}g cjlwdf Pdfn] kf6l{ sfof{nodf cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pgn] eg] lgjf{rg h:tf] x'g'kg]{ xf], To:tf] epsf] 5}g egb} ;Qf?9 bnx?af6 epsf] cfrf/;+lxtf pnn+3gsf af/]df 5fgljg ug{ dfu ;d]t u/]sf] cf]nln] u/]sf 5g\. lgjf{rg cfof]un] klxnf] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf ;d]t ;/sf/df ;xeful epsf bnsf sfo{stf{x?sf] dfq ;'g'jfo[ u/]sf] cf/f]k lgjf{rg cfof]udfly nufpfb} c?n] sf7df8f}. clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cfof]un] s/ km:of}{6 cfof]usf cwoif / ;b:onfo{ km/f/ ;"rldf /fvg'egbf ltg xktf cufl8 g} cof]usf ;b:o;lrj Pj+ cfgtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zs r'8fdl0f zdf{nfo{ kqmfp u/]kl5 cfof]usf k d'v cfo'qm blk a:g]t ;d]t ljjfbdf tflgpsf 5g\. ;fndf cfgtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zs x'fbf s/ km:of}{6 cfof]u sf] bkmf!$ cgt{ut g} /x]/ sfd sf/afxl u/]sf lyp. clxn] a:g]t clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cfof]usf k d'v cfo'qm epkl5 ToxL P]gsf] bkmf!$ nfo{ b]vfp/ zdf{nfo{ kqmfp ul/psf]df a:g]t ljjfbsf] 3]/fdf tflgpsf x'g\. s/ km:of}{6 sf] bkmf!$ df cfof]uaf6 epsf sfd sf/afxl uf]ko /fvg'kg]{ s'g} cbfntdf k df0f gnfug] / cg';gwfgsf nflu ;d]t s'g} clwsf/ln] dfu ug{ ;Sg] 5}gg\ egg] Joj:yf ul/psf] 5. t/, zdf{nfo{ s/ ;xeflu epsf 5g\. /fhkfsf lzif{ g]tfx?n] lgjf{rg alxisf/ u/]sf] egb} ubf{ o;} bnsf s]xl g]tfx? 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2 @ Debunking Myths on CPEC By : Ahsan Iqbal Recently, quite a few stories have appeared on the China- Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in both local and interna onal publica ons. A lot of trac on was gained by the cynics of CPEC by repor ng factually incorrect informa on. Consequently, myth spurring on CPEC is on the rise. I am going to take this opportunity to debunk these myths by sta ng the facts. A pointless controversy was created on the Long Term Plan (LTP) by a recent ar cle featured in a local English-language newspaper. The report published as LTP in that ar cle was an ini al dra by the China Development Bank (CDB) and not a part of the agreed LTP. That ar cle basically cherry-picked informa on from different sources to present a distorted picture of the LTP. The fact is that the government of Pakistan has prepared its own plan a er mul ple stages of consulta on with provinces, federal ministries and their respec ve technical groups. The LTP has been prepared to develop Pakistan in line with the seven pillars of Vision 2025 which are predicated on the no on of inclusive and sustainable development. The main pillars of LTP are connec vity, energy, industries and industrial parks, agricultural development and poverty allevia on, tourism, coopera on in areas concerning people s livelihood and financial coopera on. It was shared with the Chinese authori es following approval by the cabinet. The Chinese side has given its approval in principle, however, its formal approval is expected by the end of this month, as our Chinese counterparts were occupied by the Belt Road Forum. As soon as we get the official approval from the Chinese side, we will put the LTP on the CPEC website. One of the biggest myths propagated on CPEC is that Pakistan might become a colony/province of China. Any historian would tell you that colonialism and imperialism are legacies of countries of the global north. China has never invaded any country nor harboured any imperial designs. Cynics point out towards rising trade deficit with China as a reason to show concern on CPEC. The reality is that China s compe veness in exports is universal and not idiosyncra c to Pakistan. Pakistan s current trade deficit with China is $6.2 billion. In comparison, India s trade deficit with China stands at $47 billion. The US trade deficit with China is $347 billion. Based on these trade deficit numbers, is it appropriate to infer that the US or India are becoming colonies/provinces of China? Certainly not. Similarly, it is ludicrous to make such claims about the Pakistan-China rela onship. Both countries respect the sovereignty of each other and CPEC is based on the shared vision of both countries: Vision 2025 and OBOR. At present, only a few thousand Chinese na onals are living in Pakistan and making a posi ve contribu on towards our economy, the majority of them fall in the category of temporary labour migrants who will return back upon comple on of the projects. In contrast, around 8 million Chinese are living in Malaysia, 400,000 in France; 600,000 in Japan; 900,000 in Canada and over 2.5 million are living in the US. Therefore, to say that Chinese are overtaking Pakistani society is nothing but a farce. Chinese na onals working in Pakistan are our na onal guests as they are helping us to build a developed Pakistan. Another myth spread on CPEC is that China is dicta ng terms to Pakistan and the federal government is not consul ng the provinces. The reality is quite the opposite. China and Pakistan work jointly in making an overall planning for a unified development of CPEC projects. In this regard, the Long Term Plan, Transport Monographic Study and respec ve MoUs guide the policy for CPEC. All provinces have been consulted and invited to all mee ngs within Pakistan and abroad for their recommenda ons and review of CPEC projects. Earlier this month, the chief ministers of all four provinces under the leadership of PM Sharif a ended OBOR Summit in China. On 29th December 2016, all CMs par cipated in the 6th JCC mee ng which was held in Beijing. For ins tu onal arrangement and development of CPEC, the Na onal Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) of China along with the Planning, Development & Reform Ministry of Pakistan have cons tuted subsidiary working groups of the Joint Coopera on Commi ee (JCC) on planning, transport infrastructure, energy, Gwadar and industry coopera on. Since the signing of the MoU in July 2013, six mee ngs of the JCC have been held. The highest officials of every provincial government are represented in JCC mee ngs. It is impossible to hide or misrepresent any informa on on CPEC from provinces. Informa on on ongoing and agreed CPEC projects is available on the official website of CPEC. Moreover, the planning ministry is always available to address any queries regarding CPEC. All the Chinese companies involved in CPEC projects are nominated by their government. Therefore, there is no ques on of favouri sm on the part of the government of Pakistan. Another myth propagated around is that Pakistan is not going to gain any economic benefits from CPEC and it is tantamount to the 2006 Free Trade agreement (FTA) with China. First of all, let me explain that an FTA works out on the basis of demand and supply of market forces. China enjoys a compe ve edge in exports vis-à-vis all other economies of the world, including Pakistan, whereas CPEC is qualita vely different from an FTA. It provides necessary s mulus to kickstart the processes of industrialisa on in Pakistan. Without sufficient electricity and adequate infrastructure, it is not possible to carry out industrialisa on. CPEC brings $35 billion investments in energy projects. Alongside coal, clean and renewable energy projects are part of the CPEC energy por olio. The exis ng energy policy was made before the CPEC MoU was signed between China and Pakistan. Prior to CPEC, nobody was interested in making investments in our energy sector. At that crucial me, China took a lead and demonstrated to the world that Pakistan is a reliable and secure des na on for foreign investments. Energy investments under CPEC will remove a major bo leneck that is in the way of realising high economic growth. It will reinforce the main grid structure, power transmission, distribu on network, and improve power supply. Currently, 14 energy projects are in the implementa on stage. Through CPEC projects, 10,000MW of electricity will be added to the na onal grid. Only 16,000MW was added to the na onal grid from 1947 to Moreover, energy projects under CPEC are not funded by Chinese loans instead they are undertaken in the IPP mode regulated as per NEPRA tariffs. Average cost of these projects is lower than the current cost of produc on of energy. Under CPEC, new road and rail networks are to be built in all four provinces to enhance and improve connec vity within Pakistan. In addi on to economic benefits of connec vity, social and regional cohesion will increase within Pakistan and in the region. Once energy and infrastructure bo lenecks are addressed, it is es mated that GDP will at least increase by more than 2 per cent from its current trend. Similarly, one of the important components of the CPEC framework is industrial coopera on. Nine industrial zones were included in it with equal representa on of all provinces. The cost of produc on is steadily increasing for many industries in China due to increase in wages. It is es mated that 85 million jobs will be relocated and countries in the Far East, Asia and Africa are compe ng for these jobs. Pakistan wants to secure a big share of the reloca on of these industries and jobs. Once relocated, this will create a huge demand for labour in Pakistan and enormous employment opportuni es will be available for Pakistanis. In the current projects of CPEC, two thirds of the workforce is Pakistani and only a cri cal mass of labour force comes from China. This is a great opportunity for the Pakistani workforce to learn and update their skills from their Chinese counterparts. Already a boom in steel, cement and construc on industries has created mul plier effects in the overall economy. Economic benefits of CPEC are net posi ve for Pakistan. CPEC is a golden opportunity for Pakistan to undo the mistakes of the past and we, as a na on, cannot afford to be complacent about it. b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k of]ustf{x?df g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k flws/0fsf] cg'/f]w g]kfndf b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k bfg ul//x]sf ljlegg b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k bfos ;+:yfx?sf] kn; /]6 legg legg /x]sf]df kn; /]6df Ps?ktf Nofpg j}zfv! ut] b]lv nfu" x'g] u/l lgdgfg';f/ sfod x'g] Joxf]/f caut u/fpb5f}+.!= df]afon ;]jf -GSM/CDMA_ af6 g]kfn /fhoe/sf s'g} klg gda/df sn ubf{!) ;]s]g8sf] kn; sfod ul/psf] Nof08nfOg/CDMA lkms;8af6 g]kfn /fhoe/sf s'g}klg gda/df sn ubf{! ldg]6 -^) ;]s]g8_ sf] kn; sfod ul/psf] 5. #= g]kfn /fhoe/sf s'g} klg kmf]gsf] k of]u u/l cgt/fli6«o -ILD_ sn ubf{ #) ;]s]g8sf] kn; sfod ul/psf] 5. b"/;+rf/ ;]jf k bfosx n] cfkm'n] u fxs;+u c;'n pk/ ug]{ dxz'n b/ k lt ldg]6sf b/n] :jls[t u/fo{ nfu" u/] tfklg u fxs;+u dx;'n b/ sf6\bf -charge ubf{_ kn; /]6sf] cfwf/df /sd sf6\g] ub{5g\. h:tf] ljutdf df]afon ;]s]g8sf] kn; /]6 nfu" x'bf k ;]s]g8sf] cgt/fndf /sd sf6\g] u/]sf]df goff Joj:yf nfu" epkl5!) ;]s]g8sf] cgt/fndf /sd sfl6g] 5 / Pj+ k sf/n] Nof08nfO{g / cgt/fli6«o sndf ;d]t kn; /]6 cg';f/ /sd s f x'g] 5g\. pbfx/0fsf] nflu :-!?k}of %) k};f k lt ldg]6 dxz'n lng] s'g} ;]s]g8sf] kn; /x]sf] 5 ;]s]g8sf] %) k};fsf b/n] dx;'n sf6\b} hfg] j}zfv! ut] b]lv!) k};fsf b/n] /sd s L x'g]5. t;y{ kmf]g ubf{ Connection eo{;s]kl5 e'qmfgl ug{'kg]{ Go'gtd k};f dfq x'g hfg5 / pkef]qmfx? o; goff Joj:yfaf6 nfeflgjt x'g] 5g\. kn; /]6 nufot b"/;+rf/ ;]jf;+u ;DalGwt s'g} klg ;d:of/u'gf;f] epdf xfd f] website: dfkm{t jf Android Playstore / IoS af6 NTA App download u/l cyjf kmf]g/ˆofs; åf/f cfˆgf] ;d:of/ u'gf;f] xfdl ;dif k'of{pg ;Sg'x'g]5. g]kfn b"/;+rf/ k flws/0f >L s'gh ;bg, sdnfbl, sf7df8f}f kmf]g g+= M (&&! $@%%$&$, $@%$&!& ˆofS;: +(&&! $@%%@%), kf]=a=g+=(&$% Od]n: ntra@wlink.com.np, ntra@nta.gov.np j]j;fo6 M

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To;}n] s/ km:of}6 cfof]un] kfpsf] Dof08]6 dfly /x]/ u/]sf sfdsf/afxlnfo{ lnp/ s;}dfly sf/afxl ul/g' s] Gofo;+ut x'g5. o; d'2fdf ;d]t /fhgllts/0f xfjl epsf] x'g;sg] tkm{ clvtof/ ;hu x'g}k5{. o:tf] nf]stgqn] sxff k' ofpnf < clxn];dd s;}nfo{ yfxf 5}g. Pp6f nio, Pp6f p2]zo, To;sf] ;kmntfsf nflu Pp6f lglzrt j}rfl/s vfsf t x'g'k5{ lg. laut!@ jif{df b]lvpsf] ;Qf, clgoldttf, cg'zf;gxlgtfdfq xf]. xfdl cfw'lgstfsf] gf/f nufp/ h+untgqlt/ t pgd'v 5}gf}+ < goff g]kfn elgof], goff g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] yfngl x'g} ;s]g. kl/jt{gkl5sf s]xl jif{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eg]/ clnemof}+. ann ann ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eof], ;+ljwfg sfof{gjog ug{ sl:;of}+. :yfglo lgjf{rgsf dfwodaf6 ;+ljwfg sfof{gjog x'g]5 eg]/ e d 5l/Psf] 5, Tof] e d dw];l bnx?n] lgjf{rgdf b]vfpsf] ;fj{hlgs c;xdlt r'gf}lt / r]tfjgl agg k'u]sf] 5. s]xl dw];l bnx?sf sfo{stf{x?n] lab f]xl?kdf pd]bjf/l t lbpsf 5g\, Tof] pd]bjf/ln] ågå 36fpFb}g. ågå a9\of] eg] ;+ljwfg sfof{gjog xf]og, csf]{ c/fhstfn] hgd lng;sg] hf]lvd 68\sf/} b]lvg5. xf], klxnf] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf s]xl :yfgdf dfq tfnd]n b]lvpsf] lyof]. bf]>f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf st} dfcf]jfbl / sf+u ];, st} Pdfn] / kmf]/d, st} ljb f]xl dfcf]jfbl ljknj ;d"x / sf+u ];, st} Pdfn] / sf+u ];sf] ;d]t pd]bjf/ldf tfnd]n epsf] 5. cfzro{ st} dfcf]jfbl / ;+3Lo ;dfhjfblsf] ;d]t PnfOG; epsf] 5. of] b[zonfo{ k hftflgqs ljzn]ifsx? k hftgqsf] ;'Gb/tf eg]/ kmnfsl /x]sf 5g\. /fli6«o /fhglltdf Jofks dte]b 5, lgjf{rgdf o:tf] ;'Gb/tf. st} of] ;'Gb/tf s'?ktfdf kl/jt{g epsf] b]vg gk/f];\. lsgeg] :jfy{sf] ldlneut, /fli6«o /fhglltsf] ;'Gb/tf s;/l x'g;s5 < klxn] /fhgllts l:y/tfsf nflu dge]bsf] cgto x'g'k5{. /fli6«oglltx?df dte]b x'g'x'gg. /fli6«o d'2fx?df ;xofqf, ;xdltsf ;fy cl3 a9\g t}of/ x'g'k5{. st} klg ;xdlt gx'g] t/ :yfglo txsf] lgjf{rgdf s]xl :yfgx?df l;4fgtsf], d'2fsf], hglhljsfsf] ;f]r gldn] klg r'gfj lhtgsf nflu r'gfjl d]nldnfk rflx+ x'g]. of] s'?k b[zon] nf]stflgqs u0ftgqsf] /fhdfu{nfo{ cl3 a9fpfb}g. p2]zo ldng'k5{, :jfy{ ldng' eg]sf] k hftgq alnof] x'g' xf]og. lg/+s"ztf a9\g' xf]. h;/l 7"nf tlg bnn] cfnf]kfnf] ;Qf rnfo/x]sf 5g\. To;}u/L!@ jif{df ag]sf]!) ;/sf/n] c;xh / c/fhs /fli6«o d'2fx?nfo{ ;xh agfpg / cgof}nnfo{ lgsf; lbg ;s]g. ha d'2f dxfdf/l ag5g\, To:tf] cj:yf eg]sf] /fhgllt cfkm}df hl6n ;d:of agg' xf]. oyfy{df jt{dfg /fhgllts kl/b[zo g]kfnsf] :jfwlgtf, :jtgqtf, lalwsf] zf;g / hgfsf+iffdfly s'7f/f3ft dfq xf]. of] uff7f] km'sfpg d'l:sn eo;s]sf] / emg emg h]lnb} hffbf] 5. kl/jt{gkl5 /fhgllts kf6l{x?n] /fli6«o d'2fx?sf laifodf, /fli6«ogllt to u/]/ cl3 a9f} eg]/!@ ldg]6 klg ;fd'lxs 5nkmn u/]sf] ;fndf u0ftgq sfof{gjog x'gf;fy kf6l{x?n] % jif{df,!) jif{df o;/l cl3 a9\5f} +, /fli6«o ;d:ofx?sf] o;/l lg/fs/0f u5f} + egg] dfu{lrq to ug' {kyof] {. cd]l/sfdf ;o jif{sf] of]hgf ag5 / Tof] of]hgfcg';f/sf] zf;g, k zf;g, sfg'g lgdf{0f u/]/ nfu" u5{g\. xfdl # jif] {, % jif] { of]hgf agfpf5f} / To;df klg lalw lgdf{tf ;f+;bx?nfo{ s/f]8 s/f]8 lgjf{rg If]q ljsf; ah]6 lgsf;f lbg5f} +. ;f+;bn] ljsf; u/]/ x'g] ep b]zsf] 7]Ssf ltg} ;f+;bnfo{ lbp x'gy]g / < oltw]/} dgqfno, of]hgf cfof]u, :yfglo lgsfox? lsg rflxof] < ;f+;bsf] sfd ah]6 af]s]/ lgjf{rg If]q hfg] xf]og. b]zsf] zf;g, k zf;gdf s:tf] sfg'g rflxg5 < /fhg sfsl{ rajan2012karki@yahoo.com sfg'gsf] kfngf eof] ls epg < cfdgful/ssf] cfsf+iff s] xf] < ;dfgtf / ;dfg'kflts sfg'gjoj:yf sfod 5 ls 5}g < ;/sf/ 5 egg] cg'e"lt hghljgn] ug{ kfof] ls kfpg < o:tf dxtjk"0f{ ljifodf rf;f] /fvg 5f8]/ lan ekf{o ldnfp/ efu zflgt ug{ ;f+;bx? pt;flxt b]lvg5g\. oltdfq xf]og, sltko ;f+;bx? t /ftf] kf;kf]6{ b'?kof]u, dfgj a]rlavgdf ;d]t d'l5p. sltko t:s/l / dflkmofx?;fusf] ;ff7uff7df klg kf]lnpsf 5g\. s'g} klg c;fdflhs sfo{df sf]xl kqmfp k/] eg] To;df /fhgllts bafa xfn]/ 5f]kf5fk kfl/xfng] sfd ;f+;b / ;/sf/df k'u]sfx?sf] klxnf] sfd x'gyfn]sf] 5. Wofg lbg] ck/fwsd{df, s'/f ug]{ b]z ljsf;sf]. s;/l x'g5 ;'wf/ < hgcfgbf]ngkl5sf!) ;/sf/ clxn]sf 7"nf bnx?n] g} rnfp, rnfo/x]sf 5g\. logsf] klxnf] / cfklqhgs sfd eg]sf] /fho;~hfn / ;+j}wflgs kbx?df sf]6f l;:6d a;fng' /Xof]. oxff;dd ls g]kfn k x/l, ;z:qsf cfohlkl dfq xf]og, /fhb"t, ;lrj;dddf klg kf6l{x?s} xfnld'xfnl /Xof]. kl5nnf] ;do ueg{/, af]8{ 8fO/]S6;{, ;+:yfgsf l;ocf] / GofofwLz lgo'qmldf ;d]t v'nf /fhgllts x:tif]k b]lvof]. h;n] ubf{ nf]stflgqs zjbdfly g} Joª\u k xf/ x'gk'u]sf] 5. o;/l nf]stgq ;+:yfut x'g;sb}g. of] t e i6frf/ / lg/+s"ztf ;+:yfut ug] tl/sf eof]. h;n] ubf{ sd{rf/ltgq / kf6l{sf sfo{stf{x?;d]t df};dcg';f/sf] 6\o"lgs nufpg ceo:t eo;s]sf 5g\. /fhgllts kf6l{x?sf] :jfy{sf nflu s'g} klg lg0f{o ug{ l/hg grflxg], l;hgn lg0f{o ug{ kf6l{x? hlxn] klg t}of/ /xg] sf/0fn] lehg :yflkt x'g;s]g. lehg rflxg5 egg] cfjzostf g} 7flgPg. eggnfo{ cyf{t % jif{leq g]kfnnfo{ ljsf;zln /fi6«agfpg] gf/f nufopsf] 5. Tof] niodf k'ug] s;/l < xfdln] To;sf nflu ug' {kg] { s'g s'g t}of/l ug{ yfn]sf 5f} + < s]xl klg t 5}g. clg s;/l ljsf;zln /fi6«sf] :t/df psng ;S5f} + < s'g} ;do lzjk'/l hnfwf/ -xfn lzjk'/l gfufh'{g lgs'~h_ sf cwoif lyp /fh dx]gb sf uf]kok'q /fhs'df/. pgn] Ps lbg hnfwf/ If]qdf c;/nn k/]sf af3sf arrf e]6] / 3/df NofP/ kfn]. 3/df la/fnf]sf arrfx? klg lyp. b'a}nfo{ b"w lknfp/ x'sf{pg yfn]. af3sf] arrf 3'g{ yfnof], la/fnf]sf] arrf Dofp ug{. df;' t b'a} vfgy]. t/ Pslbg ol arrf;fu v]ln/x]sf /fhs'df/sf] xft af3n] 6f]s]g dfq, 3fp ep/ /ut r'lxof]. af3sf] arrfn] /fhs'df/sf] /ut nknkl rf6\of]. To;kl5 tl af3sf arrfnfo{ lrl8ofvfgf k7fopsf] lyof]. w]/} cl3sf] of] 36gf / clxn]sf] /fhgllt p:t} 5. )!& ;fn] k~rfotsf] sfn/flq ;fndf ax'bn k'g:yf{lkt ul/of]. Tof] zf;g s"zf;g x'guof] / )^# ;fndf csf]{ hgcfgbf]ng u/]/ ax'bnnfo{ nf]stgqsf] gfdfs/0f ul/of]. u0ftgqsf] 3f]if0ff klg eof]. t/, df+;xf/lsf ;Gtfgn] /ut df;' g} vfg vf]h5 eg]em}+ k'/fg} g]tf, k'/fg} ;+ut, k'/fg} lrgtg epsfx?n] nf]stflgqs u0ftgqnfo{ klg e i6 agfolbp. nf]stflgqs ;+:sf/ a:g ;s]g, /fhgllt Joj;fo kf] agof]. sxff eof] kl/jt{g < clxn] olt w]/} s"zf;g a9]sf] 5 ls ;'zf;g cfpf5 eg]/ cfzf ug]{ 7fpF;d]t 5}g. crdd clxn] eo/x]sf] klxnf] / bf]>f] :yfglo txsf] lgjf{rgdf kf6l{x?n] sltko :yfgdf pxl u'08f, dflkmof, bnfn, bfbf, 8gx?nfO{ lhtfp, lhtfpg] k of; ul//x]sf 5g\. bfbf /fhf agg] jftfj/0fn] s;/l nf]stflgqs /fli6«o /fhdfu{ lgdf{0f x'g;s5 < ;Qf / zlqmsf nflu k};f rflxg5, k};f epkl5 a'l4, ljj]s, sfg'g h] klg lsgg ;lsg5, ;Qfdf k'u]kl5 h:tf] lg0f{o u/] klg x'g5 egg] unt ghl/ sfod eof]. /fhg]tfsf] 5lj agfpf5' egg] Pshgf klg g]tf e'ofdf b]lvb}gg\. h;/l 7"nf tlg bnn] cfnf]kfnf] ;Qf rnfo/x]sf 5g\. To;}u/L!@ jif{df ag]sf]!) ;/sf/n] c;xh / c/fhs /fli6«o d'2fx?nfo{ ;xh agfpg / cgof}nnfo{ lgsf; lbg ;s]g. ha d'2f dxfdf/l ag5g\, To:tf] cj:yf eg]sf] /fhgllt cfkm}df hl6n ;d:of agg' xf]. oyfy{df jt{dfg /fhgllts kl/b[zo g]kfnsf] :jfwlgtf, :jtgqtf, lalwsf] zf;g / hgfsf+iffdfly s'7f/f3ft dfq xf]. of] uff7f] km'sfpg d'l:sn eo;s]sf] / emg emg h]lnb} hffbf] 5. df3 & ;Dddf ;+j}wflgs afwoftds ;t{ k"/f ug{ /fhgllts bnx? wdfwd lgjf{rgdf xf]ldpsf 5g\. of] Dof/fy'g bf}8n] r'gfj t xf]nf, b]zsf] klxrfg /xnf ls g/xnf < lsgeg] xfdl csf{sf v]tfnf / xfd f] d'n's csf{sf] k/]8 d}bfg agb} upsf] 5. ;/sf/egbf cfopghlcf] alnof] x'g' / /fli6«o ah]6egbf ltgsf] ah]6 a9l b]lvg' t/ ;dfgfgt/ cfopghlcf] ;/sf/sf] lgodg / lgu/fgl z"go cj:yfn] xfd f] nf]stgqnfo{ luhofo/x]sf] 5. 5}g, kf6l{x?sf] Wofg k6ss} Totf 5}g. lsgeg] kf6l{ g]tfx?sf] cfgb f klg cfopghlcf]x?;fu hf]l8psf] 5. a'l4hljl, ;+r]tg au{, gful/s ;dfh eg]sf] /fi6«sf k'fhl x'g\. of] k'fhln] /fhgllts bnx?nfo{ bafa lbg'k5{ ls cj Pp6f ;fd'lxs lehg ;fj{hlgs u/. cjsf]!) jif{df g]kfnnfo{ sxff k' ofpg] xf] < ug]{ s'g s'g sfd x'g\ < To;sf nflu ckl/jt{glo / ;j{dfgo l;4fgt, glltx? s] s] x'g\ < gful/s, g]tf, k zf;s, ;'/Iff lgsfo nufot ;a}n] kfngf ug}{kg]{ cfrf/;+lxtf s] xf] < o;/l Pp6f lehg :ki6 kf/]/ cl3 a9\g] xf] eg] /fhgllts laafb cfkm\gf] 7fpFdf /xg]5 eg] /fli6«o bflotjk lt ;a}n] st{joaf]w ug{] 5g\. lehg lgdf{0f u/f}+, lehg cg';f/ rnf}+.

5 { { % a}+s tyf laqlo ;+:yfx?alr dh{/ / PSjLlh;gsf] qmd ptsif{df 5. tkfo{+x?nfo{ r'qmfk"fhlsf] lx;fan] ;d:of 5}g. oxla]nf PgcfO8L;L 8]enkd]G6 a}+s;fusf] dh{/sf] sfd klg ;'? epsf] 5, sxff k'uof] k lqmof < PgcfO;L 8]enkd]G6 a} +s;fu PSjLlh;gsf] k lqmof lgs} cufl8 a9]sf] 5. ut r}tdf dgqlkl/ifbn] g} PgcfO8L;LnfO{ xfd f] a} +s;fu dh{/sf] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof]. lg0f{o j6f sld6l ag]sf lyp. Pp6f ;LOcf] n]ensf] jls{ªsf] sld6l klg 5, To;df xfdl b' 'O{ a} +ssf] ;LOcf], g]kfn /fi6«a} +ssf] 8fO/]S6/ 5f}, o;nfo{ cy{dgqfnon] ;+of]hg ul//x]sf] 5. csf]{, af]8{ n]ensf] sld6l klg ag]sf] 5. To;df hgf ;+rfns 5G, of] sld6lnfo{ klg cy{dgqfnon] g} ;+of]hg ul//x]sf] 5. b'j} sld6ln] sfd ;'? u/]sf 5g\. b'j}sf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6 dh{/sf] k :tfj kfl/t eo;s]sf] 5. xfd f]tkm{ g]6jy{ lgsfng] sfd eo/x]sf] 5 eg] PgcfO8L;L rflx l8l8psf] k lqmofdf 5. slxn];dd PsLs[t laqlo sf/f]af/ ;'? xf]nf < xfdln] c;f/ d;fgt;dd 6]lSgsn sfd ;DkGg ug]{ eg]sf 5f}. dnfo{ nfu5, c;f]hb]lv xfdl PsLs[t laqlo sf/f]af/ ;'? ul/;s5f}. ;]o/ :jfk /]l;of]sf] laifodf s]xl 6'+uf] nfuof] < b'j} a}+s ;/sf/sf] nueu k"0f{ nufglsf] a}+s x'g\. PgcfO8L;Ldf rflx! k ltztegbf sdsf] klans ;]o/ klg 5. l8l8p u/]kl5 klans ;]o/nfo{ s] ug]{ egg] s'/fsf] 6'+uf] nfu5, To;kl5 dfq ;]o/ :jfk /]l;of]sf] laifo cufl8 a9\nf. tkfo{sf] g]t[tjkl5 /fli6«o jfl0fho a}+s k ultkydf nlds/x]sf] b]lvg5. PgcfO8L;L ;d]t uflepkl5 Joj;fo, gfkmf tyf cgo ;"rsdf s:tf] kl/jt{g cfpnf < lglzrt?kn] k"fhlsf] lx;fan] xfdl alnof] a}+s x'g5f}, lsgeg] clxn] g} xfd f] * ca{ %* s/f]8 r'qmfk"fhl 5. PgcfO8L;Lsf] ;d]t ylkpkl5 k"fhldf 7"nf] km8\sf] dfl/g5. csf]{, g]6jy{ klg xfd f] lgs} 7"nf] j[l4 x'g5. Soflk6n a]; / u fxs ;+Vof 7"nf] x'g] epsf]n] xfdl dh{/kl5 b]zs} ;a}egbf 7"nf] ljsf; a}+s agg]5f}. /fli6«o jfl0fho a}+sdf g]t[tj ;Dxfn]kl5 g]u]l6e b]lvpsf sltko ;"rsdf ;d]t /fd f] ;'wf/ epsf] 5. of] cfly{s jif{ ;lsfbf;dd a}+ssf] ;du cj:yf s:tf] /xnf < ( dlxgfsf] l/hn6 cfo;s]sf] 5, dlxgf klg Joltt eo;s]sf] 5. xfd f] o;k6ssf] nio, l8kf]lh6df! va{ %% ca{ / C0fdf! ;o! ca{ C0fsf] lyof]. v"b gfkmf # ca{ dfly u5f} { egg] lyof]. egbf tn /fv5f} eg]sf lyof} +. clxn] l8kf]lh6df xfdlnfo{ r'gf}lt 5, 6fu] {6 k"/f ug{nfo{. nf]g xfd f]! ca{ k' 'lu;s]sf] 5. y8{ ca{ & s/f]8 v"b gfkmf u/]sf 5f}, cfly{s jif{ ;ls;sbf xfdl ;lhn} # ca{ gfkmf sdfpg] nio k flkt ug{ ;S5f}. klxnf xfdln] xfd f niox? ;fj{hlgs ubf{ sltkon] dxtjsf+iff a9l eof] klg eg]sf lyp. t/, cfhsf] lbgdf cfp/ x]bf{ xfdl niosf] glhs k' 'u]sf 5f}. w]/} cfly{s ;"rsx?df Jofks ;'wf/ u/]sf 5f}. c;f/ d;fgt;dd k' 'Ubf xfdln] k If]k0f u/]sf w]/} nio k"/f u5f} {. cl3nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t]>f] q}df;;dddf a}+ssf] hu]8fsf]if C0ffTds lyof]. t/, rfn'cfly{s jif{sf] t]>f] q}df;;dd ca{ ( s/f]8 kf]lhl6e 5. of] s;/l ;+ej eof] < xfdldf cfpsf] pnn]vglo / ls/0fs'df/ >]i7 ;LOcf], /fli6«o jfl0fho a} +s u'0fftds kl/jt{g g} oxl xf]. d'gfkmf h;/l j[l4 eo/x]sf] 5, ToxL g} o;sf] k d'v sf/0f xf]. g]6jy{ xfd f] kf]lhl6e 5, of] lx;fan] rfn' cfly{s jif{ ;lsfbf hu]8f sf]if # ca{ dfly k'ug] cj:yf 5. of] jif{ pnn]vglo 9+un] shf{ j[l4 uof}{, To;n] lbpsf] k ltkmn klg xf] g]6jy{ g]u]l6eaf6 kf]lhl6edf?kfgt/0f x'g'. d'gfkmf sf]/ ljlhg]zaf6 dfq al9/x]sf] 5 ls, ;DklQ klg laqml ul//xg'epsf] 5 < xfd f] sf]/ ljlhg]z g} xf]. crn ;DklQ xfdln] Pp6f klg laqml u/]sf 5}gf}. v/fa C0f cem l/se/ epsf] lyof] eg] d'gfkmf $ ca{ dfly k'uyof]. a}+ssf] laqlo cj:yf x]bf{ v"b Aofh cfdbfgl egbf ;+rfng cfdbfgl a9l b]lvg5. Aofh cfdbfgl a9fpg ;lspg eg] hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug{ r'gf}lt xf]nf lg < h'g rflx shf{sf] ef]no'd 5, To;sf] ef]no'd bf]>f] Sjf6{/b]lv a9]sf] 5. To;sf] Aofh clgtd Sjf6{/;Dd cfpf5. To;kl5 of] lkmu/df tfltjs kl/jt{g cfpf5. t]>f] q}df;sf] ljj/0f x]/]/} cflqg'kg]{ cj:yf 5}g. ;/sf/l a} +s epsf]n] l/6fo8{ sd{rf/lnfo{ k]g;g v'jfpg'kg] {. sd{rf/lsf] tna, k]g;g nufotdf lgs} 7"nf] vr{ b]lvg5. t]>f] q}df;;dds} ljj/0f x]bf{ klg sd{rf/l ca{!! s/f]8 vr{ epsf] b]lvof]. cjsfz ;'ljwf afkt ^) s/f]8 hu]8f ug{ 'kof] {. o;nfo{ Joj:yf ug] {, vr{ sd ug] { laifodf s]xl ;f]rg' 'epsf] 5 < xfd f k sf/sf ;fncl3 lgo'qm epsf sd{rf/ln] k]g;g kl5sf sd{rf/ln] xfdl b]zs} 7"nf] a}+s agb}5f}+ k"fhlsf] lx;fan] xfdl alnof] a}+s x'g5f}, lsgeg] clxn] g} xfd f] * ca{ %* s/f]8 r'qmfk"fhl 5. PgcfO8L;Lsf] ;d]t ylkpkl5 k"fhldf 7"nf] km8\sf] dfl/g5. csf]{, g]6jy{ klg xfd f] lgs} 7"nf] j[l4 x'g5. Soflk6n a]; / u fxs ;+Vof 7"nf] x'g] epsf]n] xfdl dh{/kl5 b]zs} ;a}egbf 7"nf] ljsf; a}+s agg]5f}. pkbfg dfq kfpf5g\. k]g;gsf] Joj:yfkg clxn] xfd f nflu 7"nf] r'gf}lt ag]sf] 5. k]g;g lng]x?sf] ;+Vof a9\b} hffbf of] laifon] w]/} hl6ntf lgdtofpsf] 5. tkfo{n] Psbd ;xl?kdf Ol08s]6 ug{'epsf] 5. cgo ljsnk egbf klg k]g;gnfo{ bl3{sfnlg bfoltj egbf klg s'g tl/sfn] sd{rf/lx?n] k]g;g egbf cgo ljsnk /f]h5g\ / k]g;g lno/x]sf sd{rf/lx?nfo klg s'g df]8fln6laf6 Psd'i6?kn] k]d]g6 uof]{ eg] nfdf] ;dosf] bfoltjaf6 ;+:yfnfo{ hf]ufpg ;Sg] / sd{rf/ln] klg kl5;ddsf] k ltkmn Ps}k6s clxn] g} kfoof] eg]/ cg'e"t u/fpg] u/l ljg ljgsf] kf]lhzgdf s]xl sfd ug{ ;lsg5 ls eg]/ xfdln] cwoog yfn]sf 5f}. shf{! ca{ eo;s]sf] 5 egg'eof]. kf]xf]/sf] oxl cjlwsf] t'ngfdf lgl:qmo shf{sf] cg'kft t 36]sf] 5, t/ ck]lift 9+un] 7"nf] ;'wf/ b]lvpg lg, lsg lg < xfd f] # sf] xf/fxf/ldf lyof] PglkPn, To;a]nf shf{ *$ ca{ lyof]. ca xfd f] nio PgkLPnnfO{ k ltztdf emfg]{ xf]. shf{ h'g cg'kftdf a9]sf] 5, Tof] cg'kftdf PglkPn a9]sf] 5}g. o;df klg cflqg] cj:yf 5}g, clxn];ddsf] cj:yf lgogq0fd} 5. /fli6«o jfl0fho a}+s k'/fgf] ;/sf/l a}+s xf]. oxffsf k'/fgf sd{rf/lx? k ljlwd}ql 5}gg\ egg] laifo k6s k6s p7\g] u5{. kl5nnf] ;do goff sd{rf/l egf{sf] k lqmof klg ;'? ug{'epsf] 5. ;Ifd sd{rf/laf6 a}+ssf] ;]jfnfo{ ;d;fdlos agfpg] laifodf s]xl ;f]rg'epsf] 5 < xfd f] a} +ssf] xsdf w]/}k6s lecf/p;-clgjfo{ cjsf; sfo{qmd_ cfo;s]sf] 5. clxn] :jtm?kdf l/6fo8{ x'g] sd{rf/lsf] ;+Vof 7"nf] 5. xfdln] goff sd{rf/l egf{nfo{ ;d]t tlj kf/]sf 5f}. clxn] klg xfdln] $ ;o ^) hgf sd{rf/l egf{sf] lj1fkg ul/;s]sf 5f}. Tof]dWo]! ;o (% hgfsf] lnlvt k/liff eo{ l/hn6 eo;s]sf] 5. affslsf] c;f/leq} x'g5. o;/l x]bf{ $ ;o ^) sd{rf/l ebf}leqdf cfo;s5g\. cfufdl jifl{ \eq xfdln] ;xfos :t/b]lv clws[t;dd Go"gtd yk % ;o sd{rf/l egf{ ub} {5f}. o;/l x]of} + jif{sf] cjlwdf xfdln] ( ;o ^) sd{rf/l egf{ Branch Office ug] {5f}. o;n] k'/fgf]nfo{ k lt:yfkg u5{. k'/fgf w]/} clgjfo{ cjsfzdf hffb}5g, To;sf/0f ca xfdln] lecf/p; NofP/ sd{rf/lnfo{ labf ug{ 'kg] { cj:yf 5}g. r'gf}lt olq dfq 5 ls, clxn] nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] k m]djsl{ \eq /x]/ goff sd{rf/l egf{ ug{ 'k5{, sltko cj:yfdf ;dosf sf/0f Tof] xfd f nflu r'gf}lt alg/x]sf] 5. a]nf a]nf /fli6«o jfl0fho a}+snfo{ klg klansdf n}hfg] egg] s'/f cfpf5. a]nf a]nf k lqmof g} ;'? eo;sof] klg elgg5. t/ km]l/ of] laifo PsfPs ;fd;'d eolbg5 < of] laifodf tkfo{;fu s'g} ck8]6 5 < #) k ltzt ;]o/ klansdf hfg] lg0f{o klxnf g} epsf] xf]. of] laifo tlj ultdf cufl8 a9]sf] 5}g. s'g ;dodf ug] {, s;/l ug] {, s'g df]8fln6ldf ug] egg] 5nkmn eo/x] klg k lqmofn] ult eg] lng ;s]sf] 5}g. ;/sf/l a}+s xffls/xg'epsf] 5, a}+s/ Ps ljzn]ifs klg xf]. tkfo{sf] lghl ljrf/df dh{/ / PSjLlh;gsf] nx/ 5 lg, o;k5fl8sf] g]kfnsf] a}lsª If]qsf] kl/b[zo s:tf] agnf < dh{/sf] h'g p2]zo lyof], Tof] ;tk ltzt k"/f epg. clxn]sf] jfl0fho a}+ssf] ;+Vof 36\nf egg] cfzf ul/psf] lyof]. kmfogfg; sdkgl / ljsf; a}+sdf w]/} dfqfdf Tof] s'/f nfu" eof]. sú ju{sf a}+ssf] ;jfndf Tof] s'/f nfu" epg, xsk baf6} k"fhlj[l4 ug{tkm{ nfu]. t/, Soflk6n a]; a9]sf sf/0f o;sf] ;sf/ftds k efj g} xf]nf. o;n] a}lsª If]qnfO{ alnof] g} agfpnf. Soflk6n a]; 7"nf] eof]. g]kfnh:tf] ;fgf] ahf/df Tof] cg';f/sf] ljlhg]z kfpg ufx f] x'g5 egg]x? klg b]lvpsf 5g\ < g]kfnsf] s'n hg;+vofsf] ^) k ltzt a}lsª kx'fregbf aflx/ g} 5. To;sf/0f, oxff a}+s w]/} ep egbf klg hxff d'gfkmf Hofbf x'g5, hxff k f]lkm6 ;]G6/x? 5G, hxff ;'ud / zx/ s]gb Lt 5, ToxfF dfq a}+s up. ;/sf/n] ca & ;o $$ :yfglo txsf] s]gb df a}+sx?sf] zfvf k'of{pg eg]sf] 5, of] sfd eof] eg] o;n] cfkm\gf] Soflk6n a]; cg';f/ ljlhg]z kfpf5g / o;n] ;du d'n'ss} cfly{s ljsf;df 7"nf] e"ldsf ;d]t v]ng ;S5. & ;o $$ :yfgd} a}+ssf] zfvf vf]ng klg t r'gf}lt xf]nf lg < a}+s ufpfdf k'of{pg'k5{, of] laifo lglj{jfb 5. o;sf nflu xfdln] :kl8df hfg'kof]{, xfdl cfkm}+n] sd{rf/l egf{ ug{ kfpfb}gf}. of] k lqmofaf6 Tof] Doflrª epg. xfdl Dofg'Pn l;:6ddf 5}gf}, 6]Sgf]nf]hL a];df sfd u5f}{. sg]ls6lle6l gk'u]sf] 7fpFdf s;/l hfg] egg] csf]{ r'gf}lt 5. a}+ssf] k};f ;'/lift 7fpFdf /fvg'k5{. ;'/Iff s;/l ug]{ egg] csf]{ r'gf}lt 5. xfd f] snr/ / sfd ug]{ z}nl, ceo:t epsf 7fpF lr/kl/rt 7fpF g} xf]. xfdl ^* lhnnfdf 5f},! ;o &$ zfvf 5g\. xfd f nflu eg] r'gf}ltk"0f{ 5}g. t/, ;a} a}+ssf nflu eg]sf] a]nfdf k"jf{wf/ g} gepsf] cj:yfdf & ;o $$ :yfgdf k'ug] egg] s'/f rflx r'gf}ltk"0f{ g} xf]nf. -lah;fnf68sd_ SUBHA LAXMI Head Office Sundhara,Kathmandu Phone : Arjun: , Birgunj,Ghantaghar, Phon : , Shekhar : , Raju jee : Birgunj : Bus Park, Sitaram jee : BIRGUNJ, KATHMANDU GAUSHALA

6 F ^ lbk a:g]tsf] k ltzf]wsf] l;sf/==== elg/xsf] 5. t/ P]gn] u/]sf] Joj:yfn] s'g}klg s/bftfnfo{ cof]usf] calw x'g]j]nf;dd dfq} ph'/l lbg kfpg] Joj:yf ul/psf] c;f]hdf cfof]usf] ;dofjlw ;lspkl5 cfpsf ph'/lsf] s'g} cy{ / cf}lrto x'g] cj:yf ;f] P]gn] u/]sf] 5}g. hjsl cfof]usf] calw /x'gh]n;dd ;f] pk/ s'g}klg k sf/sf] ph'/l k fkt epsf] 5}g. To:t} cof]u u7gsf] sf] bkmf!$ df lnvt uf]ko /xg] ;Gbe{df elgpsf] 5M cfof]udf k :t't ul/psf sfuhkqx? Tyf cfof]usf] sf/jfxlsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ; f]taf6 yfxf x'g cfpsf s'/fx? uf]ko /fvg'kg]{ pnn]v ul/psf] 5. o:t} To:tf] sfuhkqx? / uf]ko s'/fx? s/ lgwf{/0f jf c;"nlsf] k of]hgsf lgldq afx]s cgo sfddf k sfz ul/g] jf s'g} cbfntdf k df0f nfug] 5}g / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt lagf s'g} clwsf/ln] lg/lif0f jf cg';gwfgsf] nflu ;d]t dfu ug{ ;Sg]5}g. x]/f}f P]gsf] bkmf!$ M clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cfof]un] r'8fdl0f zdf{nfo{ lgogq0fdf lno{ ul/psf] cg';gwfg P]gsf] ;f] bkmfsf] 7f8f] pn+3g dfq} xf]og /fhosf P]g sfg'g dfgg gkg]{ pgsf] dg;fo /x]sf] k i6 b]lvpsf] 5. lsgsl clvtof/sf] of] sbd s/ km5of}{6 ;Fu l;wf aflempsf] dfq} 5}g o;sf] dd{ / efjgfdf ;d]t udel/ pn+3g epsf] 5. olb o;f] ug{'g} lyof] eg] o; cuf8l g} ;+;b dfkm{t of] P]g ;+;f]wg ug{'kg]{ of vf/]h ug{'kg]{ lyof]. bkmf!$ cg';f/ clvtof/n] ;/f;/ cfkm\gf] so{if]qsf] pn+3g dfq} u/]sf] 5}g /fhosf P]g sfg'gsf] whhl p8fpb} cfkm' cg's'n xs{t ug]{ 5'6 kfpsf] h;/l clvtof/ cuf8l a9]sf] 5. klxnf] s'/f t olb To:tf sfuh kqx?sf] lg/lif0f ug{'kg]{ epdf klg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt lng'kg]{ elgpsf] 5. g]kfn ;/sf/ eg]sf] dgqlkl/ifb xf] / tl sfuhkq, k ltj]bgx? pk/ lg/lif0f / cg';gwfg ug{sf nflu dlgqkl/ifbsf] cg'dlt cfazos k5{ t/ clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cof]usf] rngl ;fn h]7!( ut] r'8fdl0f zdf{sf gfddf sfuhft ;lxt pkl:yt x'g cfpg] elg k] l;t ul/psf] ctogt h?/l uf]ko kqdf cy{ dgqfnosf] kq k fkt eo{ Joxf]/f cjut g} epsf] xf]nf elg pnn]v ul/psf] 5. o;af6 s] a' g h?/l 5 eg] clvtof/n] tl sfuhft cg';gwfgsf nflu dlgqkl/ifbsf] xf]og cy{dgqfnosf] dfq} cg'ldt lnpsf] a'lempsf] 5. o; ;Gbe{df ljutsf] 36gf klg dxtjk"0f{ b[i6fgt x'g] b]lvg5. ;f]lx P]g adf]lhd Pp6} k s[lt clwsf/ st{jo ;lxt df gf/fo0f/fh ltjf/lsf] cwoiftfdf u7g epsf] s/ km5\of}{6 cfof]usf] k ltj]bg ;Gbe{df ttsfnlg clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cfof]usf sfo{jfxs k d'v nlntaxfb'/ lndj'n] cg';gwfg ug{'kg]{ elg k7fpsf] kqdf cfgtl/s /fh:j ljefu hf] s/ km5\of}{6 cof]usf] ;lrjfnosf]?kdf Tolta]nf klg sfd u/]sf] lyof] p;n] olx P]gsf] xjfnf lbfb} of] cfof]usf] sfd sf/jfxl clvtof/sf] cg';gwfgsf] sof{if]q leq gkg]{ Joxf]/fsf] kq n]lv k7fpsf] lyof]. ttsfnlg cj:yfdf xfnsf clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cfof]usf k d'v cfo'qm lbk a:g]t ljefusf] dxflgb]{zs x'g'x'gyof] eg] ljefusf] pkdxflgb]{zssf] x}l;otn] jt{dfg cy{ ;lrj zfgt/fh ;'j]bln] kq n]vg' epsf] lyof]. ljefusf] ;f] kq k fkt u/]kl5 ttsfnlg clvtof/sf sfo{jfxfs k d'v cfo'qm lndj'n] ;f] ljifo lkmtf{ lng' epsf] lyof]. ca udel/ k Zg 5 olx P]g Pp6} clwsf/ / pxl st{jo ;lxt u7g epsf] ttsfnlg cof]usf xsdf lnvt uf]ko /xg] bkmf k efljt x'g] / ;f]lx bkmf adf]lhd ttsfnlg k d'v cfo'qmn] ;f] P]gsf] kfngf ug{'kg]{ t/ lbk a:g]t k d'v cfo'qm epsf] a]nf rflxf of] P]g kfngf ug{' gkg]{ xf] / < sl d'n'ssf P]g, lgod / sfg'g klg JolQm lkr5] g} km/s km/s x'g5 < cfkm' ;b:o ;lrj /x]sf a]nf 1ft epsf] lnvt uf]ko /xg] bkmf cfkm' k d'v cfo'qm x'g] lalts} rflxf c1ft s;/l eof] < sl pgsf nflu of] P]g dflg/xg' gkg]{ xf] < nf]stgqdf lalw / k lqmof dxtj"0f{ xf] JolQm xf]og. :yflkt lalw / d'no dfgotf /fhosf ;a} lgsfo / ;+:yfx?n] kfngf ug{'k5{. otf P]gsf] bkmf!& df c;n lgotn] u/]sf]df arfp zlif{sdf o:tf] pnn]v ul/psf] 5M of] P]g jf o; P]g cgt{ut ag]sf] lgodadf]lhd c;n lgotn] u/]sf] jf ug{ vf]lhpsf] s'g} sfd sf/afxlsf] lgldq cfof]u, cfof]usf s'g} ;b:o jf cfof]usf cfb]z tyf lgb]{zg adf]lhd sfd ug]{ s'g} JolQmsf] la?4 s'g} d'2f jf sfg'gl sf/afxl rnfpg kfpg] 5}g elg pnn]v ul/psf] 5. x]/f}f P]gsf] bkmf!& /fhosf nflu dxtjk"0f{ lg0f{o lng'kg]{ epsf sf/0f xf]nf P]g lgdf{0fsf avt cof]unfo{ cl;ldt clwsf/ pknaw u/fpsf] 5. cfly{s laifo Tof] klg /fhosf] /fh:j h:tf] udel/ ljifodf dxtjk"0f{ lg0f{o lng'kg]{ epsfn] olt w]/} cl;ldt clwsf/ / ;'/Iff of] P]gn] cof]u / cfof]usf kbflwsf/lsf nflu pknaw u/fopsf] 5. r'8fdl0f zdf{ pk/ sf/afxl rnfpg] clvtof/sf] of] sbd ;d]t of] P]gsf] alv{nfk /x]sf] 5. P]gn] lbpsf] clwsf/ k of]u ul/ sfo{ ;Dkfbg u/]sf clwsf/l dfly rnfopsf] of] sf/afxl dflysf] bkmfsf] la?4 /x]sf] k i6} x'g5. s/ km5of}{6 cof]u df pnn]lvt a'fbfn] s/ km5\of}{6 cfof]unfo{ cl;ldt clwsf/ dfq} lbpsf] 5}g Tolts} ;'/Iff klg k bfg u/]sf] 5. ca To; cof]udf lgo'qm x'g] s'g} klg kbflwsf/l cfkm\gf] rfxfgf / OR5fn] lgo'qm x'g] klg xf]og. ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] ljzjf;sf cfwf/df To; cfof]usf kbflwsf/l rog ug]{ xf]. ca o; cfof]u dfkm{t olb /fhosf]ifdf xflg gf]s;fgl epsf] xf] eg] o; k sf/sf] cfof]u of] klxn k6s u7g epsf] xf]og. )$^ ;fn kl5 dfq} klg ( k6s o:tf] cfof]usf] u7g eo;s]sf] 5. s/ km5of}{6 ug]{ eg]sf] b]lvpsf] c+s egbf sd c+sg} /fhosf]ifdf bflvnf x'g] cj:yf xf] eg]/ klg a' g' cfjzos 5. hlt c+s b]lvpsf] 5 ;f]lx cg';f/sf] s/ bflvnf /fhosf] sf]ifdf x'g] epsf] ep o; k sf/sf] cfof]u agfpg'kg]{ cj:yf ;d]t kss} /xg] lypg.?u0f / c;'n pk/ x'g c;dej epsf s/x?nfo{ b'o{klifo 5nkmnsf cfwf/df goff ;]6nd]06 ug{sf nflu g} o; k sf/sf cof]ux? u7g epsf x'g. s] o:tf] cfof]u klxnf] k6s u7g eof] < kss} klg o:tf] cfof]u klxnf] k6s u7g epsf] xf]og. g dxfn]vfn kl/ifssf] sfof{nfon] k Zg u/]sf] of] klxnf] cfof]u g} xf]. xfdln] dfly g} rrf{ uof}{ ls )$^ ;fnsf] kl/jt{g kl5 dfq} o:tf cfof]u ( j6f u7g eo;s]sf 5g. Pp6} P]gsf] cfwf/, pxl k fjwfg, p:t} lhdd]jf/l / st{jo ;lxt u7g epsf o;cl3sf cof]ux?sf] xsdf 5fgljg cg';gwfg x'g' gkg]{ sf/0f lsg < olb o; cof]u dfkm{t e i6frf/ epsf] dfgg] xf] eg] o;cl3sf klg ;a} cfof]udf e i6frf/ epsf] 5. lsgsl s'g}klg cfof]un] p7fpg'kg]{ elg b]lvpsf] /fh:jsf] c+s 36L g} lgwf{/0f u/]sf 5g o;cl3sf cfof]ux?n] klg. / nfdf] ;dob]lv dxfn]vf k/lifssf k ltj]bgx?n] klg o:tf cfof]usf ;Gbe{df k Zg v8f u/]sf 5g. ;osf] ;o k ltzt c+s /fh:jdf hddf x'g] epsf] ep To:tf] cj:yfdf lsg o:tf] cfof]u u7g ug{'kg]{ lyof] / < cem o;df dxtjk"0f{ kif s] 5 eg] lautsf cgo cfof]usf] sfol{\alw / sfd ug]{ tl/sf km/s epklg &! / ^# df ckgfopsf] sfol{\alw eg] h:tfsf] t:t} /x]sf] 5. ^# ;fndf ;f] cfof]un] h] dfkb08 ckgfpsf] lyof] l7s &! ;fndf klg Tolx dfkb08 ckgfopsf] 5. lsgls &! ;fnsf] cof]usf cwoif n'dawjh dxt To;cl3 ^# ;fndf u7g epsf] cfof]usf ;d]t ;b:o /x]sf lyp. cwoif dxtn] cfkm\gf] k'/fgf] cg'ejs} cfwf/df &! ;fndf s/ 5'6sf] dfkb08 / sfol{\alw lgwf{/0f u/]sf lyp. ca k Zg v8f x'g5 &! ;fnsf] cof]u dfkm{t e i6frf/ epsf] ep kssf 5 e i6frf/ ^# ;fnsf] cof]u dfkm{t klg epsf] 5 lsgeg] Tolta]nf klg &! ;fns} h:tf] ul/ s/ 5'6 lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 h'g b'j} cfof]usf] dfkb08 / sfol{\alw x'jx' /x]sf] 5. o; cfof]udf a;]sf r'8fdl0f zdf{ sf/afxlsf] eflubf/ x'g] t/ To; cfof]udf a;]sf lbk a:g]tn] rflxf pgd'lqm kfpg' kg]{ sf/0f lsg < olb o; cfof]u dfkm{t e i6frf/ epsf] ep cl3nnf] cfof]udf klg ;f]lx k s[ltsf] e i6frf/ epsf] 5 / r'8fdl0fnfo{ sf/afxl eph;/l lbk a:g]t dfyl klg ;+;b dfkm{t dxfcleof]u nufp/ 5fgljg ug{'k5{ / /fhosf]ifsf] lx;fj ;a}af6 af/af/ lng'k5{. /fhosf] gh/df b'j} cof]udf ;dfg x}l;otdf a;]sf zdf{ / a:g]t ;dfg x'g. gq Pp6} k s[ltsf] lhdd]jf/l lgjf{x ug]{ b'o{ /fi6«;]jsnfo{ km/s km/s dfkb08 lsg < / csf]{ dxtjk'0f{ s'/f lt b'o{ cfof]u dfq} xf]og o;k sf/sf ;a} cof]unfo{ lsg 5fgljgsf] bfo/fdf gnofpg] < sf/afxl ug{'kg]{ ep ;a}nfo{ ug{'kg]{ gq Pp6} P]gn] lbpsf] clwsf/ k of]u ug]{ &! ;fnsf kbflwsf/l dfylsf] wfjf af]nfo{ sbfjl Gofo;+ut 5}g. ol ;a} laifosf] ;'Id cwoog ubf{ s] a'lemg5 eg] of] s'g} e i6frf/sf] cg';gwfg ug{ / /fhosf] lxt ug{ rflnpsf] sbd xf]og ls clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cof]usf k d'v cfo'qm lbk a:g]tsf] cfkm\gf] JolQmut l/l;lj ;fwg of] lg0f{o lnpsf 5g. cfkm\gf] :jfyl{\;l4sf nflu r'8fdl0f zdf{nfo{ sf]kefhgdf kfg]{ sfd pglaf6 epsf] 5. /fho / /fhosf ;a} c+u lalwsf] zf;gaf6 rng'k5{ ha ha s'g}klg ;+:yfx? lalwsf] zf;gaf6 xf]og JolQmsf] nx8, ;gs / :jfy{af6 rng yfnb5g ta pglx?nfo{ 7Ls 7fpFdf /fvgsf nflu ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] Wofg ;dod} hfg'k5{. gq /fhosf P]g sf'g'gsf] whhl p8fpg] clwsf/ s;}nfo{ 5}g. P]g / ;f] cfof]u cfhsf] lbgdf cfjzos 5}g eg] ;dod} /fhgllts g]t[tj / ;+;bn] vf/]h jf ;+;f]wg ug{'k5{. -cfhsf] Go'h_ lkmkmf clwsf/lnfo{ 3'; lbg!) jifl{of aflnsf k of]u sf] lkmkmf ljzjsk km'6ansf] cfof]hgf xft kfg{ nfvf} 8n/ 3'; lbpsf] bfal ul/psf] 5. stf/sf nfv ldlnog 8n/ 3'; lbg lkmkmfsf!) jifl{of 5f]/LnfO{ k of]u ul/psf] hd{glsf] lan8 kqsf/n] d+unaf/ v'nf;f u/]sf] xf]. t/, lkmkmf clwsf/lsf] / pgsl 5f]/Lsf] gfd eg] ;fj{hlgs ul/psf] 5}g. lkmkmfsf] OlyS; sld6ln] tof/ kf/]sf] l/kf]6{ cfkm"n] k fkt u/]sf] klqsfn] bfal u/]sf] xf]. OlyS; sld6ln] df tof/ kf/]sf] l/kf]6{ ttsfnlg lkmkmf clwsf/lx n] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf lypgg. lkmkmfsf] OlyS; sld6lsf ldr]n ufl;{ofn] tlg jif{cl3 l/kf]6{ tof/ u/]sf] lyp. t/, l/kf]6{sf] ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf] tyf bf]ifln] pgd'lqm kfpg ;Sg] cfz+sf ub{ } ufl;{ofn] kbaf6 /fhlgfdf lbpsf lyp. ufl;{ofn] ljz]ifu/l ljzjsksf] cfof]hgfsf] ljifodf epsf] 3'; n]gb]gdf lj:t[t cwoog u/]sf lyp. t/,k ltj]bgsf] w]/} tyo ;fj{hlgs lkmkmfsf clwsf/ln] c:jlsf/ u/]sf lyp. lan8n] d+unaf/ cfkm"n] $ ;o # k]hsf] lkmkmf e i6frf/sf] kmfon k fkt u/]sf] v'nf;f u/]sf] xf]. t/, ;a} tyox lj:tf/} k sflzt ug{ ] atfopsf] 5. k ltj]bgdf lkmkmfsf sfo{sf/l ;b:ox a flhnsf] l/of] bl hg]l/of]df lghl h]6 ljdfgdf upsf] atfopsf] 5. sf] ljzjsksf] cfof]hssf] 6' +uf] nfug'cl3 pglx stf/sf] km'6an ;+3sf] k fof]hgdf l/of] upsf lyp. o:t}, stf/sf] P:kfo/ Ps]8]dLn] lkmkmfsf clwsf/lsf] ef]6nfo{ k efljt kfg{ ljlegg lqmofsnfk u/]sf] klg atfopsf] 5. o;cl3 lkmkmfsf] ljifodf bvn /fvg] Ps kqsf/n] df ljzjsk xft kfg{ 3'; lbopsf] ljifodf s'g} 7f]; k df0f gepsf] bfal ub{ } cfpsf lyp. t/, goff v'nf;f;fu} pgsf] bfal unt epsf] 5. dfln+ufnfo{ ^ dlxgf k ltagw >Ln+sg lqms]6 6f]nLsf tla ultsf an/ nfly; dfln+ufnfo{ ^ dlxgfsf] k ltagw nufopsf] 5. >Ln+sf lqms]6n] a'waf/ dfln+ufnfo{ k ltagw nufpg'sf ;fy} cfufdl Pslbj;Lo v]nsf] %) k ltzt Dofr lkm hl/jfgf lt/fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf]. >Ln+sfsf v]ns'b dgql bfof>l ho;]sf/fnfo{ ;fj{hlgs kdf ckzab af]n]sf sf/0f dfln+ufnfo{ k ltagw nufopsf] xf]. ckzab afn]kl5 >Ln+sf lqms]6sf] 5fglag ;ldltn] dfln+ufnfo{ ;f]wk'5 u/]sf] lyof]. 5fglag sld6ln] dfln+ufnfo{ bf]ifl 7x/ ub{ } sf/afxlsf nflu l;kmfl/; u/]sf] lyof]. sf/afxl;fu} lhdafa]lj?4 l;l/hsf nflu 3f]if0ff ul/psf] /fli6«o 6f]nLaf6 dfln+ufsf] gfd x6fopsf] 5. dfln+uf lhdafa]lj?4sf] ;'?jftl b'o{ v]ndf >Ln+sg 6f]nLdf ;dfj]z lyp. 5fglag ;ldltn] u/]sf] ;f]wk'5df dfln+ufn] cfkm'n] ulnt u/]sf] :jlsf/ u/]sf lyp. d+unaf/ ;f]wk'5sf nflu pkl:yt epsf dfln+ufn] sf/afxl ef]ug tof/ epsf] atfpfb} dfkml dfu]sf 5g\. #% ca{df cfolkpnsf] 6fO6n k fof]hg d'dao{ lrlgoff df]afon ptkfbs sdkgl leef]n] #% ca{!* s/f]8?k}offdf OlG8og lk ldo/ lnu -cfolkpn_ lqms]6sf] 6fO6n -zlif{s_ k fof]hg u/]sf] 5. leef]n] cfufdl kffr l;hg nflu d+unaf/ cfolkpn;fu k fof]hg ;Demf}tf u/]sf] xf]. of] /sd kl5nnf] kffr jif{sf] t'ngfdf $ ;o %$ k ltzt a9l xf]. o;cl3 leef]n] df cfolkpn;fu k fof]hg ;Demf}tf u/]sf] lyof]. leef]n] k fof]hg ug{ 'cl3 k]lk;sf] OlG8ofn] kffr jif{sf nflu # ;o (^ s/f]8 ef/tlo?k}offdf k fof]hg u/]sf] lyof]. leef]n] u/]sf] goff ;Demf}tf kl5nnf] jif{sf] egbf!% k ltzt a9l xf]. leef]afx]s cgo b'o{ df]afon sdkgl lhof]gl / OG6]S;n] klg k fof]hgsf nflu lgj]bg lbp klg af]nsaf]ndf ;xeful epgg\. 6fO6n k fof]hgsf nflu d+unaf/ d'dao{df ul/psf] af]nsaf]ndf cfolkpnsf cwoif /fhlj z'snf tyf lal;l;cfo{sf sfo{jfxs ;lrj cldtfe pkl:yt lyp. leef]n] u/]sf] k fof]hg ;Demf}tfn] cfolkpnsf] nf]slk otfsf] dfkg u/]sf] lal;l;cfo{sf l;ocf] /fx'n hf]/ln] atfp. jfl;d gda/ Ps an/ kfls:tfgsf Odfb jfl;d cfol;;l an/sf] klxnf] j/lotfdf klxnf]k6s k'u]sf 5g\. zlif{ :yfgdf /x]sf blif0f clk msfsf Od fg tflx/ t]; f] :yfgdf em/]sf 5g\. j/lotfsf] bf]; f] :yfgdf ef/tsf hl:k t a'd fx 5g\. blif0f clk msfn] O+UNofG8lj?4sf] tlg v]nsf] n] xf/]sf] ef]lnkn6 j/lotf ;fj{hlgs ul/fbf jfl;d klxnf] :yfgdf plsnpsf x'g\. kfls:tfgn] RoflDkoG; 6«kmL lhtbfsf dxtjk"0f{ v]nf8l jfl;dsf] bf]; f] :yfgsf ef/tsf h;lk t a'd fxegbf!^ /]l6ª a9l 5. Odfbsf] /]l6ª & ;o *) 5. ef/tsf tla ultsf an/ a'd fxsf] & ;o ^$ /]l6ª 5. O+UNofG8lj?4sf] l;l/h xfg{ 'cl3 zlif{ j/lotfdf /x]sf tflx/ t]; f] :yfgdf embf{ rf}yf] :yfgdf ckmuflg:tfgsf /l;b vfg 5g\ eg] kffrf} F :yfgdf j]:6 OlG8hsf :ofd'on ab L /x]sf 5g\. Aof6\;Dofgsf] klxnf] j/lotfdf ef/tsf sktfg lj/f6 sf]xnl sfdo} 5g\. sf]xnlsf] & ;o (( /]l6ª 5. bf]; f] j/lotfdf /x]sf c:6«]lnofsf cf/f]g lkmgrsf] & ;o *& tyf t]; f] :yfgsf Go'lhNofG8sf s]g lalnodg;sf] & ;o $% /]l6ª 5. rf}yf] :yfgdf & ;o!* /]l6ª epsf c:6«]lnofsf Un]g DofS;j]n tyf kffrff } :yfgdf ^ ;o (( /]l6ªsf ;fy O+UNofG8sf hf]p?6 5g\. cn/fpg8sf] klxnf] j/lotfdf a+unfb]zsf ;lsa cn x;g -#%#_, bf]; f] :yfgdf c:6«]lnofsf DofS;j]n -#$#_, t]; f] :yfgdf ckmuflg:tfgsf df]xdb gfal -@&%_, rf}yf] :yfgdf j]:6 OlG8hsf dfnf{ ]g :ofd'on; -@&!_ / kffrf} F :yfgdf ef/tsf o'j/fh l;+x -@!)_ 5g\.

7 { { & w'd'{; ;'GtnLnfO{ dbg e08f/l k'/:sf/ xf:o snfsf/åo ;Ltf/fd s ]n-w'd'{;_ / s'~hgf l3ld/]-;'gtnl_ o; jif{sf] dbg e08f/l k'/:sf/af6 k'/:s[t epsf 5g\. ^^cf}f dbg hgdhogtlsf cj;/df dbg e08f/l kmfpg8];gåf/f a'waf/ /fhwfgldf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf pglx k'/:s[t epsf x'g\. sfo{qmddf Pdfn] cwoif s]kl zdf{ cf]nln] s ]n bdktlnfo{ hgxl Ps Ps nfv?k}fof gub /flzsf] k'/:sf/ k bfg u/]. e"sdkkll8tsf nflu gd'gf PsLs[t a:tl lgdf{0f u/l ;fdflhs ;]jfsf] If]qdf of]ubfg u/]afkt pglx k'/is[t epsf x'g\. cl3nnf] jif{ 8f= eujfg\ sf]o/fnf / dxfjl/ k'g ;f] k'/:sf/af6 k'/:s[t epsf lyp. sfo{qmddf af]nb} s]kl cf]nl, sf+u ]; g]tf 8f= /fdz/0f dxt, dfcf]jfbl s]gb sf g]tf gf/fo0fsfhl >]i7, kmf]/d nf]stflgqs g]kfnsf pkfwoif lht]gb gf/fo0f b]j, ;+3Lo ;dfhjfbl kmf]/dsf k d'v ;r]ts 8f= lzjhl ofbj nufot g]tfn] snfsf/åo w'd'{; ;'GtnLn] lgdf{0f ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] gd'gf g]kfnú kl/of]hgsf nflu z'esfdgf JoQm u/]sf lyp. cleg]tf s ]nn] ;+;f/e/ g]kfnsf] klxrfg :yflkt x'g] u/l kl/of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{ nflupsfn] ;a} If]qaf6 ;xof]usf] ck]iff /fv]sf] atfp. sf7df8f}+df cflbjf;l rnlrq dxf]t;j /fhwfgldf cfufdl c;f/!& ut]b]lv tlg lbg cflbjf;l hghflt rnlrq dxf]t;jú x'g] epsf] 5. sf7df8f}+sf] ko{6g af]8{df rng] dxf]t;jsf] cfof]hgf g]kfn cflbjf;l hghflt rnlrq dxf;+3n] ug{ nfu]sf] xf]. dxf;+3n] ut jif{ lkmnd k bz{g tyf cgtlq{mof sfo{qmd u/]sf] lyof]. lkmndsdl{ tyf ;xeful bz{ssf] ;'emfacg';f/ dxf;+3n] o;k6s dxf]t;j ug{ nfu]sf] xf]. dxf]t;jdf ljlegg cflbjf;l ;d'bfosf!* j6f lkmnd k bz{g ul/g]5. ;s];dd w]/} cflbjf;l ;d'bfosf] k ltlglwtj x'g] u/l lkmnd 5gf]6 ul/psf] cfof]hs dxf;+3sf cwoif cd[taxfb'/ ;'g'jf/n] cjut u/fp. cflbjf;l snf, efiff / ;+:s[lt a'em\gsf nflu dxf]t;j pkof]ul x'g] ljzjf; ;'g'jf/n] k s6 u/]. k To]s lkmndnfo{ cfof]hsn] k f]t;fxg:j k kffr xhf/?k}off k bfg ug]{5. g]kfnsf] lkmnd dxf]t;jdf ;xefulnfo{ gub pknaw u/fpg nfu]sf] of] klxnf] cj;/ xf]. dxf]t;jdf cjf8{sf] Joj:yf 5}g. t/, dxf]t;jsf] clgtd lbg bz{s5gf]6 cjf8{ kfpg] xhf/?k}offn] k'/:s[t ul/g]5. bz{sn] l6s6sf] cws L k of]u u/]/ cfkm\gf] dt k bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\. dxf]t;jdf 5gf]6 epsf lkmnddf sd{ Sof -u'?ª_, agyl -dfeml_, km]s] -d'ufn_, bvn -/fhj+zl_, k'jfnf] -/fo{_, Aof;f -/fo{_, gfuf -gfuf_, k]sf];fdf -lnda"_, lhltof -yf _, nf]daf -du/_, a'daf -tfdfª_, snnl -g]jf/_, :6f]/L ckm 6fOd -g]jf/_, ª\of] y'd} -u'?ª_, Tofu -u'?ª_, 6f9fsf] dfof -u'?ª_, 5\ofFafx fdl -u'?ª_ / u'7 -du/_ 5g\. s[sf] km:6{n's xfn ;'l6ª eo/x]sf] lkmnd s[úsf] km:6{n's kf]:6/ ;fj{hlgs ul/psf] 5. ;'/]Gb kf}8]nsf] lgb{]zgdf e'jg s];l / ;'jf; lu/l lgdf{tf /x]sf] s[sf] kf]:6/df cgdf]n s];lnfo{ PS;g cjtf/df k :t't ul/psf] 5. sflt{s # ut] k bz{g x'g] lkmnddf cgdf]nsf ;fy ;/f]h vgfn, kf /fgf, cg'kljqmd zfxl, clblt a'9fyf]sl, sfd]zj/ rf}/l;ofnufotn] clego u/]sf 5g\. ;'/]Gb s} syf / ;Dkfbg /x]sf] lkmndsf] 5fof+sf/ k'?iff]qd k wfg x'g\. b'o{ s/f]8egbf a9l nufgl nfug] atfopsf] s[ú;fu} /]vf yfkfsf]?b lk ofú / /d]z pk ]tlsf] P]Zjof{Ú k bz{g x'g] ahf/df rrf{ 5. b]zk/b]zsf] d'x"t{ lgb{]zs /fh' lu/ln] goff lkmnd b]z k/b]zúsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\. c;f/ t]; f] ;ftfaf6 ;'l6ª yflng] lkmndsf] a'waf/ /fhwfgldf z'ed'x"t{ ul/of]. /fh' lu/l k f]8s;g / ;f]gl lkmnd;\sf] Aofg/df agg] lkmnddf ;fl/sf s];l, k ]d ;f]gl, z"/jl/ kl08t, knk;f 8+uf]n, /ZdL e, z]/axfb'/ u'?ªnufotn] clego ub{} 5g\. lgb{]zs lu/ln] b]z k/b]zn] lgs} uxg ljifo p7fpsf] bfal u/]sf 5g\. /fh'sf dvdnlú, lagbf; $Ú, lzjd\únufotsf lkmnd k bz{gsf] qmddf 5g\. Ps;fy tlg k ltof]lutf x'g] Ps} d~rdf Ps;fy ld; /fhwfgl, ld:6/ /fhwfgl / ld;]h /fhwfgl )!& u/l tlgj6f k ltof]lutf ul/g] epsf] 5. PS;kf]h g]kfnn] cfotaf/ lj1lktdfkm{t Ps;fy ol tlg km/s k ltof]lutfsf] cfj]bg v'nf ul/psf] hgfpsf] 5. ld; /fhwfgl / ld:6/ /fhwfgldf!% b]lv!( jif{;ddsf cljjflxt o'jfo'jtl / ld;]; /fhwfgldf jif{b]lv $% jif{ ggf3]sf ljjflxt dlxnfn] efu lng kfpg] k fjwfg /flvpsf] 5. o'jfo'jtl tyf ljjflxtnfo{ ;d]t k f]t;flxt ug{ tlg lsl;dsf k ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ul/psf] syg PS;kf]h g]kfnsl k agw lgb{]zs cr{gf yfkfsf] 5. z]/axfb'/ agb} /ft] sfo nf z]/axfb'/ú gfds lkmnd lgdf{0f x'g] epsf] 5. lkmndsf] d+unaf/ /fhwfgldf z'ed'x"t{ ul/of]. /fh' /fhj+zlsf] lgb{]zgdf agg] lkmnddf ;'gln yfkf z]/axfb'/ agg] epsf 5g\. k'/fgf Sofd]/fDofg uf}/lz+s/ w'h" / wl/h /fhj+zl lgdf{tf /x]sf] lkmndsf] clwsf+z b[zo ;]6df lvlrg] atfopsf] 5. z]/axfb'/n] cfkm"nfo{ /ft] sfofnfemf} goff kl/ro lbg] ljzjf; cleg]tf yfkfsf] 5. pgn] cfkm" oxl lkmndsf nflu d'dao{af6 /fhwfgl cfpsf] bfal u/]sf 5g\. lkmnddf yfkfsf ;fydf d]g'sf k wfg, sdf{, /jlgb emfnufotn] clego ub{} 5g\. w'h"n] emg8} 8]9 bzscl3 3'D6f]Ú gfds lkmnd lgdf{0f u/]sf lyp. Pg;]ndf æ;a}nfo{ pkxf/ x/]s lbg nuftf/æ ckm/ df]afon ;]jfk bfos sdkgl Pg;]nn] u fxsnlift ;a}nfo{ pkxf/ x/]s lbg nuftf/ú of]hgf NofPsf] 5. o;cgt{ut Pg;]nsf u fxsn] ca #) lbg;dd x/]s lbg cfsif{s af]g; pkxf/ kfpg]5g\. c;f/!$ b]lv nfu" x'g] ckm/df Pg;]nsf u fxsn] Pl:6«S;!&!@$ x\of; 8fon u/l lgb] {zgcg';f/ cyjf c+u ]hldf PÚ 6fOk u/l!&!@$ df P;PdP; k7fo{ of]hgfdf lgmz'ns ;xeful x'g ;Sg]5g\. of]hgfdf ;xeflutf hgfpkl5 u fxsn] ljljw pkxf/dwo] x/]s lbg lglzrt 8f6f ef]no'd, af]g; 6s 6fOd, af]g; P;PdP;nufotdWo]af6 s'g} Ps pkxf/ k fkt ug{ ;Sg]5g\. cfsif{s pkxf/cgt{ut u fxsn]!)) PdaL,!) PdaL 8]6f,!% ldg]6 af]g; 6s 6fOd,!% ldg]6 gfo6 6s 6fOd af]g;,!) ldg]6 8] 6s 6fOd af]g; af]g; P;PdP;nufotsf pkxf/dwo] s'g} Ps x/]s lbg k fkt ug{ ;Sg]5g\. k fkt pkxf/ u fxsn] ;f]xl lbg cyf{t\ /flt!@ ah]leq k of]u u/l ;Sg'kg] k fjwfg /x]sf] Pg;]nn] hgfpsf] 5. /flt!@ ah]kl5 cl3nnf] lbgsf] af]g; pkxf/ :jtm ;lsg]5 eg] u fxsn] k'gm To; lbgsf] dwo/ft;dd dfgo x'g] pkxf/ k fkt ug] {5g\. k fkt af]g; 6s 6fOd / P;PdP; Pg;]n g]6js{df dfq nfu" x'g]5. u fxsnfo{ ;w} F pts[i6 ;]jf cg'ej k bfg ug' Pg;]nsf] prr k fyldstf /xfb} cfpsf] 5. ckm/n] u fxsnfo{ cfkm\gf lk ohg;fu yk ;Dks{df /xg ;Dej agfpfb} nfe k bfg ug] {5,Ú Pg;]nsf skf] {/]6 ;+jfblj1 ldng zdf{n] eg]. PgcfO;L Pl;ofsf] j[if/f]k0f PgcfO;L Pl;of a} +sn] ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pq/bflotjcgtu{t w/fgl:yt lakl sf]o/fnf lj1fg :jf:yo k lti7fg kl/;/df ( ;o %) yfg la?jf j[if/f]k0f u/]sf] 5. a} +s / k lti7fgalr epsf] ;Demf}tfcg' k k lti7fg kl/;/df k lti7fgsf kbflwsf/lnufotsf] pkl:yltdf j[if/f]k0f ul/psf] a} +sn] hgfpsf] 5. a} +sn] d'n'se/ /x]sf zfvfsf] kxndf b]zsf ljlegg :s'n, c:ktfn, ;/sf/l sfof{no kl/;/, pbfg, v]ns'b d}bfg cflbh:tf :yfgdf j[if/f]k0f Pj+ ;+/If0fsf nflu pko'qm :yfg 5gf]6 u/l ;DalGwt ;+3;+:yfsf] ;xsfo{df j[if/f]k0f ul//x]sf] 5. a} +sn] cfj )&# &$ leq & xhf/ la?jf j[if/f]k0f ug] { nio /x]sf] atfpsf] 5. j[if/f]k0faf6 jftfj/0flo ;Gt'ng / xl/ofnl sfod ug{ of]ubfg k'ug] ] ljzjf; a} +sn] lnpsf] 5. nidl a}+ssf] af]g; ;]o/ kfl/t nidl a} +ssf]!^cf} F jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef ;DkGg epsf] 5. ;fwf/0f;efn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k ltj]bg kfl/t ug{ 'sf ;fy} cfj )&@ )&# sf] ljqlo ljj/0fdfly 5nkmn u/l :jls[t u/]sf] ;~rfns ;ldlt cwoif zde'k ;fb cfrfo{n] hfgsf/l lbp. ;fwf/0f;efn] cfj )&@ &# ;Ddsf] ;l~rt d'gfkmfaf6 )&# c;f/ d;fgt;dd sfod ;]o/ k' FhLsf] #* k ltzt af]g; ;]o/ ljt/0f ug] { k :tfj kfl/t u/]sf] a} +sn] hgfpsf] 5. af]g; ;]o/ )&# c;f/ d;fgtkl5 k f]km];gn lbofnf] ljsf; a} +snfo{ k flkt u/]afkt k f]km];gnsf ;]o/wglnfo{ hf/l ul/psf] ;]o/ tyf!)) k ltzt xsk b ;]o/kl5 xfn sfod k' FhLsf]!*=@( k ltzt x'g]5. k f]km];gn lbofnf]af6 sfod eo{ cfpsf ;]o/wgl,!)) k ltzt xsk b ;]o/sf] aff8kmff8af6 sfod ;]o/wgl tyf cljtl/t xsk b ;]o/sf] lnnfdlaf6 sfod ;]o/wgl;d]t af]g; ;]o/ kfpgof]uo x'g]5g\. a} +ssf] r'qmf k' FhLdf ;+:yfks ;]o/sf] c+z %! k ltzt sfod /xg] u/l ;+:yfks ;]o/nfo{ ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/df kl/0ft ug] { k :tfj;d]t ;fwf/0f;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] 5.;fwf/0f;efn] ;j{;fwf/0f ;]o/wglaf6 ljzjs/0f h}g tyf >LdtL :jflt?+u6fnfo{ ;~rfns ;ldltdf lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5. w/fgdf d~h'>lsf] zfvf d~h'>l kmfogfg;n] ;'g;/lsf] w/fgl:yt dx]gb kydf zfvf lj:tf/ u/l sf/f]af/ ;'? u/]sf] 5. w/fg;lxt sdkglsf zfvf ( k'u]sf 5g\. sdkglsf ;~rfns ;ldlt cwoif bfdf]b/k ;fb uf}tdn] zfvf pb\3f6g u/]sf lyp. r'qmf k' FhL &@ s/f]8 $# nfv &* xhf/ % ;o sdkglsf] xfn lgif]k #=%) ca{ tyf shf{ #=&! ca{ kl/rfng u/]sf] hgfpsf] 5. dlxgb f sf/ /]l;ªdf ;xeful dlxgb f uf8ln] k fljlws ;'wf/;fu} b]lv kmd' {nf O{ /]l;ª l;l/hdf ;xeful x' Fb} cfpsf] hgfpsf] 5. dlxgb ;]K6]Da/df a]olhªdf ;DkGg kmd' {nf O{ RoflDkogl;kdf ;xeful epsf] lyof]. df On]lS6«s ;jf/ln] k'ghl{jg kfpkl5 On]lS6«s ;jf/l /]l;ªdf klg k of]u x' Fb} cfpsf 5g\. kmd' {nf O{ RoflDkogl;k bzj6f ;d"x l6ddf ljefhg u/l k To]sdf b'o{hgf rfns /fvl b]lv #=$ lsnf]ld6/ c:yfol 6«ofs lgdf{0f u/l ug] { ul/g5. kmd' {nf O{ / o;sf] cjwf/0ff PkmcfOP cwoif h]g 6f]8\6n] df NofPsf lyp. kmd' {nf O{sf sfo{sf/l clws[t Pn]h]Gb f] cfun] o;nfo{ nfu" u/]sf x'g\. dlxgb f Pd # On]S6«f] /]; sf/sf ;fy cn On]lS6«S; RoflDkogl;kdf k lt:kwl{sf kdf ;xeful x' Fb} cfpsf] 5. xfdl kl5nnf rf/ /]l;ªsf ;fy t]; f] l;hgdf k'u]sf 5f} F, oxff;dd xfd f] pkl:ylt ;Gtf]ifhgs /xfb} cfpsf] 5,Ú dlxgb f /]l;ª kmd' {nf O{ l6dsf cwoif lbnau lunn] eg]. PkmcfOP kmd' {nf O{ RoflDkogl;k Ps l;+un l;6/ /]l;ª l;l/h xf]. On]lS6«s df cfp/ dfq k'ghl{jg kfpsf] xf]. k'ghl{jg;fu} o:tf ;jf/l /]l;ªdf klg k of]u x' Fb} cfpsf 5g\. g]kfndf dlxgb f uf8lsf] cflwsfl/s ljqm]tf clug OGskf] {/]6 u 'k xf].

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Ps bzsb]lv ;jf]{rr cbfntdf pqm kbsf] dfu ub}{ cfpklg clxn] dfq pqm kb l;h{gf ul/psf] xf]. g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} klxnf] k6s ;jf]{rr cbfntsf] d'vo /lhi6«f/df ag]sf ;'j]bln] lqljaf6 ;dfhzf:qdf PdP, g]kfn n SofDk;af6 ;+j}wflgs sfg'gdf PnPnPd / j]nfotaf6 OG6g]zgn x\o'dg /fo6\;df PnPnPd u/]sf 5g\. clxn] ;'j]bl ljsf;sf] clwsf/ / Gofofkflnsfsf] e"ldsfdf ljbfjfl/wl ub}{ 5g\. d'vo /lhi6f/ epsf]df ;'j]blnfo{ xfd f]tkm{af6 xflb{s awfo{. k[yjlgf/fo0f=== xfntdf klg 8udufpg glbg] cfzjf;g ;d]t lbpsf lyp. ;u/dfyf cf/f]xl k]djf z]kf{n] ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]df k[yjlgf/fo0f zfxsf] kmf]6f] g]kfnsf] /fli6«o em08f / g]kfnl ;]gfsf] em08f kmx/fp/ /fhwfgl kms] {kl5 k]daf lxdlrt'jfsf?kdf k Voft cfªl5l/ë z]kf{nufotnfo{?sdf+ub s6jfn 6«i6n] ;Ddflgt u/]sf] lyof]. z]kf{ k6s ;u/dfyf r9]sf /!) k6s ljgf cls;hg ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug{ ;kmn epsf lyp. ;f] ;df/f]xdf z]kf{nfo{ lulgh a's ckm jn8{ /]s8{n] k bfg u/]sf b'o{j6f k df0fkq ;d]t k wfg;]gfklt IfqLn] k bfg u/]sf lyp. k wfg;]gfklt IfqLn] g]kfnsf PsLs/0fsf gfos k[yjlgf/fo0f zfxnfo{ /fli6«o Pstfsf k lts :jlsf/ u/]klg xfn;dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] zfxnfo{ Pstfsf] k lts / /fi6«lgdf{tf :jlsf/ ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ca zfxnfo{ /fli6«o Pstfsf k lts / /fi6«lgdf{tfsf]?kdf :jlsf/ ug{ k wfg;]gfklt IfqLn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf k wfgdgqlnufot /fhg}lts bnx?;fu jftf{ ul/ k[yjlgf/fo0f zfxnfo{ /fli6«o Pstfsf] k ltssf?kdf ;/sf/nfo{ :jlsf/ ug{ dgfpg] ljzjf; ToxfF pkl:yt epsf dxfg'efjx?n] u/]sf 5g\. ;]gfn] dfq Pstfsf k lts dfg]/ s]xl x'g]jfnf 5}gf ;/sf/n] g} To;nfO{ :jlsf/ ul/ zfxsf] of]ubfgsf sb/ ug{ cfhsf] cfjzostf xf]. ljb]zl=== ck Tofl;t xf/ a]xf]/]klg /fk kfsf] cf}lrto ;dfkt gepsf] egb} kf6l{n] lnpsf] Ph]08f / c8fgsf sf/0f /fk kfsf] cf}lrto cem a9\b} upsf] 5. ca /fk kf pu?kdf cufl8 a9\g] epsf]n] To;} cg'?k cl3 a9\g kf6l{sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?nfo{ tof/ /xg cfu x;d]t u/]sf lyp. kf6l{sf] PsLs/0fkl5 ;+u7gsf] tnnf tx;dd kf6l{ k'ug gkfpfb} :yfglo txsf] lgjf{rgdf hfg' k/]sf]n] klg :yfglo txsf] lgjf{rgdf xf/ a]xf]g'{k/]sf] ts{ yfkfsf] lyof]. cwoif yfkfn] t/fo{if]qdf ljv08gsf/l efjgf a9\b} upsf]k lt lrgtf JoQm ub}{ pgn] eg] clxn] 89]nf]sf] lemnsf] dfq b]lvpsf] 5 To;nfO{ j]jf:tf u/] ufpf g} Wj:t x'g ;S5 egb} lxhf] c;kmn epsfx?n] g} cfh b]zsf] g]t[tj ul//x]sf]n] To;n] sfnfgt/df b]zsf] cv08tfdf cffr cfpg ;Sg] udel/ vt/f /x]sf]n] To;k lt ;hu /xg ;a}nfo{ cfu x ;d]t u/]sf lyp. nf]stgqsf] cf8df ltgbnlo l;lg8s]6 xfjl epsfn] hgtfn] nf]stqsf] cg'e"lt ;d]t ug{ gkfpsf] atfpfb} efuj08fdf ltg bn ldn]sf 5g\ b]vfpgsf nflu a]nf a]nfdf lj/f]w u/]sf] h:tf] b]vfpklg ltg 7"nf bn Ps} 7fpFdf /x]sf] cf/f]k cwoif yfkfsf] lyof]. kl5nnf] ;dodf sf+u ];, Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbl km]l/ Ps} 7fpFdf pleg ;Sg] yfkfsf] clejolqm lyof]. lh=k =sf=sf=b=g+= #& )$) )$! cfof]udf=== / lg0f{o slxn] ug]{ jif]{ sfo{sfn ;lsp/ km]l/ Dofb ylkpsf] 5 t/ hgo'4sfnlg d'2fx?df cfddfkml lbg'k5{ eg]/ dxfgofolwjqmf /d0f >]i7sf] bafa ;d]t v]kg g;s]/ cfof]u rndnfpg g;s]sf] xf]. /d0f >]i7sf] k :tfj 5, hgo'4sfnlg ;a} d'2fx?df cfddfkml lbg l;kmfl/; ug] / kll8tx?nfo{ /fhon] Ifltk"lt{ lbg'kg] {. o;f] ubf{ ågå zflgtdf?kfgt/0f x'g5 / a]kqf tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u klg ;kmn x'g5. t/ ljzjhutsf dfgjflwsf/jfblx? kl8snfo{ b08 / kll8tnfo{ Gofo x'g}k5{ elg/x]sf 5g\. kmf}hbf/l cleof]udf s;/l cfddfkml lbg5f}+ x]/f}+ t eg]/ va/ bf/ ul//x]sf 5g\. oxl va/bf/ln] ubf{ b'a} cfof]u nf]stlfgqs ;/sf/sf] sl/8/sf] ;hfj6sf] udnf ag]/ la/fhdfg /x]sf] 5. sfd b]vfpgsf nflu ;"o{ls/0f u'?ªn] ann af]n]sf 5g\ bf]>f] r/0fsf] r'gfjkl5 d]nldnfk cfof]un] 5'6]sf ågåkll8tx?sf] ph'/l ;+sng ul/g]5. sf+u ]; / dfcf]jfbl=== /fhkfsf cwoif dxgy 7fs'/n] nufpsf 5g\. 7fs'/sf cg';f/ k wfgdgql;fu e]6\bf ltg a'fb] adf]lhd ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg :yfglo txsf] ;+Vof yk, d'2f lkmtf{ ttsfn ub{5f}f egg] t/ slxno} s]xl gug]{ k j[lq b]lvpsf]n] klxn] Pdfn]k lt dw]zdf b]lvpsf] l/ofg;g ca sf+u ]; dfcf]jfbldf ;/]sf] cwoif 7fs'/sf] egfo{ /x]sf] 5. ljutsf em'7f d'2f vf/]h ug'{sf] abnf ljlegg lhnnfdf cfgbf]ngsf/l cfkm\gf sfo{stf{nfo{ ;fj{hlgs ck/fwdf d'2f rnfopsf] egb} r'gfjl cfrf/;+lxtf r'8fdl0fsf]=== zdf{sf xsdf eg] Tof] cfsif{0f x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf x'fb}g. kzrufdl sfg"g agfp/ s;}nfo{ sf/afxl ug{ kfofb}g, of] k fs[lqs Gofosf] l;4fgt ljkl/tsf] sfo{;d]t epsf]n] zdf{sf] d'2fdf clvtof/ g/fd f];fu km:g r'gfj=== dtu0fgf bf]xf] ofpg] / :ylut ug]{ sfd epsf] egb} Pdfn]nufot cgosf] ;'gjfo{ g} epg. a? k lqmofaf6 hfpf elgof], of] ;/f;/ unt xf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf cf]nl eg]. ;f]xl qmddf cf]nln] eg] ef/tsf nflu g]kfnl /fhb"t lbks'df/ pkfwoof k lt ;+s]t ub}{ eg] r'gfjdf /fhb"t ;d]t vl6p, sfo{stf{ x'g dg nfu]sf] ep lsg /fhb"t x'g'k of]. ;+slnt ph'/lsf] l5gf]kmfgf] ug{ g;sg]n] yk ph'/l lnp/ ug{ vf]h]sf] s] xf] < k fkt ph'/ldf s'g} 5fglag epsf 5}gg\. 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